Infectious Disease Exam 1
Quiz made for podiatry students for their INDI exam 1.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Staph saprophyticus does which type of hemolysis?
- A.
Alpha
- B.
Beta
- C.
Gamma
- D.
Variable
- E.
Non-Hemolytic
Correct Answer
C. GammaExplanation
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a species of bacteria that is commonly found in the urinary tract and is a frequent cause of urinary tract infections in young, sexually active women. When it comes to hemolysis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus typically exhibits gamma hemolysis. Gamma hemolysis refers to the absence of hemolysis, meaning that there is no visible change in the blood agar surrounding the bacterial colonies. This indicates that the bacteria do not produce any hemolysins, which are enzymes that can lyse red blood cells.Rate this question:
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- 2.
How are both Staph saprophyticus and Staph epidermidis different from S. aureus in terms of hemolysis pattern?
- A.
Saprophyticus and epidermidis do beta, while aureus does gamma
- B.
Saprophyticus and epidermidis do gamma, while aureus does beta
- C.
Saprophyticus and aureus do beta, while epidermidis does gamma
- D.
Saprophyticus and aureus do gamma, while epidermidis does beta
Correct Answer
B. Saprophyticus and epidermidis do gamma, while aureus does betaExplanation
Staph saprophyticus and Staph epidermidis both exhibit gamma hemolysis, while Staph aureus displays beta hemolysis.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Is Staph saprophyticus coagulase negative or positive?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
Correct Answer
B. NegativeExplanation
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a coagulase-negative bacterium. Coagulase is an enzyme produced by some Staphylococcus species, such as Staphylococcus aureus, which causes the plasma protein fibrinogen to clot. Since Staphylococcus saprophyticus does not produce coagulase, it is classified as coagulase-negative.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Is Staph saprophyticus DNase positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
Correct Answer
B. NegativeExplanation
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a species of bacteria that is commonly found in the urinary tract and is a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young women. DNase is an enzyme that breaks down DNA. The question is asking whether Staph saprophyticus is DNase positive or negative. The correct answer is "Negative" because Staph saprophyticus is typically DNase negative, meaning it does not produce the DNase enzyme. This is an important characteristic used in identifying and differentiating Staph saprophyticus from other Staphylococcus species.Rate this question:
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- 5.
How are saprophyticus and epidermidis different from aureus in terms of coagulase and DNase?
- A.
All are the same
- B.
Sapro and epidermidis are both positive
- C.
Aureus is positive
Correct Answer
C. Aureus is positiveExplanation
The correct answer is that aureus is positive. This means that Staphylococcus aureus produces coagulase and DNase enzymes, while Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis do not produce these enzymes. Coagulase is an enzyme that causes blood to clot, while DNase is an enzyme that breaks down DNA. This difference in enzyme production is one way to distinguish between these three species of Staphylococcus bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Is Staph saphrophyticus Mannitol positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
It varies
Correct Answer
C. It variesExplanation
The answer "It varies" is correct because Staphylococcus saprophyticus can exhibit both Mannitol positive and Mannitol negative reactions. Mannitol fermentation is a characteristic used to differentiate between different species of Staphylococcus bacteria. Some strains of Staphylococcus saprophyticus can ferment Mannitol, resulting in a positive reaction, while others cannot, leading to a negative reaction. Therefore, the Mannitol reaction of Staphylococcus saprophyticus can vary depending on the specific strain.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which antiobiotic is used to treat Staph epidermidis?
- A.
Penicillin
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Bactrim
- E.
Erythromycin
Correct Answer
C. VancomycinExplanation
Vancomycin is the correct answer because it is a potent antibiotic that is effective against Staph epidermidis. Staph epidermidis is a type of bacteria that commonly causes infections, particularly in hospital settings. Vancomycin is often used to treat infections caused by Staph epidermidis because it is active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is a common type of Staph epidermidis. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to the death of the bacteria. Other antibiotics like penicillin, methicillin, bactrim, and erythromycin may not be as effective against Staph epidermidis or may have a higher risk of resistance.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Staph saprophyticus is resistant to which antibiotic?
- A.
Penicillin G
- B.
Methicillin
- C.
Vancomycin
- D.
Novobiocin
Correct Answer
D. NovobiocinExplanation
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is known to be resistant to Novobiocin. This antibiotic is not effective against this particular strain of Staphylococcus bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 9.
UTIs are systemic infections of which Staph?
- A.
Aureus
- B.
Epidermidis
- C.
Saprophyticus
- D.
Pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. Saprophyticus -
- 10.
Which of the following are sensitive to Novobiocin?
- A.
S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus
- B.
S. aureus, S. epidermidis
- C.
S. aureus, S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus
Correct Answer
B. S. aureus, S. epidermidisExplanation
Novobiocin is an antibiotic that inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase, an enzyme involved in DNA replication. S. aureus and S. epidermidis are both sensitive to Novobiocin because they rely on DNA gyrase for their DNA replication process. S. saprophyticus, on the other hand, is not sensitive to Novobiocin as it has a different mechanism for DNA replication that does not involve DNA gyrase. Therefore, the correct answer is S. aureus, S. epidermidis.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Is S. saprophyticus urease positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
It varies
Correct Answer
A. PositiveExplanation
S. saprophyticus is urease positive, meaning that it has the ability to produce the enzyme urease. Urease is an important enzyme that breaks down urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. This ability allows S. saprophyticus to survive and grow in environments with high urea concentrations, such as the urinary tract. The production of urease by S. saprophyticus is a key characteristic used in its identification and differentiation from other bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which Staph may infect the urinary tract of patients due to poor hygiene and sexual activity?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. S. saprophyticusExplanation
S. saprophyticus may infect the urinary tract of patients due to poor hygiene and sexual activity. This particular strain of Staphylococcus is commonly found in the genital area and can easily be transmitted during sexual intercourse. Additionally, poor hygiene practices can contribute to the growth and spread of S. saprophyticus, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Attachment to epithelial cells via hemagglutinins and other cell surface proteins is a virulence factor of which staph?
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. S. saprophyticusExplanation
The attachment to epithelial cells via hemagglutinins and other cell surface proteins is a virulence factor of S. saprophyticus. This means that S. saprophyticus has the ability to adhere to and invade epithelial cells, which contributes to its ability to cause infection and disease. This virulence factor is not present in S. aureus, S. epidermidis, or S. pyogenes.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The urease produced by ________ may mediate host pathogenesis.
- A.
S. aureus
- B.
S. epidermidis
- C.
S. saprophyticus
- D.
S. pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. S. saprophyticusExplanation
S. saprophyticus may produce urease, which can play a role in causing disease in the host. Urease is an enzyme that breaks down urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. This can lead to the formation of alkaline conditions in the host's urinary tract, which can be detrimental to the host and contribute to pathogenesis.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which staph can cause both pyelonephritis and cystitis?
- A.
Aureus
- B.
Epidermidis
- C.
Saprophyticus
- D.
Pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. SaprophyticusExplanation
Staphylococcus saprophyticus can cause both pyelonephritis and cystitis. This bacterium is commonly associated with urinary tract infections, particularly in young sexually active women. It has the ability to adhere to the urinary tract lining and cause inflammation in both the kidneys (pyelonephritis) and the bladder (cystitis). Staphylococcus aureus, epidermidis, and pyogenes are not typically associated with urinary tract infections.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Pyelonephritis is
- A.
Upper UTI
- B.
Lower UTI
Correct Answer
A. Upper UTIExplanation
Pyelonephritis is an infection that affects the kidneys, specifically the renal pelvis and the kidney tissue. It is considered an upper urinary tract infection (UTI) because it involves the upper part of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys and the ureters. Lower UTIs, on the other hand, involve the lower part of the urinary system, such as the bladder and the urethra. Therefore, the correct answer is Upper UTI.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Cystitis is
- A.
Upper UTI
- B.
Lower UTI
Correct Answer
B. Lower UTIExplanation
Cystitis refers to the inflammation of the bladder, which is commonly caused by a bacterial infection. It typically presents with symptoms such as frequent urination, a strong urge to urinate, and a burning sensation during urination. Cystitis is classified as a lower urinary tract infection (UTI) because it primarily affects the bladder. Upper UTIs, on the other hand, involve the kidneys and are usually more severe. Therefore, the correct answer is lower UTI.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Pyruria (Pus in the urine) is commonly due to which Staph?
- A.
Aureus
- B.
Epidermidis
- C.
Saprophyticus
- D.
Pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. SaprophyticusExplanation
Pyruria, which is the presence of pus in the urine, is commonly caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus. This bacterium is a common cause of urinary tract infections, particularly in young sexually active women. Staphylococcus aureus is more commonly associated with skin and soft tissue infections, while Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of infections related to medical devices. Staphylococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus, is not a Staphylococcus species and is not typically associated with pyruria.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which bacteria are the most important bacteria, medically speaking?
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Bacillus
- D.
Cornybacterium
Correct Answer
B. StreptococcusExplanation
Streptococcus is considered one of the most important bacteria medically because it is responsible for causing a wide range of infections in humans. It can cause strep throat, pneumonia, skin infections, and even life-threatening conditions such as sepsis and meningitis. Streptococcus bacteria are also known for their ability to develop antibiotic resistance, making them a significant concern in healthcare settings. Therefore, understanding and effectively treating Streptococcus infections is crucial for medical professionals in order to prevent and manage these potentially serious infections.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which bacteria can be highly invasive?
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
Correct Answer
B. StreptococcusExplanation
Streptococcus bacteria can be highly invasive because they have the ability to produce enzymes and toxins that allow them to penetrate and damage host tissues. They can also evade the immune system and spread throughout the body, causing severe infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis. Staphylococcus bacteria, on the other hand, can also cause invasive infections but are generally less invasive compared to Streptococcus.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What is the primary habitat of Streptococci?
- A.
Mammalian Nasopharynx
- B.
Mammalian GI Tract
- C.
Mammalian Skin
Correct Answer
A. Mammalian NasopharynxExplanation
Streptococci are primarily found in the mammalian nasopharynx, which is the upper part of the throat behind the nose. This is their primary habitat where they thrive and reproduce. They are commonly found in this area and can cause various infections such as strep throat. Streptococci are less commonly found in the mammalian GI tract and skin compared to the nasopharynx.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Are Strep Gram positive or negative?
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
Correct Answer
A. PositiveExplanation
Strep bacteria are Gram-positive. This means that they retain the crystal violet stain in the Gram staining process, appearing purple under a microscope. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls, which retains the stain. In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria do not retain the stain and appear pink or red.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Streptococci have what cell arrangement?
- A.
Grape-like cluster
- B.
Chain-like
Correct Answer
B. Chain-likeExplanation
Streptococci have a chain-like cell arrangement. This means that the cells are arranged in a linear fashion, resembling a chain. This arrangement is characteristic of streptococci bacteria and distinguishes them from other bacteria that may have different cell arrangements, such as grape-like clusters.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Streptococci
- A.
Catalase Positive
- B.
Catalase Negative
Correct Answer
B. Catalase NegativeExplanation
Streptococci are a group of bacteria that can be categorized based on their ability to produce the enzyme catalase. Catalase-positive streptococci have the ability to break down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, while catalase-negative streptococci lack this ability. Therefore, the correct answer is "Catalase Negative" because it indicates that the streptococci being referred to in the question do not produce the catalase enzyme.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which is sub-grouped based on the Lancefield Groupings (A-H, K-M, O-V) based on the C carbohydrate extracted from the cell wall with hot HCl treatment?
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Clostridium
Correct Answer
B. StreptococcusExplanation
Streptococcus is sub-grouped based on the Lancefield Groupings (A-H, K-M, O-V) based on the C carbohydrate extracted from the cell wall with hot HCl treatment.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Lancefield grouping scheme was developed for what purpose?
- A.
To differentiate between alpha hemolytic strep
- B.
To differentiate between beta hemolytic strep
- C.
To differentiate between gamma hemolytic strep
- D.
To ease organization
Correct Answer
B. To differentiate between beta hemolytic strepExplanation
The Lancefield grouping scheme was developed to differentiate between beta hemolytic streptococci. This scheme categorizes these bacteria based on the presence of specific antigens on their cell walls. By identifying these antigens, healthcare professionals can determine the type of streptococcal infection and prescribe appropriate treatment. This grouping system is particularly useful in clinical settings for accurate diagnosis and management of infections caused by beta hemolytic streptococci.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which 2 medically important Streptococci cannot be classified by "C" antigen?
- A.
Pneumoniae and viridans
- B.
Pneumoniae and pyogenes
- C.
Pyogenes and viridans
- D.
Pyogenes and pneumoniae
Correct Answer
A. Pneumoniae and viridansExplanation
Streptococcus pneumoniae and viridans streptococci are two medically important types of Streptococci that cannot be classified by "C" antigen. The "C" antigen is used to classify Streptococci into different groups based on the presence or absence of this antigen. However, both pneumoniae and viridans streptococci do not possess this antigen, making them unable to be classified using this method.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Streptococci have what hemolytic properties
- A.
Alpha
- B.
Beta
- C.
Gamma
- D.
Alpha, beta and gamma
Correct Answer
D. Alpha, beta and gammaExplanation
Streptococci have alpha, beta, and gamma hemolytic properties. This means that they can cause different degrees of red blood cell destruction. Alpha-hemolytic streptococci partially break down red blood cells, resulting in a greenish discoloration around the colony. Beta-hemolytic streptococci completely break down red blood cells, creating a clear zone around the colony. Gamma-hemolytic streptococci do not have any hemolytic properties and do not cause any change in the blood agar. Therefore, streptococci can exhibit all three types of hemolysis.Rate this question:
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- 29.
_________ have an oral and enteric clinical presenation and its manifestations include pyogenesis (pus formation)
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Planococcus
- D.
Stomatococcus
Correct Answer
B. StreptococcusExplanation
Streptococcus is the correct answer because it is a genus of bacteria that can cause oral and enteric infections. These infections often result in the formation of pus, known as pyogenesis. Staphylococcus is another genus of bacteria that can cause similar infections, but it is not the best answer in this case. Planococcus and Stomatococcus are not typically associated with oral and enteric infections or pus formation.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Sugar fermentation and esculin hydrolysis are the biotyping/biochemical properties of
- A.
Staphylococcus
- B.
Streptococcus
- C.
Bacillus
Correct Answer
B. StreptococcusExplanation
Sugar fermentation and esculin hydrolysis are two specific biochemical properties that are characteristic of Streptococcus bacteria. Streptococcus species are known to ferment sugars, meaning they can break down sugars for energy production. Additionally, they are also capable of hydrolyzing esculin, a compound found in certain plants, into glucose and esculetin. These properties are useful in differentiating Streptococcus from other bacterial genera, such as Staphylococcus and Bacillus, which may not exhibit the same fermentation or hydrolysis capabilities.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Strep mutans is what kind of strep?
- A.
Strep bovis
- B.
Strep pneumoniae
- C.
Viridans Strep
- D.
Strep pyogenes
Correct Answer
C. Viridans StrepExplanation
The correct answer is viridans Strep. Strep mutans is a type of bacteria that belongs to the viridans Streptococci group. This group includes various species of streptococci that are commonly found in the oral cavity. Strep mutans is known for its role in dental caries and is one of the primary bacteria involved in tooth decay.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Strep anginosus is what kind of strep?
- A.
Strep bovis
- B.
Strep pneumoniae
- C.
Strep Viridans
- D.
Mixed type
Correct Answer
D. Mixed typeExplanation
The correct answer is Mixed type. This is because Strep anginosus is a group of bacteria that includes different species, such as Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus, and Streptococcus intermedius. These species are often found together in infections, leading to the classification of Strep anginosus as a mixed type of strep.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Streptococcus pyogenes falls into which group
- A.
Group A
- B.
Group B
- C.
Group D
- D.
Peptostreptococcus
Correct Answer
A. Group AExplanation
Streptococcus pyogenes falls into Group A. This classification is based on the Lancefield grouping system, which categorizes streptococci based on the antigens present on their cell walls. Group A streptococci, including Streptococcus pyogenes, have specific carbohydrates on their cell walls that are recognized by antibodies in the Group A Lancefield antigen test. This test is commonly used to identify and differentiate Group A streptococci from other groups.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Streptococcus pyogenes has which hemolysis pattern?
- A.
Alpha
- B.
Beta
- C.
Gamma
Correct Answer
B. BetaExplanation
Streptococcus pyogenes exhibits the beta hemolysis pattern. This means that it completely lyses red blood cells and produces a clear zone around the bacterial colonies on blood agar. This pattern is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin, resulting in a clear zone around the colonies.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Streptococcus pyogenes
- A.
Catalase Positive
- B.
Catalase Negative
Correct Answer
B. Catalase NegativeExplanation
The given answer, "Catalase Negative," suggests that Streptococcus pyogenes does not produce the enzyme catalase. Catalase is an enzyme that helps in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Bacteria that are catalase positive can break down hydrogen peroxide, resulting in the production of bubbles of oxygen gas. In contrast, catalase-negative bacteria do not produce bubbles when hydrogen peroxide is added. Therefore, based on the given information, Streptococcus pyogenes is likely unable to break down hydrogen peroxide and is catalase negative.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Streptococcus pyogenes is sensitive to which antibiotic?
- A.
Bacitracin
- B.
Novobiocin
- C.
Vancomyocin
- D.
Penicillin G
Correct Answer
A. BacitracinExplanation
Streptococcus pyogenes is sensitive to Bacitracin. Bacitracin is an antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including Streptococcus pyogenes. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to the death of the bacteria. Other antibiotics like Novobiocin, Vancomycin, and Penicillin G may be effective against other bacteria, but they are not specifically known for their effectiveness against Streptococcus pyogenes.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Streptococcus pyogenes colonizes which 2 areas?
- A.
Skin
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Oropharynx
- D.
Eustachian tube
Correct Answer(s)
A. Skin
C. OropharynxExplanation
Streptococcus pyogenes colonizes the skin and oropharynx. This bacterium is commonly found on the skin, where it can cause infections such as impetigo. It also colonizes the oropharynx, which includes the back of the throat and tonsils. In the oropharynx, it can cause various infections such as strep throat and tonsillitis. Therefore, the correct answer is skin and oropharynx.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Is Strep pyogenes hyaluronic acid capsule immunogenic?
- A.
Yes - recognized as foreign
- B.
No - not recognized as foreign
Correct Answer
B. No - not recognized as foreignExplanation
The answer is "No - not recognized as foreign" because Strep pyogenes is a human pathogen and its hyaluronic acid capsule is similar to the hyaluronic acid found in human tissues. Therefore, the immune system does not recognize it as foreign and does not mount an immune response against it.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Molecular mimicry seen in the hyaluronic capsule of ____________ makes the capsule not immunogenic
- A.
Streptococcus pyogenes
- B.
Streptococcus agalactiae
- C.
Streptococcus bovis
- D.
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Correct Answer
A. Streptococcus pyogenesExplanation
Streptococcus pyogenes has a hyaluronic capsule that contains molecules that resemble the host's own tissues. This molecular mimicry helps the bacteria evade the immune system because the immune system recognizes the capsule as self and does not mount an immune response against it. This property makes the hyaluronic capsule of Streptococcus pyogenes not immunogenic.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which 2 virulence factors causes Streptococcus pyogenes to have a pattern of beta-hemolysis
- A.
SLO
- B.
Erythogenic toxin
- C.
SLS
- D.
M protein
- E.
Streptokinase
Correct Answer(s)
A. SLO
C. SLSExplanation
SLO and SLS are the two virulence factors that cause Streptococcus pyogenes to have a pattern of beta-hemolysis. SLO (Streptolysin O) is a toxin that forms pores in host cell membranes, leading to cell lysis. SLS (Streptolysin S) is another toxin that disrupts cell membranes. Both of these toxins contribute to the destruction of red blood cells, resulting in the characteristic beta-hemolysis pattern seen in S. pyogenes infections.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Streptolysin O (SLO) _______ in presence of oxygen
- A.
Oxygen sensitive/labile
- B.
Oxygen stable
Correct Answer
A. Oxygen sensitive/labileExplanation
Streptolysin O (SLO) is oxygen sensitive or labile, meaning it is easily deactivated or destroyed in the presence of oxygen. This implies that SLO's activity or effectiveness is reduced or completely lost when exposed to oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Streptolysin O (SLO)
- A.
Immunogenic
- B.
Non-immunogenic
Correct Answer
A. ImmunogenicExplanation
Streptolysin O (SLO) is considered immunogenic because it is capable of eliciting an immune response in the body. This means that when SLO enters the body, the immune system recognizes it as foreign and mounts a response to eliminate it. This immune response may involve the production of antibodies specific to SLO, as well as the activation of immune cells to destroy the pathogen. Therefore, SLO is immunogenic because it can stimulate an immune response.Rate this question:
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- 43.
You can get antibody formation with which Streptolysin of Streptococcus pyogenes?
- A.
SLO
- B.
SLS
- C.
M protein
- D.
Streptokinase
Correct Answer
A. SLOExplanation
SLO, also known as Streptolysin O, is a protein produced by Streptococcus pyogenes. It is a potent toxin that can cause cell lysis and tissue damage. When S. pyogenes infects the body, the immune system responds by producing antibodies, including antibodies against SLO. These antibodies help to neutralize the toxin and prevent further damage. Therefore, SLO can induce antibody formation in response to S. pyogenes infection.Rate this question:
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- 44.
M. luteus is what type of species
- A.
Kytococcus
- B.
Micrococcus
- C.
Staphylococcus
- D.
Planococcus
Correct Answer
B. MicrococcusExplanation
M. luteus is classified as a species of Micrococcus.Rate this question:
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- 45.
This is motile
- A.
Planococcus
- B.
Micrococcus
- C.
Stomatococcus
- D.
Staphylococcus
Correct Answer
A. PlanococcusExplanation
Planococcus is the correct answer because it is a genus of bacteria that is motile. Motility refers to the ability of an organism to move independently using appendages such as flagella. Micrococcus, Stomatococcus, and Staphylococcus are all genera of bacteria that are non-motile. Therefore, the correct answer is Planococcus.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which is not associated with pitted keratolysis
- A.
Kytococcus sendentarius
- B.
Dermatophilus congolensis
- C.
Corynebacteria species (diptheroids)
- D.
Planococcus saprophytis
Correct Answer
D. Planococcus saprophytisExplanation
Planococcus saprophytis is not associated with pitted keratolysis. Pitted keratolysis is a bacterial infection of the skin characterized by small pits or depressions on the soles of the feet. It is commonly caused by bacteria such as Kytococcus sedentarius, Dermatophilus congolensis, and Corynebacterium species. However, Planococcus saprophytis is not known to be associated with this condition.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Corynebacteria species are also known as
- A.
Planococci
- B.
S.mucilaginous
- C.
Diptheroids
- D.
S. epidermidis
Correct Answer
C. DiptheroidsExplanation
Corynebacteria species are commonly referred to as diphtheroids. Diphtheroids are a group of bacteria that resemble the bacterium responsible for causing diphtheria, but they do not produce the toxin associated with the disease. These bacteria are commonly found on the skin, mucous membranes, and in other areas of the body. They are considered part of the normal flora and typically do not cause disease unless there is an underlying condition or weakened immune system.Rate this question:
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- 48.
S. mucilaginous is an example of what type of microorganism?
- A.
Stomatococcus
- B.
Planococcus
- C.
Micrococcus
- D.
Staphylococcus
Correct Answer
A. StomatococcusExplanation
Stomatococcus is the correct answer because S. mucilaginous is a species of Stomatococcus. Stomatococcus is a type of microorganism that belongs to the family Micrococcaceae. It is a Gram-positive, non-motile, and non-spore-forming bacterium. Stomatococcus species are commonly found in the environment, including soil, water, and plants. They are also known to be associated with infections in humans and animals. Therefore, S. mucilaginous can be classified as a type of microorganism within the Stomatococcus genus.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Staphylococcus
- A.
Gram positive
- B.
Gram negative
Correct Answer
A. Gram positiveExplanation
Staphylococcus is a genus of bacteria that is known to be Gram positive. This means that when stained with the Gram stain, these bacteria retain the purple color, indicating that they have a thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall. Gram positive bacteria are generally more susceptible to certain antibiotics and are often associated with infections such as skin and soft tissue infections, as well as some types of pneumonia.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Staphylococcus
- A.
Grape-like clusters
- B.
Long chains
Correct Answer
A. Grape-like clustersExplanation
Staphylococcus is a type of bacteria that is known for its characteristic arrangement in grape-like clusters. This arrangement is due to the bacteria dividing in multiple planes and remaining attached to each other. In contrast, bacteria that form long chains typically belong to the genus Streptococcus. Therefore, the given correct answer of "grape-like clusters" accurately describes the arrangement of Staphylococcus bacteria.Rate this question:
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