Human Biology Exam Quiz assesses knowledge on cellular reproduction stages, mitosis, meiosis, and DNA structure. It evaluates understanding of fundamental biological processes and genetic information handling, crucial for students and professionals in biological sciences.
Eliminate one chromosome of each pair.
Cause the cell to grow before cytokinesis.
Allow separation of the chromatids of each chromosomes.
Make more DNA before telophase.
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Will have 3 nuclei.
Will divide three times in meiosis rather than the normal two divisions.
Has 3 chromosomes of one pair, rather than 2.
Has 3 complete sets of chromosomes.
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The first nitrogenous base triplet AUG of an mRNA molecule.
The nitrogenous bases ABC.
The first exon in a mRNA molecule.
The first nitrogenous base A of an mRNA molecule.
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U U C G C A A C U G U
U U C G C U U C U G U
T T C G C U U C U G U
U U G C G U U C U G U
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Determine the chromosome complement of the embryo (i.e. to count chromosomes
Change the sex of the embryo.
Determine whether the embryo is alive.
Insert genes into the embryo.
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1
2
3
Both 1 and 3 are the start codons.
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Are haploid.
Are diploid.
Are merging together due to cytokinesis.
Are in the G2 phase of cellular reproduction.
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Meiosis produces only gametes.
Any body cell can undergo meiosis.
DNA undergoes replication twice, once before the first division and once before the second division.
After the first division, the two daughter cells are still diploid.
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1/4
2/4
3/4
9/16
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1
2
3
4
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Inversion of genes C, D and E.
Non-disjunction of genes C, D and E.
Duplication of genes C, D and E.
Translocation of genes C, D and E.
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A
B
C
D
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Attachment of an anticodon with a codon.
Formation of tRNA.
Covalent bonding of two amino acids.
Removing the first Met (methionine) of a newly synthesized protein.
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Bonds between the P's of the two backbones hold the two DNA strands together.
Each sugar phosphate backbone (rails of the ladder) has the following structure: P - P - S - P - P - S - P - P - S - P - P - S - P - P
A nitrogenous base (A, C, G, or T) is attached to the S of the backbones.
Purines are found in only one strand of the DNA molecule because of the shape of purines.
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9:3:3:1
1:1:1:1
1:2:1
3:1
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Occurs during both mitosis and interphase of meiosis.
Occurs during meiosis only.
Means that chromosomes cross over the center equatorial line.
Is another name for DNA replication during interphase.
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Exons are really tRNA before the anti-codon is added.
Introns are the portions of RNA that are saved, or included, to form the final mRNA molecule.
An Intron is also called a codon. The two are the same thing.
Introns are the portion(s) of RNA that are removed, or excluded, from the final mRNA molecule.
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Both members of a chromosome pair will be replicated.
Both members of a chromosome pair will attach to the spindle.
The mother cell will end up with four times the amount of DNA after Interphase has occurred.
There is only one Interphase in each cell reproductive cycle.
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C, because there cannot be four A's in a row.
It is not possible to predict what will occur at X.
U, because RNA is being produced.
T, because this is DNA.
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1 pair of chromosomes
1 chromosome with 2 chromatids
1 chromosome
A small polar body instead of chromosome(s)
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RR x rr
RR x Rr
Rr x Rr
RR x RR x rr
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Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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1 pair of chromosomes
1 chromosome
4 DNA molecules
2 chromatids
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Will contain both an X and a Y in the same sperm. Whichever chromosome is used from this type of sperm will determine the sex of the offspring.
May contain either an X or a Y but not both.
Contain only a Y because the sons will all get the Y.
Will become a polar body if it contains an X.
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Do both chromosomes of a pair attach to each other and take on the form an X like structure, as shown in the diagram.
Does a cell ever contain only one chromosome of a pair, as shown in the diagram.
Does DNA replicate during a prophase, as shown in the diagram.
Does a cell ever contain only one chromatid, as shown in the diagram.
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IAIB x ii
IAIa x IbIb
IAi x IBi
IAIB x IAIB
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AA
Ab
AB
Ab
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Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
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Be considered a diploid cell.
Be in the G1 phase of cellular reproduction.
Be in either the G1 and G2 phases of cellular reproduction.
Have moved directly into anaphase from prophase.
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One chromosome of each pair is found in each cell.
Crossing over has occurred.
Both members of a pair are in the form of an X like structure, as shown in the diagram.
One pair of chromosomes are found in one cell, the other pair in the other cell.
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This cell shows polyploidy.
The cell is the product of a normal gamete and a gamete in which non-disjunction of the small chromosome occurred.
This zygote formed because of crossing over in the yellow pair of chromosomes.
The cell is the product of a normal gamete and a gamete formed by gene duplication.
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Either change could be due to an inversion.
Neither change could happen.
Either change represents a gain of genetic material.
Either change represents a lost of genetic material.
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Replication of DNA
G2
S Phase
Prophase of the next division
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Will undergo meiosis.
Is a gamete in which non-disjunction of chromosome 23 has occurred.
Is probably from a woman.
Could be a fertilized egg.
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Multiple alleles
Co-dominance
Incomplete dominance
Both multiple alleles and co-dominance
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E
P
A
TRNA may enter either the P or the A site, but usually the A.
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6
8
10
20
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All codons code for an amino acid.
The first three amino acids. when synthesizing a protein, are always Methionine-glycine-glycine.
The first amino acid, when synthesizing a protein is always methionine.
An amino acid will have only one codon which codes for it.
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Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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The two members of a pair of chromosomes become located in different gametes.
All genes segregate to new chromosomes during meiosis.
The chromosomes that were from the person’s mother stay together in the same gamete when the person undergoes meiosis.
All dominant genes segregate from all recessive genes.
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AA x aa
Aa x AA
Aa x Aa
Aa x Aa
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1
2
3
4
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1 pair of chromosomes
1 chromosome
2 DNA molecules
1 chromatid
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The cell contains 4 DNA molecules.
The cell contains 8 DNA molecules.
The cell contains 12 chromatids, each arm of a chromosome is a chromatid.
The cell contains 8 chromosomes.
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Every purine is shaped as a single ring.
Every purine of one strand is hydrogen bonded to a pyrimidine of the other strand.
The two strands are held together by three hydrogen bonds between each of the bases of a base pair.
DNA is allowed to have purine-purine base pairs if they come next to a pyrimidine-pyrimidine base pair.
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1
2
3
4
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A codon is three nitrogenous bases in a row of a DNA molecule.
A codon is three nitrogenous bases in a row at the end of a tRNA molecule.
A codon is three amino acids in a row in a protein.
A codon is three nitrogenous bases in a row of an RNA molecule.
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The genes A and B, as pictured, will be found in the same gamete after meiosis.
The genes A B and a b are linked.
The chromosomes, as pictured, have been replicated already for mitosis.
The genes A and b cannot ever be on the same chromosome.
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