Nationalism - Ideology - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. What historical event led to the birth of nationalist ideology?

The Industrial Revolution

The Renaissance

The Enlightenment

Origins
Before the birth of nationalist ideologyindividuals were simply subjects of a ruler; there was no particular patriotismor national identity. The French Revolution changed this for the people ofFrance; instead of simply being subjects of a monarch they became citizens of acountry. Much of Europe was a patchwork of small states, often under thecontrol of larger empires. The Napoleonic wars were instrumental in bringingthese small states together to form single nations each with a nationalidentity, particularly in Germany and Italy. This was replicated in LatinAmerica, where new nations such as Peru and Venezuela were created after asuccessful revolution against the Spanish Empire. Nationalism began to standfor cohesion, order and stability. In the aftermath of the First World War, newnations were created out of defeated Germany and Austria, as well as parts ofRussia. These included Hungary and Poland. In the second half of the 20thcentury the decline of western colonial power in various parts of the world andthe spread of nationalism among indigenous people led to the emergence of newnations as in Africa and Asia.

The birth of nationalist ideology can be attributed to events like the French Revolution and Napoleonic wars, which led to the formation of single nations with a national identity.

Explanation

The birth of nationalist ideology can be attributed to events like the French Revolution and Napoleonic wars, which led to the formation of single nations with a national identity.

2. What are the types of nationalism?

Progressive nationalists focus on pushing for rapid social and political change within a nation.

Conservative nationalists are concerned with the promise of social cohesion andpublic order embodied in the sentiment of national patriotism. From thisperspective patriotic loyalty and consciousness of a nationhood is largelyrooted in the idea of a shared past, turning nationalism into a defence oftraditional values and institutions that have been endorsed by history. Conservativenationalists were always suspicious of their Liberal counterparts for they didnot believe traditional authority should be swept away and order undermine, evenif the foundations they wish to preserve were put in place by an externalauthority. They were also concerned with nation states which comprised ofmultinational groups; civil war could break out when the imperial powerrelinquished control. Conservative nationalism in Britain today is representedpolitically by UKIP who claim British identity is under threat by Europeanintegration.

Moderate nationalists advocate for a balanced approach between liberalism and conservatism in national policies.

Radical nationalists prioritize the establishment of a completely new nation through revolutionary means.

This question focuses on the different types of nationalism and their core beliefs and values, highlighting the key distinctions between conservative nationalists and other forms of nationalism.

Explanation

This question focuses on the different types of nationalism and their core beliefs and values, highlighting the key distinctions between conservative nationalists and other forms of nationalism.

3. Post-colonial nationalists create a directed and coherent opposition to imperial power, based on social unity and national identity. Many newly independent states are actually authoritarian, as the boundaries of those states are often determined in an arbitrary way and, therefore, incorporate multicultural groups, such as different tribes and racial groups. Without an authoritarian government many of them have collapsed into civil war (such as Uganda and Ethiopia). Others have become one party states, such as Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Others have become socialists states.

Democratic nationalists aim to prioritize individual freedoms and rights, promoting a pluralistic society while preserving the national identity post-colonization.

Capitalist nationalists aim to maintain a class-based society and utilize capitalist economic systems to strengthen the nation's identity post-colonization.

Authoritarian nationalists aim to establish a dictatorship that suppresses opposition and dissent in order to maintain control and stability in the nation post-colonization.

Socialistnationalists aim to createsolidarity, national purpose and unity through justice. Socialism is used inconjunction with nationalism to underpin independence and self-determinationand to distance a nation-state from the former imperial and capitalist power.Countries that have been liberated from former powers and created socialistsstates include Zimbabwe and Vietnam.

This question discusses the post-colonial nationalist movements and the various approaches taken by newly independent states in response to imperial power. The correct answer highlights the use of socialism in conjunction with nationalism to achieve independence and self-determination. The incorrect options provide alternative approaches that are not in line with the context of the question.

Explanation

This question discusses the post-colonial nationalist movements and the various approaches taken by newly independent states in response to imperial power. The correct answer highlights the use of socialism in conjunction with nationalism to achieve independence and self-determination. The incorrect options provide alternative approaches that are not in line with the context of the question.

4. Is liberal nationalism expansionist or destructive?

Liberal nationalism is expansionist.

The Future Nationalism has become an anachronism, falling victimto its own success. The world is now mainly composed of nation-states;nation-states are themselves loosing authority as a result of globalisation andthe growth of supranationalism; and ethnic and regional political identitiesare displacing national ones.

Liberal nationalism is expansionist and destructive.

Liberal nationalism is destructive.

Liberal nationalism is not expansionist; it does not seek to invade or conquer other states. It does not perceive itself to be destructive, but rather, liberating, peaceful and progressive.

Explanation

Liberal nationalism is not expansionist; it does not seek to invade or conquer other states. It does not perceive itself to be destructive, but rather, liberating, peaceful and progressive.