Childhood Immunization! Basic Questions Quiz

Explanation
Polio is the correct answer because the other vaccines listed (MMR, DTaP, Hep A) are typically given within the first few years of a child's life, while the polio vaccine is typically given in multiple doses between 2 months and 6 years of age. This vaccination schedule helps to protect against the poliovirus, which can cause paralysis and other serious complications.

Explanation
The correct answer is Meningococcal. Meningococcal vaccine is recommended for children between the ages of 9 months and 6 years, as well as for children aged 11-12 years. It helps protect against meningococcal disease, which is a serious bacterial infection that can cause meningitis and sepsis. The vaccine is also recommended as a booster at 16 years of age to provide continued protection.

Explanation
The given answer, Hep B, is correct because Hepatitis B is a vaccine that is typically given to infants within the first 24 hours after birth. It is also recommended for all infants to receive additional doses at 1-2 months and 6-18 months of age to ensure long-term protection against the virus. Therefore, Hep B is the appropriate vaccine to be given during the specified age range of 1-2 months and 6-18 months.

Explanation
The Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine is recommended for infants starting at 2 months of age. Hib is a bacteria that can cause serious infections, including meningitis, pneumonia, and bloodstream infections. The vaccine helps protect against these infections by stimulating the body's immune system to produce antibodies against the bacteria. It is given as a series of doses, typically at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, with a final dose between 12-15 months.

Explanation
DTaP stands for Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis. It is a vaccine that is given to infants and young children to protect them against these three diseases. Diphtheria is a bacterial infection that can cause severe throat and breathing problems. Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is caused by a bacterial toxin and can lead to muscle stiffness and spasms. Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory infection that can cause severe coughing fits. The DTaP vaccine is typically given in a series of doses starting at 2 months of age, with additional doses given at 4 and 6 months, and booster shots given at 4-6 years and 11-12 years.

Explanation
The correct answer is MMR and Varicella because these are the vaccines recommended for children between the ages of 12-15 months and 4-6 years. MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) vaccine protects against these three diseases, while Varicella vaccine protects against chickenpox. These vaccines are important in preventing the spread of these diseases and ensuring the child's health and well-being. The other vaccines listed (Hep A, Hib, HPV) may be recommended at different ages or for different risk groups, but they are not specifically indicated for the age groups mentioned in the question.

Explanation
Hepatitis A is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is commonly transmitted through contaminated food or water, and can cause symptoms such as fever, fatigue, nausea, and jaundice. Vaccination against Hepatitis A is recommended for children between the ages of 12 and 23 months to protect them from this potentially serious illness. The other diseases listed (polio, rotavirus, and influenza) may also have vaccines recommended for this age group, but in this case, Hepatitis A is the correct answer.