Image Quality

If mAs is lowered by 50% (halved), KVP is ________

• Lowered 15%

• Increased 15%

The temperature the developing chemical is kept at during developing. Maximum contrast is obtained at the recommended development temperature.

• Fluoroscopy

• Tomography

• Intensifying screen

• Film

• Developing temperature

Effective focal spot (EFS)

• The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane

• Distance from x-ray head to cassette

• The focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor

• Distance from the object to the cassette

A continuous image of the motion of internal structures while the x-ray tube is energized.

• Fluoroscopy

• Tomography

• Intensifying screen

• Film

• Developing temperature

What is an example of a high contrast procedure that tomography can be applied to?(as said on sheet)

• Calcified kidney stones

• Prostatectomy

• Orchiectomy

• Lobotomy

Millampere and time (seconds) combined is used as one factor in radiographic technique. The Milliamperes (mAs) determine the number of x-rays in the primary beam.

• True

• False

Motion

• The effective target area is the focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor

• The reciprocal of the exposure in roentgens needed to produce a density of 1

• Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light

• The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane

Resemble flexible sheets of plastic or cardboard and are manufactured in sizes corresponding to the size of the film. The screen acts as an amplifier of the remnant radiation reaching the film.

• Fluoroscopy

• Tomography

• Intensifying screen

• Film

• Developing temperature

Screen speed

• The reciprocal of the exposure in roentgens needed to produce a density of 1

• Used in reference to intensifying screen: Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light.

• The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane

• Distance from the object to the cassette

Different absorption by organs or bones leads to different kv.

• True

• False

Source-to-image receptor distance (SID)

• Distance from the object to the cassette

• Focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor

• Distance from source (x-ray head) to cassette

• Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light.

Object-to-image receptor distance (OID)

• The effective area is the focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor

• Distance from x-ray head to cassette

• The relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light

• Distance from the object to the cassette

If mAs is doubled, than kvp must be

• Lowered 15%

• Increased 15%

Made up of silver-halide crystals, emulsion and a base that reacts when penetrating beam hits the film causing photoelectric interaction between the crystals.

• Fluoroscopy

• Tomography

• Intensifying screen

• Film

• Developing temperature

What is the principal advantage of tomography?

• Permanent images are made with little interruption of the examination

• Less blur

• Improved contrast resolution

• Cheaper

Designed to bring into focus only the anatomy lying in a plane of interest while blurring structures on either side of the plane.

• Fluoroscopy

• Tomography

• Intensifying screen

• Film

• Developing temperature

Example for mAs being halved (lowered by 50%) 250 mAs @ 64 KVP = 125 mAs @ __ KVP Put in number only.

What is one of those effects?

• Screen speed

• Filtration

• Disintegration

• Film speed

With fluoroscopy, permanent images can be made with little interruption of the examination. What is this referred to?

• High speed film

• Transradiographic film

• Spot film

• Quick capture film

Film speed

• Speed of a film is the reciprocal of the exposure in roentgens needed to produce a density of 1

• Used in reference to intensifying screen: Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light.

• The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane

• A measure of distance from the object to the cassette

Lower kv with higher screen speed decreases contrast.

• True

• False

To calculate the mAs and kv needed to lower patient exposure and maintain radiographic density, one must use the ____ (when given specific values)

• Rule of 70s

• 50/15

• 15/45

• 60/20

How many methods are used to control motion blur?

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

Example for mAs being doubled100 mAs @70 KVP = 200 mAs @ __ KVPPut in number only.

What is the use of the video monitor as according to the sheet?

• More sterile procedure

• More than one person can see it

• Less invasive

• Recorded procedure

One method used to control motion blur is to use exposures that are short as possible, generally with intensifying screens of adequate speed. What are the other two?

• Careful suspension of the respirations with sand bags or compression band

• By suspension of respirations when examining parts other than limbs

• By suspension of respirations when examining the limbs

• Careful mobilization of the camera with sand bags or compression band

• Careful mobilization of the part with sand bags or compression band

How many effects of kvp on radiographic contrast are there?

• 5

• 2

• 4

• 3

• 6

Kilovolt (KV)controls the penetration of the x-ray beam. The higher the kv, the more powerful the beam.1 kilovolt equals 100 volts of electricity.

• True

• False

How many factors affect radiographic density?

• 5

• 3

• 2

• 4

• 6

What are the two factors that affect radiographic density??

• Time, film speed

• Distance, exposure

• Time distance

• Film speed, exposure

• Distance, film speed

The larger the tomographic angle, ____________

• The wider the section

• The better the contrast

• The blurrier the image

• The thinner the section

Three of the factors affecting radiographic detail areIntensifying screenSource-to-image (SID)Object-to-image (OID)What are the other two?

• Time

• Density.

• Motion

• Distance

• Focal spot