Trivia: A Test On Infection Control! Quiz

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This is the correct answer because HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells. It weakens the immune system over time, making it difficult for the body to fight off infections and diseases. HIV is transmitted through certain body fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. It can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing needles or syringes, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. HIV can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) if left untreated.

Mitosis is the correct answer because it refers to the process of cell division where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the genetic material is equally distributed between the daughter cells, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. This process is crucial for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in multicellular organisms. Splitting and migrating do not accurately describe the process of cell division, making them incorrect options.

Pathogenic bacteria are the type of bacteria that cause diseases in plants or animals. They have the ability to invade and multiply within the host organism, leading to various harmful effects and symptoms. These bacteria can produce toxins, damage tissues, and interfere with the normal functioning of the host's immune system. Therefore, pathogenic bacteria are responsible for causing diseases and infections in both plants and animals.

An infection occurs when disease-causing bacteria invade body tissues. This invasion can lead to various symptoms and health issues. Infections can range from mild to severe, depending on the type of bacteria involved and the body's immune response. It is important to treat infections promptly to prevent complications and further spread of the bacteria. A local infection refers to an infection that is confined to a specific area of the body, whereas a general infection can spread throughout the body.

AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. This term refers to a condition where the immune system of an individual becomes severely weakened, making them susceptible to various infections and diseases. It is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which attacks and destroys the immune system cells. This results in a compromised ability to fight off infections and diseases, leading to the development of AIDS.

Slpirilla is described as a spiral shape. This means that it has a curved or coiled form, similar to a spiral staircase or a snail's shell. Unlike a round shape, which is symmetrical and without any angles or curves, a spiral shape has a distinct pattern that continuously winds around a central point. Therefore, the correct answer for the shape of Slpirilla is spiral.

Bacteria are classified as one-celled microorganisms because they consist of a single cell. Unlike multicellular organisms, bacteria do not have specialized cells or complex structures. They are simple, single-celled organisms that can reproduce independently. Bacteria exhibit characteristics of both plants and animals, such as the ability to obtain energy through photosynthesis (like plants) or by consuming organic matter (like animals). Their single-celled nature allows them to be versatile and adapt to various environments.

Hepatitis is the correct answer because it is a disease characterized by inflammation of the liver caused by a bloodborne virus. AIDS and HIV are not directly related to inflammation of the liver, but rather refer to a different viral infection that affects the immune system.

Nonpathogenic bacteria refers to bacteria that are not capable of causing disease or harm to humans or other organisms. These bacteria can be beneficial or harmless, and they often play important roles in various ecological processes. They can be found in our environment, on our skin, and in our bodies, aiding in digestion, producing vitamins, and competing with harmful bacteria for resources. Nonpathogenic bacteria are generally considered safe and can even be used in medical and industrial applications, such as probiotics and bioremediation.

Acute diseases are characterized by a sudden and rapid onset of symptoms, which are usually severe. These diseases have a short duration, typically lasting for a few days or weeks. Unlike chronic diseases that persist for a longer time, acute diseases resolve quickly, either with treatment or on their own. Therefore, acute is the correct answer as it accurately describes a disease with rapid onset, severe symptoms, and a short course of duration.

HIV and hepatitis are called bloodborne pathogens because they are transmitted through contact with infected blood. This means that these pathogens can be spread through activities such as sharing needles, receiving blood transfusions with contaminated blood, or having unprotected sex with an infected individual. It is important to take precautions to prevent the transmission of bloodborne pathogens, such as using sterile needles, practicing safe sex, and following proper procedures for handling and disposing of blood and other bodily fluids.

Diplococci is the correct answer because certain species of bacteria that are shaped like pairs of cocci, or spherical cells, can cause pneumonia. These bacteria include Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, and Neisseria meningitidis, which can cause a severe form of pneumonia known as meningococcal pneumonia. Staphylococci are not typically associated with causing pneumonia.