Anatomy and Physiology of the Larynx: A Comprehensive Quiz

1. What are the 3 unpaired cartilages of the larynx?

Humerus, radius, ulna

Thyroid cricoidepiglottis

Sternum, scapula, clavicle

Trachea, bronchi, esophagus

The larynx consists of 9 cartilages, with the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis being the 3 unpaired cartilages.

Explanation

The larynx consists of 9 cartilages, with the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis being the 3 unpaired cartilages.

2. What are the three paired cartilages of the larynx?

Arytenoidcorniculatecuniformcritical

Epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid

Mandible, maxilla, hyoid

Trachea, bronchi, alveoli

The correct answer includes the arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages which are essential for sound production and vocal cord movement in the larynx.

Explanation

The correct answer includes the arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages which are essential for sound production and vocal cord movement in the larynx.

3. What is the blood supply of the larynx?

Inferior laryngeal artery from the superior thyroid artery from internal carotid

Superior laryngeal artery from the inferior thyroid artery from external carotid

Inferior laryngeal artery from the superior thyroid artery from external carotid

The blood supply of the larynx includes the superior laryngeal artery from the superior thyroid artery from external carotid and the inferior laryngeal artery from the inferior thyroid artery from the thyrocervical trunk.

Explanation

The blood supply of the larynx includes the superior laryngeal artery from the superior thyroid artery from external carotid and the inferior laryngeal artery from the inferior thyroid artery from the thyrocervical trunk.

4. What is the nerve supply of the larynx?

Trigeminal nerve

Sciatic nerve

Facial nerve

Recurrent laryngeal nerve superior laryngeall nerve from the vagus nerve

The larynx receives its nerve supply primarily from the recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve that originates from the vagus nerve. The facial nerve, trigeminal nerve, and sciatic nerve are not directly related to the nerve supply of the larynx.

Explanation

The larynx receives its nerve supply primarily from the recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve that originates from the vagus nerve. The facial nerve, trigeminal nerve, and sciatic nerve are not directly related to the nerve supply of the larynx.

5. What is the difference between intrinsic muscle and extrinsic muscles?

Intrinsic muscles are found in the arms and legs, while extrinsic muscles are found in the neck and back.

Intrinsic muscle have origin and insert within the larynxextrinsic muscles have origin in laryngeal structures but another attachment elsewhere

Extrinsic muscles are responsible for fine movements, while intrinsic muscles are responsible for gross movements.

Intrinsic muscles are larger in size than extrinsic muscles.

Intrinsic muscles are responsible for controlling the shape and tension of the vocal cords, while extrinsic muscles are responsible for controlling the position and movement of the larynx as a whole.

Explanation

Intrinsic muscles are responsible for controlling the shape and tension of the vocal cords, while extrinsic muscles are responsible for controlling the position and movement of the larynx as a whole.

6. What do the intrinsic muscles do?

Dorsiflex and plantarflex

Flex and extend

Abducut and aduct

Pronate and supinate

The intrinsic muscles of the body are mainly responsible for movements like abduction and adduction. Flexion and extension are typically controlled by extrinsic muscles, while pronation and supination are related to the movement of the forearm. Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion generally involve muscles in the lower leg.

Explanation

The intrinsic muscles of the body are mainly responsible for movements like abduction and adduction. Flexion and extension are typically controlled by extrinsic muscles, while pronation and supination are related to the movement of the forearm. Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion generally involve muscles in the lower leg.

7. What way are the vocal processes rooted for adduction and abduction?

Adduction- vocal processes are rotated superiorly and medially, Abduction- vocal processes are rotated medially and inferiorly.

Adduction- vocal processes are rotated inferiorly and medially, Abduction- vocal processes are rotated laterally and superiorly.

Adduction- vocal process are rotated medially and inferiorlyabbduction- vocal processes are rotated superiorly and medially

Adduction- vocal processes are rotated laterally and superiorly, Abduction- vocal processes are rotated inferiorly and laterally.

The correct answer describes the rotation of vocal processes for adduction and abduction accurately.

Explanation

The correct answer describes the rotation of vocal processes for adduction and abduction accurately.

8. What are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?

Thyroarytenoid muscle- thyrocoalsi and thyromusculariscricothyroid muscelposterior cricoarytenoid musclelateral cricoarytenoid muscleinterarytenoid muscle

Sternothyroid muscle, stylopharyngeus muscle, omohyoid muscle

Buccinator muscle, orbicularis oris muscle, genioglossus muscle

Temporalis muscle, masseter muscle, orbicularis oculi muscle

The intrinsic muscles of the larynx are responsible for controlling the vocal cords and the opening and closing of the glottis during speech and swallowing. The incorrect answers provided are muscles not directly involved in laryngeal function.

Explanation

The intrinsic muscles of the larynx are responsible for controlling the vocal cords and the opening and closing of the glottis during speech and swallowing. The incorrect answers provided are muscles not directly involved in laryngeal function.

9. Which of the following intrinsic muscles adducts?

Thyroarytenoid lateral cricoarytenoidinterarytenoid

Diaphragm

Geniohyoid

Sternothyroid

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx that adduct include thyroarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, and interarytenoid. The other options listed are not directly involved in the adduction of the vocal cords.

Explanation

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx that adduct include thyroarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, and interarytenoid. The other options listed are not directly involved in the adduction of the vocal cords.

10. Which muscles abduct?

Supraspinatus and deltoid

Tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini

Cricothyroidposterior cricoarytenoid

Gluteus medius and piriformis

The correct answer includes cricothyroid and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles which are responsible for abducting certain body parts. The incorrect answers involve muscles that are not primarily involved in the process of abduction.

Explanation

The correct answer includes cricothyroid and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles which are responsible for abducting certain body parts. The incorrect answers involve muscles that are not primarily involved in the process of abduction.

11. What are the infrahyoid muscles of the larynx that depress the larynx and hyoid bone?

Scalene, trapezius, levator scapulae, splenius capitis

Omohyoidsteernohyoidthyrohoidsternothroid

Sternocleidohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternohyoid, omohyoid

Digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, geniohyoid

The infrahyoid muscles include omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles. These muscles play a role in depressing the larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing and phonation.

Explanation

The infrahyoid muscles include omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles. These muscles play a role in depressing the larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing and phonation.

12. What muscles are considered the suprahyoid muscles?

Platysma, sternocleidomastoid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

Cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, cricothyropharyngeal, thyroepiglottic

Stylohoiddiagastricmylohoidgeniohyoid

Scalenus anterior, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

The suprahyoid muscles are a group of muscles located above the hyoid bone that work together to elevate the larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing and speaking. The correct answer includes stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid muscles, each playing a role in these actions.

Explanation

The suprahyoid muscles are a group of muscles located above the hyoid bone that work together to elevate the larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing and speaking. The correct answer includes stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid muscles, each playing a role in these actions.