Term 1 Final Exam

ROM stands for Read Only Memory. ROM is a type of computer memory that is non-volatile, meaning it retains its data even when the power is turned off. It contains pre-programmed data that cannot be modified or erased by normal computer operations, hence the term "read only." ROM is commonly used to store firmware, which is the software that is permanently programmed into a device's hardware. This allows the device to boot up and perform basic functions without needing to load software from an external source.

The correct answer is "Only" because ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. Read-only means that the data stored in ROM cannot be modified or changed, it can only be read. Therefore, the "O" in ROM stands for "Only" to indicate that the memory is read-only and cannot be written to or altered.

Computers store data in binary format, which consists of only two digits: 0 and 1. This is because computers use electronic circuits that can be either in an "off" state (represented by 0) or an "on" state (represented by 1). By using binary, computers can represent and process information in a more efficient and reliable manner. Other number systems like decimals and hexadecimal can be converted to binary for computer processing, but the fundamental data representation in computers is binary.

RAM stands for Random Access Memory. This is a type of computer memory that allows data to be accessed randomly, meaning any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes. It is a volatile memory, meaning that its contents are lost when the power is turned off. RAM is used by the computer's operating system and software applications to store and access data that is currently being used or processed. It provides fast and temporary storage for data, allowing for quick access and manipulation by the computer's processor.

The hard drive is a permanent storage device in a computer where all the files are stored. It is a non-volatile memory that retains data even when the computer is turned off. Unlike the RAM, which is a temporary storage device, the hard drive provides long-term storage for files, programs, and the operating system. The CD drive is used to read and write data on CDs, but it is not a permanent storage solution like the hard drive. The CPU is the central processing unit that performs calculations and executes instructions, but it does not store files permanently.

The correct answer is "the programs and other operating information used by a computer." This answer accurately defines software as the collection of programs and operating information that are utilized by a computer. It distinguishes software from devices connected to a computer, such as input and output devices, which are not considered software.

The term "hardware" refers to the physical components of a computer that can be touched or physically interacted with. This includes devices such as the keyboard, mouse, monitor, CPU, and other internal and external components. In contrast, "software" refers to the programs and instructions that run on the computer, which cannot be physically touched. Therefore, the correct answer is "hardware" because it represents the parts of the computer that can be physically touched.

Windows 7 is software because it is an operating system developed by Microsoft. It is a program that allows users to interact with the hardware of a computer and run other software applications. Windows 7 is not a physical component of a computer but rather a collection of programs and instructions that control and manage the computer's hardware resources.

ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of computer memory that stores data and instructions that are permanently written during manufacturing and cannot be modified or erased by normal computer operations. It contains start-up instructions that are essential for the computer to boot. These instructions are read by the computer during the booting process to initialize hardware and software components, allowing the computer to start and operate. Therefore, the statement "ROM stores start-up instructions and helps the computer boot" is true.

A computer case is like the skin/skeleton of a computer because it provides the structure and protection for the internal components. Just like the skin/skeleton protects the organs and tissues of the body, the computer case protects the sensitive electronic parts from dust, moisture, and physical damage. Additionally, the computer case also determines the overall appearance and aesthetics of the computer, just like the skin/skeleton contributes to the external appearance of a living being.

A supercomputer is considered the most powerful computer in the world. It is a high-performance computing machine that is capable of performing complex calculations and processing massive amounts of data at extremely high speeds. Supercomputers are used for various purposes such as scientific research, weather forecasting, and simulating nuclear reactions. They are designed to handle intensive computational tasks that regular computers cannot handle. Therefore, a supercomputer is the correct answer as it is recognized as the most powerful computer in terms of processing power and capabilities.

When using Edpuzzle, you are using software. Edpuzzle is an online platform that allows teachers to create interactive video lessons for their students. It is accessed through a web browser or a mobile app, making it a software-based tool rather than a hardware device. It provides features such as video editing, adding questions, and tracking student progress, all of which are functions typically associated with software applications. Therefore, the correct answer is software.

The printer is considered an output device because it receives data from a computer or other device and produces a physical copy or hard copy of that data. It takes information that is stored electronically and converts it into a tangible form, such as a printed document or image. Therefore, it is responsible for outputting information from a computer or device onto a physical medium.

The given statement is incorrect. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is actually non-volatile, meaning that it retains its data even when power is turned off. Unlike volatile memory such as RAM, ROM is designed to store permanent instructions or data that are not intended to be modified. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

The motherboard is the main circuit board in a computer that connects and allows communication between all the other components, such as the CPU, RAM, storage devices, and peripherals. It provides the electrical connections and pathways for data transfer, allowing all the components to work together and function as a cohesive unit. Without a motherboard, the other components would not be able to connect or communicate with each other, rendering the computer useless.

A desktop PC requires a constant power supply because it has higher power requirements compared to other devices listed. It typically has a more powerful processor, graphics card, and other components that require a steady flow of electricity to function properly. Additionally, desktop PCs are often used for tasks that require a lot of processing power, such as gaming or video editing, which further necessitates a stable power source.

Non-volatile means that data will be saved if the computer is switched off. This term refers to storage devices or memory that retains data even when power is lost. It ensures that the data remains intact and accessible even after a power outage or system shutdown.

A scanner is an input device because it is used to convert physical documents or images into digital format, which can then be stored, edited, or printed. It allows users to input information or data into a computer system by scanning physical documents or images. Therefore, it is considered as an input device rather than an output device.

A case fan is used to cool all the parts inside a computer. It is responsible for maintaining airflow and preventing the components from overheating. The fan is typically installed in the computer case and helps to dissipate the heat generated by the CPU, power supply, and other internal components. This ensures that the computer operates at a safe temperature, preventing damage and ensuring optimal performance.

Volatile refers to data that is stored temporarily in computer memory and is lost when the computer is switched off or loses power. Therefore, the correct answer is that data will be lost if the computer is switched off.

The correct answer is "embedded" because the statement mentions various household appliances such as TVs, microwaves, washers, and dryers. These appliances often contain embedded systems, which are specialized computer systems designed to perform specific tasks within the appliance. Therefore, the answer "embedded" is the most suitable explanation for the given statement.

This question is asking about the actions one should take in order to avoid plagiarizing. The correct answer is "All of the above" because all three options - citing sources, asking a teacher for clarification, and explaining ideas in one's own words - are effective strategies for avoiding plagiarism. Citing sources ensures that credit is given to the original author, asking a teacher helps clarify any doubts, and explaining ideas in one's own words demonstrates understanding and originality.

The motherboard is the correct answer because it is the main circuit board that connects all the different parts of the computer together. It provides a platform for the CPU, RAM, and other components to communicate and work together. Without a motherboard, the different parts of the computer would not be able to function properly or communicate with each other.

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. The CPU is the main component that processes data and controls the overall functioning of the computer system. It interacts with other components, such as the motherboard and power supply, to ensure that the computer operates efficiently. While the other options listed are important components, the CPU is specifically known for its role in processing and controlling the computer's operations.

A mainframe is a large and powerful computer that is used by banks, police officers, and airlines to process massive jobs. It is designed to handle complex and resource-intensive tasks, making it suitable for organizations that require high-performance computing. Mainframes are known for their reliability, scalability, and ability to handle large amounts of data. They are often used for critical applications that require high levels of security and processing power.

The correct answer is "All the information online about a person that is stored online." This answer accurately defines a digital footprint as the collection of information that is available about an individual on the internet. This can include social media profiles, blog posts, online comments, and any other digital content associated with a person. It highlights the fact that a digital footprint is the online representation of an individual's activities and presence on the internet.

The screen is considered an output device because it displays information to the user. It visually presents the output of a computer system, such as text, images, videos, or graphics, allowing the user to view and interact with the content. While it is possible to interact with certain elements on the screen, such as buttons or menus, the primary function of the screen is to provide visual output, making it an output device.

When clicking on an icon to open a file, the input device used is the mouse. The mouse allows the user to move the cursor on the screen and click on different elements, such as icons, to perform actions. In this case, the user clicks on the icon representing the file they want to open, initiating the action through the mouse.

Fair Use refers to the legal doctrine that allows for the limited use of copyrighted material without the permission of the copyright owner. It provides exceptions to copyright law and allows for uses such as criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair Use is a balancing act between the rights of the copyright owner and the freedom of expression and creativity of others. It is not an unlimited right to use any material without permission, but rather a limited exception that considers factors such as the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount and substantiality of the portion used, and the effect of the use on the potential market for the copyrighted work.

When working inside a computer, it is important to ground yourself to prevent static electricity from damaging the sensitive electronic components. Attaching an anti-static wrist strap to a metal part of the case ensures that any static charge is safely discharged to the ground. The case acts as a conductor, allowing the static electricity to flow safely away from the components, protecting them from potential damage.

Public domain refers to creative work that is not copyrighted and therefore free for anyone to use however they want. When a work is in the public domain, it means that the copyright protection has expired, been forfeited, or the creator has intentionally released it into the public domain. This allows individuals to use, copy, modify, and distribute the work without seeking permission or paying royalties. Works in the public domain can include books, music, art, films, and other forms of creative expression.

Fair Use refers to the legal principle that allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright owner. In this case, Paula wants to use a short quote from the article in her cinema review paper, which can be considered fair use as long as it meets certain criteria such as being for educational or transformative purposes, not affecting the market value of the original work, and using only a small portion of the copyrighted material. Therefore, Fair Use is the appropriate term to describe Paula's situation.

An ESD wrist strap is used to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) when working with electronic components. It is necessary to ground yourself with an ESD wrist strap when working on RAM, computer case, and hard drive as these components are sensitive to ESD and can be damaged if not handled properly. However, the outside case does not require grounding with an ESD wrist strap as it does not contain any sensitive electronic components.

Ergonomics aims to ensure that individuals can perform their work more effectively while also maintaining their health. It focuses on designing the work environment and tasks in a way that minimizes physical strain and discomfort, reduces the risk of injuries, and promotes overall well-being. By adapting the work environment to suit the human body and establishing efficient sequences of repetitive motions, ergonomics helps individuals stay healthy and productive in their work.

The correct answer is FireFox and Windows 7 because they are both software programs. Mouse, The Internet, and Keyboard are not software programs, but rather hardware devices or concepts related to the internet.