Food And Nutrition 3rd Edition - Chapter 29 Testbank
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The Food and Nutrition testbanks consist of multiple choice questions that test your knowledge of the topics covered in the book. You can use these questions to check your understanding as you read through each chapter, or practise for your exam.
- 1.
Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue due to:
- A.
It being a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly
- B.
The projected increase in associated fractures expected to occur worldwide in the coming years
- C.
The extensive costs involved in preventing the condition
- D.
A and b
- E.
A, b and c
Correct Answer
D. A and bExplanation
Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue because it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. This means that it greatly affects the health and well-being of older individuals, leading to increased illness and death rates. Additionally, there is a projected increase in associated fractures expected to occur worldwide in the coming years. This means that the number of fractures related to osteoporosis is expected to rise, further highlighting the importance of addressing this issue.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The recent dramatic increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis in several Asian countries is most likely due to:
- A.
The increasing ageing population
- B.
A traditional diet low in calcium
- C.
Decreased weight bearing activity due to urbanisation
- D.
Increased consumption of meat and soft-drink
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The recent dramatic increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis in several Asian countries is most likely due to all of the above factors. The increasing ageing population contributes to a higher number of people at risk for osteoporosis. A traditional diet low in calcium can lead to a deficiency in this essential nutrient, which is important for bone health. Decreased weight bearing activity due to urbanization means less physical stress on the bones, leading to bone loss. Increased consumption of meat and soft drinks can negatively affect bone health due to their high levels of phosphorus and caffeine, which can interfere with calcium absorption.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In the bone remodelling process:
- A.
Bone is resorbed by osteoblasts
- B.
New bone is synthesised and secreted by osteoclasts
- C.
Parathyroid hormone inhibits bone resorption
- D.
Oestrogen counters the resorption action of parathyroid hormone
- E.
Resorption and replacement of bone tissue occurs over a two week period
Correct Answer
D. Oestrogen counters the resorption action of parathyroid hormoneExplanation
Oestrogen counters the resorption action of parathyroid hormone. Oestrogen is known to have a protective effect on bone density by inhibiting bone resorption. Parathyroid hormone, on the other hand, stimulates bone resorption by activating osteoclasts. Therefore, oestrogen acts as a counterbalance to the resorption action of parathyroid hormone, helping to maintain bone density and prevent excessive bone loss.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A slow loss of bone mass begins in both males and females around the ages of:
- A.
35-40 years
- B.
17-18 years
- C.
70+ years
- D.
25 years
- E.
30 years
Correct Answer
A. 35-40 yearsExplanation
Around the ages of 35-40 years, both males and females start experiencing a slow loss of bone mass. This is due to a natural process called bone remodeling, where old bone is broken down and replaced with new bone. As individuals age, the rate of bone loss exceeds the rate of bone formation, leading to a gradual decrease in bone density. This loss of bone mass can eventually lead to conditions such as osteoporosis, which increases the risk of fractures and other bone-related problems.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following foods is not a good source of calcium:
- A.
Cheddar cheese
- B.
Kale
- C.
Cream
- D.
Sardines
- E.
Yoghurt
Correct Answer
C. CreamExplanation
Cream is not a good source of calcium because it is a high-fat dairy product that has been processed and stripped of most of its calcium content. While cream may contain small amounts of calcium, it is not a significant source compared to other options listed. Cheddar cheese, kale, sardines, and yogurt are all better sources of calcium as they have higher calcium content and are more readily absorbed by the body.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Public health campaigns which aim to increase peak bone mass are more likely to be effective if they target:
- A.
Pregnant women
- B.
Teenage girls
- C.
Post-menopausal women
- D.
Adolescent males
- E.
Elderly men
Correct Answer
B. Teenage girlsExplanation
Public health campaigns that aim to increase peak bone mass are more likely to be effective if they target teenage girls. This is because adolescence is a critical period for bone development, and the majority of peak bone mass is achieved during this time. By targeting teenage girls, these campaigns can promote healthy lifestyle habits such as a calcium-rich diet and regular exercise, which are essential for optimizing bone health. Additionally, targeting teenage girls can have long-term benefits as they transition into adulthood and face the risk of osteoporosis later in life.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Low calcium intake coupled with high consumption of ____ may reduce skeletal accumulation of calcium.
- A.
Soft drink
- B.
Chocolate
- C.
Cream
- D.
Chewing gum
- E.
Hamburgers
Correct Answer
A. Soft drinkExplanation
Low calcium intake coupled with high consumption of soft drinks may reduce skeletal accumulation of calcium. Soft drinks, especially those that are carbonated and contain phosphoric acid, can interfere with the absorption of calcium in the body. This can lead to a decrease in calcium levels in the bones, which can contribute to reduced skeletal accumulation of calcium.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Mrs Jones is a 65 year old woman. Her risk of osteoporosis is greater if she is:
- A.
A healthy weight for her height
- B.
Underweight for her height
- C.
A little overweight
- D.
Obese
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Underweight for her heightExplanation
Being underweight for her height increases Mrs. Jones' risk of osteoporosis because low body weight can lead to lower bone density and increased bone loss. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, and individuals who are underweight often have less bone mass, making them more susceptible to fractures and osteoporosis. Therefore, being underweight is a risk factor for osteoporosis in Mrs. Jones' case.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Bone and dental health is least likely to be affected by inadequate intake of:
- A.
Calcium
- B.
Vitamin D
- C.
Vitamin K
- D.
Vitamin C
- E.
A, b and c
Correct Answer
E. A, b and cExplanation
Bone and dental health are least likely to be affected by inadequate intake of calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K. These nutrients play crucial roles in maintaining healthy bones and teeth. Calcium is essential for the formation and strength of bones and teeth, while vitamin D helps with calcium absorption. Vitamin K is involved in bone metabolism and helps in the production of proteins necessary for bone health. On the other hand, inadequate intake of vitamin C can lead to weakened connective tissues, including the collagen in bones and teeth, affecting their health.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Bone mass density is affected positively by the consumption of :
- A.
Bananas
- B.
Spinach
- C.
Processed meats
- D.
Coffee
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Processed meatsExplanation
Processed meats are not a source of nutrients that positively affect bone mass density. In fact, they may have negative effects on bone health due to their high levels of sodium and preservatives. Foods like bananas and spinach, on the other hand, are rich in nutrients like potassium, vitamin K, and calcium, which are beneficial for bone health. Coffee, when consumed in moderation, has also been associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis. Therefore, the consumption of processed meats does not contribute to an increase in bone mass density.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Bone mass density is affected positively by the consumption of :
- A.
Bananas
- B.
Spinach
- C.
Processed meats
- D.
Coffee
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. BananasExplanation
Bananas are a good source of potassium, which is known to help maintain strong bones. Potassium helps in neutralizing acids in the body, which can lead to the loss of calcium from bones. Therefore, consuming bananas can contribute positively to bone mass density.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue that can be prevented through:
- A.
Calcium supplementation at the first sign of bone mass density loss
- B.
Drinking milk prior to the achievement of peak bone mass
- C.
Enough sunlight
- D.
Adequate intakes of calcium and vitamin D and physical activity across the life cycle
- E.
Adequate weight bearing and resistance activity when women are menopausal
Correct Answer
D. Adequate intakes of calcium and vitamin D and physical activity across the life cycleExplanation
Adequate intakes of calcium and vitamin D and physical activity across the life cycle can help prevent osteoporosis. Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone health and can help maintain bone mass density. Physical activity, especially weight-bearing and resistance exercises, can also help strengthen bones and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. By ensuring sufficient intake of calcium and vitamin D and engaging in regular physical activity throughout life, individuals can reduce their chances of developing osteoporosis.Rate this question:
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Aug 09, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Feb 18, 2011Quiz Created by
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