Infectious Disease Exam 1
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Quiz made for podiatry students for their INDI exam 1.
- 1.Staph saprophyticus does which type of hemolysis?
- A.
Alpha
- B.
Beta
- C.
Gamma
- D.
Variable
- E.
Non-Hemolytic
- 2.
- A.
Saprophyticus and epidermidis do beta, while aureus does gamma
- B.
Saprophyticus and epidermidis do gamma, while aureus does beta
- C.
Saprophyticus and aureus do beta, while epidermidis does gamma
- D.
Saprophyticus and aureus do gamma, while epidermidis does beta
- 3.Is Staph saprophyticus coagulase negative or positive?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- 4.Is Staph saprophyticus DNase positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- 5.How are saprophyticus and epidermidis different from aureus in terms of coagulase and DNase?
- A.
All are the same
- B.
Sapro and epidermidis are both positive
- C.
Aureus is positive
- 6.Is Staph saphrophyticus Mannitol positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
It varies
- 7.Which antiobiotic is used to treat Staph epidermidis?
- A.
Penicillin
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Bactrim
- E.
Erythromycin
- 8.Staph saprophyticus is resistant to which antibiotic?
- A.
Penicillin G
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Novobiocin
- 9.UTIs are systemic infections of which Staph?
- A.
Aureus
- B.
Epidermidis
- C.
Saprophyticus
- D.
Pyogenes
- 10.Which of the following are sensitive to Novobiocin?
- A.
S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus
- B.
S. aureus, S. epidermidis
- C.
S. aureus, S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus
- 11.Is S. saprophyticus urease positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
It varies
- 12.Which Staph may infect the urinary tract of patients due to poor hygiene and sexual activity?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. pyogenes
- 13.Attachment to epithelial cells via hemagglutinins and other cell surface proteins is a virulence factor of which staph?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. pyogenes
- 14.The urease produced by ________ may mediate host pathogenesis.
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. pyogenes
- 15.Which staph can cause both pyelonephritis and cystitis?
- A.
Aureus
- B.
Epidermidis
- C.
Saprophyticus
- D.
Pyogenes
- 16.Pyelonephritis is
- A.
Upper UTI
- B.
Lower UTI
- 17.Cystitis is
- A.
Upper UTI
- B.
Lower UTI
- 18.Pyruria (Pus in the urine) is commonly due to which Staph?
- A.
Aureus
- B.
Epidermidis
- C.
Saprophyticus
- D.
Pyogenes
- 19.Which bacteria are the most important bacteria, medically speaking?
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Bacillus
- D.
Cornybacterium
- 20.Which bacteria can be highly invasive?
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- 21.What is the primary habitat of Streptococci?
- A.
Mammalian Nasopharynx
- B.
Mammalian GI Tract
- C.
Mammalian Skin
- 22.Are Strep Gram positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- 23.Streptococci have what cell arrangement?
- A.
Grape-like cluster
- B.
Chain-like
- 24.Streptococci
- A.
Catalase Positive
- B.
Catalase Negative
- 25.Which is sub-grouped based on the Lancefield Groupings (A-H, K-M, O-V) based on the C carbohydrate extracted from the cell wall with hot HCl treatment?
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Clostridium
- 26.Lancefield grouping scheme was developed for what purpose?
- A.
To differentiate between alpha hemolytic strep
- B.
To differentiate between beta hemolytic strep
- C.
To differentiate between gamma hemolytic strep
- D.
To ease organization
- 27.Which 2 medically important Streptococci cannot be classified by "C" antigen?
- A.
Pneumoniae and viridans
- B.
Pneumoniae and pyogenes
- C.
Pyogenes and viridans
- D.
Pyogenes and pneumoniae
- 28.Streptococci have what hemolytic properties
- A.
Alpha
- B.
Beta
- C.
Gamma
- D.
Alpha, beta and gamma
- 29._________ have an oral and enteric clinical presenation and its manifestations include pyogenesis (pus formation)
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Planococcus
- D.
Stomatococcus
- 30.Sugar fermentation and esculin hydrolysis are the biotyping/biochemical properties of
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Bacillus
- 31.Strep mutans is what kind of strep?
- A.
Strep bovis
- B.
Strep pneumoniae
- C.
Viridans Strep
- D.
Strep pyogenes
- 32.Strep anginosus is what kind of strep?
- A.
Strep bovis
- B.
Strep pneumoniae
- C.
Strep Viridans
- D.
Mixed type
- 33.Streptococcus pyogenes falls into which group
- A.
Group A
- B.
Group B
- C.
Group D
- D.
Peptostreptococcus
- 34.Streptococcus pyogenes has which hemolysis pattern?
- A.
Alpha
- B.
Beta
- C.
Gamma
- 35.Streptococcus pyogenes
- A.
Catalase Positive
- B.
Catalase Negative
- 36.Streptococcus pyogenes is sensitive to which antibiotic?
- A.
Bacitracin
- B.
Novobiocin
- C.
Vancomyocin
- D.
Penicillin G
- 37.Streptococcus pyogenes colonizes which 2 areas?
- A.
Skin
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Oropharynx
- D.
Eustachian tube
- 38.Is Strep pyogenes hyaluronic acid capsule immunogenic?
- A.
Yes - recognized as foreign
- B.
No - not recognized as foreign
- 39.Molecular mimicry seen in the hyaluronic capsule of ____________ makes the capsule not immunogenic
- A.
Streptococcus pyogenes
- B.
Streptococcus agalactiae
- C.
Streptococcus bovis
- D.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
- 40.Which 2 virulence factors causes Streptococcus pyogenes to have a pattern of beta-hemolysis
- A.
SLO
- B.
Erythogenic toxin
- C.
SLS
- D.
M protein
- E.
Streptokinase
- 41.Streptolysin O (SLO) _______ in presence of oxygen
- A.
Oxygen sensitive/labile
- B.
Oxygen stable
- 42.Streptolysin O (SLO)
- A.
Immunogenic
- B.
Non-immunogenic
- 43.You can get antibody formation with which Streptolysin of Streptococcus pyogenes?
- A.
SLO
- B.
SLS
- C.
M protein
- D.
Streptokinase
- 44.M. luteus is what type of species
- A.
Kytococcus
- B.
Micrococcus
- C.
Staphylococcus
- D.
Planococcus
- 45.This is motile
- A.
Planococcus
- B.
Micrococcus
- C.
Stomatococcus
- D.
Staphylococcus
- 46.Which is not associated with pitted keratolysis
- A.
Kytococcus sendentarius
- B.
Dermatophilus congolensis
- C.
Corynebacteria species (diptheroids)
- D.
Planococcus saprophytis
- 47.Corynebacteria species are also known as
- A.
Planococci
- B.
S.mucilaginous
- C.
Diptheroids
- D.
S. epidermidis
- 48.S. mucilaginous is an example of what type of microorganism?
- A.
Stomatococcus
- B.
Planococcus
- C.
Micrococcus
- D.
Staphylococcus
- 49.Staphylococcus
- A.
Gram positive
- B.
Gram negative
- 50.Staphylococcus
- A.
Grape-like clusters
- B.
Long chains
- 51.Staphylococcus
- A.
Catalase (peroxidase) Positive
- B.
Catalase (peroxidase) Negative
- 52.Frank pathogen, as opposed to opportunistic commensal
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 53.Halophilic (halotolerant); will grow in presence of 7.5% NaCl
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- 54.Yellow-golden colored, round shape
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 55.Beta-hemolytic
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 56.S. aureus
- A.
Coagulase positive
- B.
Coagulase negative
- 57.S. aureus
- A.
DNase positive
- B.
DNase negative
- 58.S. aureus
- A.
Mannitol positive
- B.
Mannitol negative
- 59.Is S. aureus part of normal flora?
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
- 60.Can contaminated food carry S. aureus?
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
- 61.It is not possible to carry S. aureus and be unaffected
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 62.S. aureus has sphingomyelinase activity thanks to this
- A.
Alpha toxin
- B.
Beta toxin
- C.
Gamma toxin
- D.
Delta toxin
- 63.S. aureus has P-V leukocidin that works with this detergent
- A.
Alpha toxin
- B.
Beta toxin
- C.
Gamma toxin
- D.
Delta toxin
- 64.P-V leukocidin associated with
- A.
Community-associated MRSA
- B.
Nosocomial MRSA
- 65.Enterotoxins from S. aureus have these three characteristics
- A.
Heat stable
- B.
Cause diarrhea
- C.
Cause blindness
- D.
Cause emesis
- 66.Leukotoxin is also known as
- A.
Alpha toxin
- B.
Beta toxin
- C.
Gamma toxin
- D.
Delta toxin
- 67.Causes tissue necrosis and acts like a detergent
- A.
Alpha toxin
- B.
Beta toxin
- C.
Gamma toxin
- D.
Delta toxin
- 68.Which exotoxin of S. aureus is most common?
- A.
Toxin A
- B.
Toxin B
- C.
Toxins C and D
- D.
Toxin F
- 69.Toxin A of S. aureus causes
- A.
Staph. pseudomembranous enterocolitis
- B.
Excessive release of IL-2 from TH cells
- C.
Food intoxication
- 70.Ingestion of pre-formed toxin
- A.
Botulism
- B.
Food intoxication
- C.
Food infection
- 71.Causes Staph. pseudomembranous enterocolitis (superinfection)
- A.
Toxin A
- B.
Toxin B
- C.
Toxin C and D
- D.
Toxin F
- 72.Toxin A and B, which are exotoxins of S. aureus, are what kind of exotoxins?
- A.
Cytotoxins
- B.
Enterotoxins
- 73.Which exotoxin of S. aureus is a superantigen?
- A.
TSST
- B.
Exfoliatin
- C.
Alpha toxin
- D.
Beta toxin
- 74.Which exotoxin of S.aureus causes excessive release of IL-2 from T-helper cells and IL-1 from macrophages leading to hypotension, multiple organ involvement and death, produced only by lysogenized isolates during their growth?
- A.
Exfoliatin
- B.
Toxin A
- C.
TSST
- D.
Toxin B
- 75.Which types of S. aureus produce exfoliatin?
- A.
Phage group 1
- B.
Phage group 2 (Lysogenized isolates)
- C.
Phage group 3
- 76.What does beta lactamase lead to?
- A.
Methicillin resistance
- B.
Penicillin resistance
- C.
Vancomycin resistance
- 77.What do mutant penicillin-binding proteins result in?
- A.
Penicillin resistance
- B.
Methicillin resistance
- C.
Vancomycin resistance
- 78.Catalyzes the formation of thrombin which converts fibrinogen to fibrin
- A.
Coagulase
- B.
Protein A
- C.
Polysaccharide A
- D.
Staphylokinase
- 79.Which is not an important spreading factor for S. aureus?
- A.
DNase aka staphylodornase
- B.
Staphylokinase
- C.
Hyaluronidase
- D.
Coagulase
- E.
Lipase
- 80.This S. aureus virulence factor procures nutrients and decreases pus viscosity
- A.
Lipase
- B.
Hyaluronidase
- C.
Nuclease (DNase aka staphylodornase)
- D.
Staphylokinase
- 81.Virulence factor of S. aureus that activates plasmin leading to the breakdown of fibrin clot, thereby releasing organism in host
- A.
Coagulase
- B.
Hyaluronidase
- C.
Lipase
- D.
Staphylokinase
- E.
Nuclease
- 82.Staphylokinase opposes what virulance factor of S. aureus?
- A.
Protein A
- B.
Coagulase
- C.
Lipase
- D.
Beta lactamase
- 83.All of the following are localized infections produced by S. aureus except
- A.
Impetigo
- B.
Shingles
- C.
Cellulitis
- D.
Folliculitis
- E.
Furuncles and carbuncles
- 84.In scalded skin syndrome (Ritter's disease), isolates lysogenized by Phage Group II produce
- A.
Exfoliatin
- B.
Enterotoxin A
- C.
Necrotizing enterotoxins
- D.
Alpha toxin
- 85.S. aureus causes
- A.
Food infection via enterotoxin A
- B.
Food intoxication enterotoxin A
- C.
Food infection enterotoxin B
- D.
Food intoxication enterotoxin B
- 86.Most common causative agent of the systemic infection Osteomyelitis
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 87.This should be suspected with any topical S. aureus infection of the foot
- A.
Osteomyelitis
- B.
Toxic Shock syndrome
- C.
Infective (septic) Arthritis
- D.
Post-viral lobar pneumonia
- 88.Systemic infection associated with S. aureus that affects the bone epiphysis in adults, common in the tropics, often accompanied with pyomyositis
- A.
Toxic shock syndrome
- B.
Osteomyelitis
- C.
Infective (septic) arthritis
- D.
Acute bacterial endocarditis
- 89.Most common causative agent of the system infection, infective (septic) arthritis?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 90.Which system infection caused by S. aureus is often follows orthopedic surgery?
- A.
Osteomyelitis
- B.
Infective (septic) arthritis
- C.
Acute bacterial endocarditis
- 91.Which is the most common causative agent of the systemic infection, acute bacterial endocarditis?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 92.Which organism infects both normal and damaged heart valves?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 93.Which causes the systemic infection post-viral lobar pneumonia
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saphrophyticus
- 94.Systemic infection caused by S. aureus in which inhalation can lead to pneumonia, pulmonary abvesses or necrosis of host cells in bronchial tree or any lung cavity
- A.
Osteomyelitis
- B.
Infective (septic) arthritis
- C.
Acute bacterial endocarditis
- D.
Post-viral lobar pneumonia
- E.
Pyemia
- 95.Most common causative agent of the systemic infection, bacteremia and sepsis (pyemia)
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 96.Systemic infection caused by S. aureus that shows as an increased temperature due to release of pyrogens from bacteria, may lead to sinusitis, meningitis, and parotitis
- A.
Infective (septic) arthritis
- B.
Acute bacterial endocarditis
- C.
Post-viral lobar pneumonia
- D.
Bacteremia and sepsis
- 97.Systemic infection of S. aureus due to highly absorbent tampons
- A.
Toxic shock syndrome
- B.
Osteomyelitis
- C.
Infective (septic) arthritis
- D.
Post-viral lobar pneumonia
- 98.Causes the sytemic infection Staphylococcal Colitis (Necrotizing enterocolitis)
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 99.Staphylococcal Colitis (Necrotizing enterocolitis is a superinfection producing which enterotoxin?
- A.
Enterotoxin A
- B.
Enterotoxin B
- C.
Enterotoxin C and D
- D.
Enterotoxin F
- 100.If the S. aureus isolate is sensitive, what treatment would you use to get rid of S. aureus?
- A.
Penicillin
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Bacitracin
- 101.S. aureus resistant to methicillin (Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus MRSA) treated with
- A.
Penicillin
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Bacitracin
- 102.Topical treatment for S. aureus
- A.
Penicillin
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Bacitracin
- 103.For moist foot lesions caused by S. aureus, use
- A.
Bacitracin Cream
- B.
Bacitracin Ointment
- C.
Surgical debridement
- 104.For dry foot lesions caused by S. aureus, use
- A.
Bacitracin Cream
- B.
Bacitracin Ointment
- C.
Surgical debridement
- 105.In pustulent or necrotic tissues due to S. aureus infection, what treatment?
- A.
Bacitracin Cream
- B.
Bacitracin Ointment
- C.
Surgical debridement
- 106.More drug resistant
- A.
Community-associated MRSA
- B.
Nosocomially acquired MRSA
- 107.Which drug is not appropriate for treating MRSA/VISA/GISA
- A.
Linezolid (Zyvox)
- B.
Clindomycin
- C.
Synercid
- D.
Daptomycin
- 108.Linezolid (Zyvox) and Synercid are two drugs that treat MRSA. How?
- A.
Protein synthesis inhibitors
- B.
AA synthesis inhibitors
- 109.This binds to the Fc portion of IgG to block complement binding and opsonization (is a virulence factor of S. aureus)
- A.
Coagulase
- B.
Protein A
- C.
Polysaccharide A
- D.
Lipase
- 110.Clumping factor associated with endocarditis as it adheres to heart valves
- A.
Protein A
- B.
Coagulase
- C.
Lipase
- D.
Staphylokinase
- 111.Where is Toxin A preformed?
- A.
In food
- B.
In mouth
- C.
In stomach
- D.
In rectum
- 112.Color of Staph epidermidis
- A.
Red
- B.
White
- C.
Blue
- D.
Rainbow
- 113.Staph epidermidis
- A.
Alpha hemolysis
- B.
Beta hemolysis
- C.
Gamma hemolysis
- D.
Delta hemolysis
- 114.Staph epidermidis (pick two)
- A.
Coagulase positive
- B.
Coagulase negative
- C.
DNase positive
- D.
DNase negative
- 115.Staph epidermidis
- A.
Mannitol positive
- B.
Mannitol negative
- 116.Staph epidermidis is part of normal flora
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 117.S. aureus and S. epidermidis have which 2 virulence factors in common?
- A.
Beta-lactamase
- B.
Mutant penicillin-binding protein
- C.
Exopolysaccharide glycocalyx (slime layer)
- D.
Multiple drug resistance including methicillin, oxacillin, cephalosporins
- 118.Which Staphylococcus has Exopolysaccharide Glycocalyx aka SLIME LAYER as a virulence factor?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 119.This S. epidermidis virulence factor has adhesion to host tissue and plastics, anti-phagocytic, blocks antibiotic penetration
- A.
Beta-lactamase
- B.
Mutant penicillin-binding proteins
- C.
Exopolysaccharide glycocalyx (slime layer)
- 120.This Staph has multiple drug resistances including methicillin, oxacillin, and cephalosporins as a virulence factor
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- 121.Staph epidermidis is resistant which antibiotics? (Choose as many as necessary)
- A.
Pencillin
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
- D.
Oxacillin
- E.
Cephalosporins
- 122.S. aureus and S. epidermidis have two which systemic infections in common?
- A.
Bacteremia
- B.
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- C.
Sepsis
- 123.This affects only abnormal or damaged heart valves, and prosthetic valves
- A.
Acute bacterial endocarditis
- B.
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- 124.S. epidermidis systemic infections have what origin?
- A.
Grocery Stores
- B.
Toilet seats
- C.
Hospitals
- D.
Restaurants
- 125.The following applies to which Streptolysin of Streptococcus pyogenes? An increase in antibody titer is used to determine if individual had recent S. pyogenes infection
- A.
SLO
- B.
SLS
- 126.The immunogenicity of SLO is important for which 2 medical conditions
- A.
Rheumatic fever
- B.
Pyelonephritis
- C.
Acute glomerulonephritis
- D.
Cystitis
- 127.This exists.
- A.
ASO (antibodies to SLO)
- B.
ASL (antibodies to SLS)
- C.
ASO and ASL
- 128.SLS
- A.
Stable in the presence of oxygen
- B.
Sensitive in the presence of oxygen
- 129.This virulence factor of Strep. pyogenes causes the red rash of Scarlet fever
- A.
SLO
- B.
SLS
- C.
Erythrogenic toxin
- D.
M protein
- 130.This tests for the susceptibility to erythrogenic toxin of Strep pyogenes
- A.
Dick test
- B.
Esculin hydrolysis
- C.
Erysipelas
- D.
CAMP test
- 131.In the dick test, after injection, if a red rash appears, the person
- A.
Has the antibody
- B.
Does not have the antibody
- 132.In Strep pyogenes, there are at least how many different serotypes of M protein
- A.
1
- B.
10
- C.
100
- D.
1000
- E.
10000
- 133.In Strep pyogenes, which M protein types are associated with invasiveness?
- A.
M1
- B.
M2
- C.
M3
- D.
M4
- E.
M18
- 134.Erythrogenic toxin of Strep pyogenes is a superantigen
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 135.Which virulence factor of Strep pyogenes is essential for pathogenicity?
- A.
Hyaluronic acid capsule
- B.
Hemolysins
- C.
Erythrogenic toxin
- D.
M protein
- E.
Hyaluronidase
- 136.In Strep pyogenes, certain M proteins resemble sarcolemmal membrane protein of the hearth thereby leading to
- A.
Scarlet fever
- B.
Rheumatic fever
- C.
Necrotizing fasciitis
- 137.Describe M protein of Strep pyogenes (choose two)
- A.
Anti-phagocytic
- B.
Phagocytic
- C.
Adhesion factor (with lipoteichoic acid)
- D.
Plays a role in successful opsonization
- 138.Strep pyogenes does not have hyaluronidase activity
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 139.Streptokinase of Strep pyogenes
- A.
Activates fibrin to form clots
- B.
Activates plasmin to lyse clots
- 140.Nuclease of Strep pyogenes does this
- A.
Degrades DNA
- B.
Degrades RNA
- C.
Degrades both DNA and RNA
- 141.Nuclease of strep pyogenes is a spreading factor because it
- A.
Increases pus viscosity
- B.
Decreases pus viscosity
- 142.Strep pyogenes uses _______ aka streptodornase as a virulence factor
- A.
DNase A
- B.
DNase B
- C.
DNase C
- D.
DNase D
- 143.In Strep pyogenes, this virulence factor is associated with increased antibody titer which indicates recent S. pyogenes infection, like ASO antibody is useful with respect to rheumatic fever
- A.
Adhesion factor (with lipoteichoic acid)
- B.
Hyaluronidase
- C.
Streptokinase
- D.
DNase B (streptodornase)
- 144.Strep pyogenes - in strains associated with tissue necrosis (Streptococcal Toxic Shock-like syndrome / necrotizing fasciitis), which virulence factor is found
- A.
Adhesion factor
- B.
Streptokinase
- C.
Nuclease
- D.
Protease
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