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An overview of some of the aspects of x-rays. This includes, tomography, fluoroscopy, and several other things. Designed for the urology technician.
- 1.Designed to bring into focus only the anatomy lying in a plane of interest while blurring structures on either side of the plane.
- A.
Fluoroscopy
- B.
Tomography
- C.
Intensifying screen
- D.
Film
- E.
Developing temperature
- 2.Resemble flexible sheets of plastic or cardboard and are manufactured in sizes corresponding to the size of the film. The screen acts as an amplifier of the remnant radiation reaching the film.
- A.
Fluoroscopy
- B.
Tomography
- C.
Intensifying screen
- D.
Film
- E.
Developing temperature
- 3.A continuous image of the motion of internal structures while the x-ray tube is energized.
- A.
Fluoroscopy
- B.
Tomography
- C.
Intensifying screen
- D.
Film
- E.
Developing temperature
- 4.Made up of silver-halide crystals, emulsion and a base that reacts when penetrating beam hits the film causing photoelectric interaction between the crystals.
- A.
Fluoroscopy
- B.
Tomography
- C.
Intensifying screen
- D.
Film
- E.
Developing temperature
- 5.The temperature the developing chemical is kept at during developing. Maximum contrast is obtained at the recommended development temperature.
- A.
Fluoroscopy
- B.
Tomography
- C.
Intensifying screen
- D.
Film
- E.
Developing temperature
- 6.What is the principal advantage of tomography?
- A.
Permanent images are made with little interruption of the examination
- B.
Less blur
- C.
Improved contrast resolution
- D.
Cheaper
- 7.What is an example of a high contrast procedure that tomography can be applied to?(as said on sheet)
- A.
Calcified kidney stones
- B.
Prostatectomy
- C.
Orchiectomy
- D.
Lobotomy
- 8.The larger the tomographic angle, ____________
- A.
The wider the section
- B.
The better the contrast
- C.
The blurrier the image
- D.
The thinner the section
- 9.The fluoroscope is used for the examination of moving internal structures and fluids.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.With fluoroscopy, permanent images can be made with little interruption of the examination. What is this referred to?
- A.
High speed film
- B.
Transradiographic film
- C.
Spot film
- D.
Quick capture film
- 11.What is the use of the video monitor as according to the sheet?
- A.
More sterile procedure
- B.
More than one person can see it
- C.
Less invasive
- D.
Recorded procedure
- 12.Motion
- A.
The effective target area is the focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor
- B.
The reciprocal of the exposure in roentgens needed to produce a density of 1
- C.
Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light
- D.
The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane
- 13.Source-to-image receptor distance (SID)
- A.
Distance from the object to the cassette
- B.
Focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor
- C.
Distance from source (x-ray head) to cassette
- D.
Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light.
- 14.Film speed
- A.
Speed of a film is the reciprocal of the exposure in roentgens needed to produce a density of 1
- B.
Used in reference to intensifying screen: Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light.
- C.
The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane
- D.
A measure of distance from the object to the cassette
- 15.Object-to-image receptor distance (OID)
- A.
The effective area is the focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor
- B.
Distance from x-ray head to cassette
- C.
The relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light
- D.
Distance from the object to the cassette
- 16.Screen speed
- A.
The reciprocal of the exposure in roentgens needed to produce a density of 1
- B.
Used in reference to intensifying screen: Relative number used to identify the efficiency of conversion of x-ray to usable light.
- C.
The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane
- D.
Distance from the object to the cassette
- 17.Effective focal spot (EFS)
- A.
The blurring of anatomic structures lying outside the object plane
- B.
Distance from x-ray head to cassette
- C.
The focal spot projected onto the patient and image receptor
- D.
Distance from the object to the cassette
- 18.Millampere and time (seconds) combined is used as one factor in radiographic technique. The Milliamperes (mAs) determine the number of x-rays in the primary beam.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 19.Kilovolt (KV)controls the penetration of the x-ray beam. The higher the kv, the more powerful the beam.1 kilovolt equals 100 volts of electricity.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 20.How many methods are used to control motion blur?
- A.
2
- B.
3
- C.
4
- D.
5
- 21.One method used to control motion blur is to use exposures that are short as possible, generally with intensifying screens of adequate speed. What are the other two?
- A.
Careful suspension of the respirations with sand bags or compression band
- B.
By suspension of respirations when examining parts other than limbs
- C.
By suspension of respirations when examining the limbs
- D.
Careful mobilization of the camera with sand bags or compression band
- E.
Careful mobilization of the part with sand bags or compression band
- 22.Three of the factors affecting radiographic detail areIntensifying screenSource-to-image (SID)Object-to-image (OID)What are the other two?
- A.
Time
- B.
Density.
- C.
Motion
- D.
Distance
- E.
Focal spot
- 23.How many factors affect radiographic density?
- A.
5
- B.
3
- C.
2
- D.
4
- E.
6
- 24.What are the two factors that affect radiographic density??
- A.
Time, film speed
- B.
Distance, exposure
- C.
Time distance
- D.
Film speed, exposure
- E.
Distance, film speed
- 25.How many effects of kvp on radiographic contrast are there?
- A.
5
- B.
2
- C.
4
- D.
3
- E.
6
- 26.What is one of those effects?
- A.
Screen speed
- B.
Filtration
- C.
Disintegration
- D.
Film speed
- 27.Lower kv with higher screen speed decreases contrast.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 28.Different absorption by organs or bones leads to different kv.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 29.To calculate the mAs and kv needed to lower patient exposure and maintain radiographic density, one must use the ____ (when given specific values)
- A.
Rule of 70s
- B.
50/15
- C.
15/45
- D.
60/20
- 30.If mAs is doubled, than kvp must be
- A.
Lowered 15%
- B.
Increased 15%
- 31.If mAs is lowered by 50% (halved), KVP is ________
- A.
Lowered 15%
- B.
Increased 15%
- 32.Example for mAs being doubled100 mAs @70 KVP = 200 mAs @ __ KVPPut in number only.
- 33.Example for mAs being halved (lowered by 50%) 250 mAs @ 64 KVP = 125 mAs @ __ KVP Put in number only.
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