Forensic Medicine Quiz Questions

Chemical thermometer is used for this.

Thanatology is the study of death. It involves examining the physical, psychological, and social aspects of death, as well as the cultural and spiritual beliefs surrounding it. This field of study explores topics such as grief, mourning rituals, funeral practices, and the process of dying. Thanatology aims to understand the impact of death on individuals and society, and to provide support and guidance to those who are experiencing loss or facing their own mortality.

Locard's exchange principle states that when there is contact between two items, there will be an exchange of materials. This principle is often applied in forensic science, where it is believed that every contact leaves a trace. It suggests that during a crime, the perpetrator will leave behind evidence at the crime scene and also take away evidence with them. This principle emphasizes the importance of thoroughly examining and analyzing the trace evidence left behind to link individuals to a crime.

Cadaveric spasm is the correct answer because it refers to a condition where the muscles of a dead body remain in a state of violent contraction. This condition occurs prior to death and continues even after death. It is difficult to break this condition, indicating that the muscles are stiff and rigid. Gas stiffening and cold stiffening are not accurate explanations for this phenomenon. Rigor mortis, while similar to cadaveric spasm, refers specifically to the stiffening of muscles after death due to chemical changes in the body.

shattered windshield glass will produce this.

Rigor mortis is the stiffening of the muscles that occurs after death. It is a natural process that begins a few hours after death and lasts for a certain period of time. However, in the case of a fetus below 7 months of age, rigor mortis does not develop. This is because the muscles of a fetus are not fully developed and do not have the same ability to contract and stiffen as the muscles of a fully developed body. Therefore, the statement that rigor mortis does not develop in a fetus below 7 months of age is true.

Mees' lines in the nails and raindrop pigmentation of the skin are characteristic symptoms of arsenic poisoning. Arsenic is a toxic element that can be found in various sources, including contaminated water, certain foods, and industrial processes. When arsenic enters the body, it can cause a range of symptoms, including skin discoloration and changes in the nails. Mees' lines are horizontal white bands that appear on the nails, while raindrop pigmentation refers to small, dark spots on the skin. Therefore, arsenic is the correct answer in this case.

The statement is false because coroner's inquests are not conducted in Mumbai. A coroner's inquest is a legal process where a coroner investigates the cause and circumstances of a person's death. In India, coroner's inquests are not a common practice and are not conducted in Mumbai or any other city. Instead, the cause of death is usually determined by a medical professional or through a police investigation.

Gettler's test is a method used to determine if a person has died from drowning. It involves examining the lungs for the presence of diatoms, which are microscopic algae found in water. If diatoms are found in the lungs, it indicates that the person was alive at the time of submersion and therefore likely died from drowning. This test is useful in cases where the cause of death is unclear or when there is suspicion of foul play.

Magnan's symptom or tactile hallucinations are characteristic of cocaine use. Tactile hallucinations refer to the perception of physical sensations that are not actually present. This can include sensations like bugs crawling on the skin or a feeling of something crawling under the skin. Cocaine use can cause these hallucinations as a result of its stimulant effects on the central nervous system. It can disrupt the normal functioning of neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to altered perceptions and sensations. Alcohol, cannabis, and benzodiazepines are not typically associated with Magnan's symptom or tactile hallucinations.

Rigor mortis is the stiffening of muscles after death due to a lack of ATP. This process starts within a few hours and gradually spreads throughout the body. The heart is a vital organ that continuously contracts and relaxes, requiring a high amount of ATP. Therefore, it is logical to assume that the heart would be one of the first internal organs to exhibit rigor mortis. The eye and ear do not have muscles that would undergo this process, making them less likely candidates.

The Spalding sign refers to the separation of the cranial bones in a newborn due to maceration, which is the softening and breakdown of the skin and tissues caused by prolonged exposure to moisture. This can occur in stillborn infants or those who have been in a watery environment for an extended period of time, such as during a prolonged labor or in cases of intrauterine death. The separation of the cranial bones is a result of the breakdown of the connective tissue between them, leading to the characteristic Spalding sign.

Phosphorus is the correct answer because it is known to be illuminous, translucent, and waxy. Phosphorus is a chemical element that can exist in several forms, including a white phosphorus that emits a faint glow in the dark. It is also translucent, allowing light to pass through, and has a waxy texture. In contrast, iodine, ammonium bromide, and ammonium chloride do not possess these characteristics.

The Burtonian line is a characteristic blue line that appears on the gums of individuals who have been poisoned with lead. Lead poisoning occurs when lead accumulates in the body over time, often through exposure to contaminated water, soil, or paint. The presence of the Burtonian line is a visible indication of lead poisoning and can help doctors diagnose and treat the condition.

The first permanent teeth to appear are the first molars. These teeth typically erupt around the age of 6, before any other permanent teeth. They are located at the back of the mouth and are important for chewing and grinding food. The central and lateral incisors and canines are also permanent teeth, but they usually erupt after the first molars.

Pralidoxime (P2AM) should not be used in carbamates poisoning because it is only effective in treating organophosphorous poisoning. Carbamates are a different class of pesticides that inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, similar to organophosphates, but pralidoxime does not have the same efficacy in reversing the effects of carbamates. Therefore, it is important to use alternative treatments specific to carbamates poisoning.

Based on the symptoms described, including dry mouth, hot skin, dilated pupils, staggering gait, and slurred speech, the most probable diagnosis is Dhatura poisoning. Dhatura is a plant that contains toxic substances called tropane alkaloids, which can cause hallucinations, confusion, delirium, and other neurological symptoms. These symptoms align with the individual's irrelevant speech and altered motor function. Organophosphorous and carbamates poisoning typically present with different symptoms, such as excessive sweating, excessive salivation, and muscle twitching. Alcohol intoxication may cause similar symptoms, but the combination of dry mouth, hot skin, dilated pupils, and staggering gait is more indicative of Dhatura poisoning.

McEwan's Sign refers to the transient dilation of the pupils when the skin of the face or neck is pinched. This phenomenon is commonly observed in cases of alcohol poisoning. Alcohol poisoning occurs when an individual consumes a large amount of alcohol in a short period, leading to a toxic buildup in the body. One of the effects of alcohol poisoning is the impairment of the autonomic nervous system, which can cause abnormal pupil responses such as dilation. Therefore, the presence of McEwan's Sign suggests alcohol poisoning as the likely cause.

sui poisoning resembles viper bite !

The period of mixed dentition refers to the time when a child has a combination of both primary (baby) teeth and permanent (adult) teeth in their mouth. This typically occurs between the ages of 6 and 11 years. During this period, the primary teeth start to fall out and are gradually replaced by permanent teeth. This is an important stage in dental development as it marks the transition from baby teeth to adult teeth.

Chromodacryorrhea refers to the excessive tearing or lacrimation, which can be seen in certain conditions. In this case, the correct answer is organophosphorous poisoning. Organophosphorous compounds are commonly used in pesticides and insecticides. When ingested or exposed to these compounds, they can lead to various symptoms including excessive tearing. This is due to the toxic effects of organophosphorous compounds on the nervous system, specifically on the parasympathetic nervous system, which controls tear production. Therefore, chromodacryorrhea is a characteristic feature of organophosphorous poisoning.

In Gustafson's method of identification, transparency of root is considered the most reliable criteria. This means that the root of the tooth becomes more translucent as a person ages. This transparency is caused by the loss of dentin and the decrease in the number of dentinal tubules. By examining the level of transparency in the root, dental professionals can estimate the age of an individual. This method is often used in forensic dentistry to determine the age of unidentified human remains.

1897 at kolkatta

Gas liquid chromatography is the most reliable method for estimating blood alcohol level because it provides accurate and precise measurements. It separates and analyzes the different components of a sample, allowing for the quantification of alcohol content. This technique is widely used in forensic laboratories and is considered the gold standard for alcohol analysis due to its high sensitivity and specificity. It can detect and measure low levels of alcohol in blood samples, making it a highly reliable method for estimating blood alcohol level.

The boy has a total of 28 teeth, which is the typical number of permanent teeth in a child. By the age of 11, most children have already lost their temporary teeth and have all their permanent teeth. Therefore, the boy's age is more likely to be 11 years.

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Priapism is a condition characterized by persistent and painful erections that can last for several hours. It is commonly associated with cantharide poisoning, which occurs when someone ingests or comes into contact with the venomous substance produced by blister beetles. Cantharidin, the active ingredient in cantharides, can cause severe irritation and inflammation of the genitourinary tract, leading to priapism. Snakebite, lead poisoning, and arsenic poisoning do not typically cause priapism.

Teichmann's test is a chemical test used to detect the presence of blood. It involves the formation of hemin crystals when blood is mixed with sodium chloride and glacial acetic acid. H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) is not used in this test. Therefore, the correct answer is Teichmann's test.

Malathion is an alkyl phosphate