Mother Board Components

1. What is CNR used for?

CNR replaced AMR and is mainly used for onboard networking and sound

CNR is a coding language used for web development.

CNR stands for Computer Networking Router and is used for data storage.

CNR is a type of virus that infects computer systems.

CNR stands for Communications and Network Riser and is a technology standard that replaced AMR. It is mainly used for onboard networking and sound capabilities in computer systems.

Explanation

CNR stands for Communications and Network Riser and is a technology standard that replaced AMR. It is mainly used for onboard networking and sound capabilities in computer systems.

2. What are some characteristics of an ATX power supply?

Only 20 pin connector is used for ATX power supplies.

Either 20 pin or 24 pin (for 2.0) and can have 4/6/8 pin to supply extra power to mobo

ATX power supply always has a 12 pin connector for compatibility.

ATX power supplies do not require any additional pins for extra power.

An ATX power supply can come in either 20 pin or 24 pin variations, depending on the version, and may also have 4/6/8 pin connectors to supply additional power to the motherboard.

Explanation

An ATX power supply can come in either 20 pin or 24 pin variations, depending on the version, and may also have 4/6/8 pin connectors to supply additional power to the motherboard.

3. What is the alternate name for the northbridge and what are its characteristics?

Southbridge - responsible for handling input/output functions

Eastbridge - manages communication between CPU and hard drive

Westbridge - controls data transfer between CPU and peripherals

Northbridge aka Memory Controller Hub (MCH)-older systems connects to RAM newer systems directly to Video Card

The correct answer for the northbridge's alternate name is Memory Controller Hub (MCH) and its characteristics vary based on the system - older systems connect to RAM while newer systems connect directly to the Video Card.

Explanation

The correct answer for the northbridge's alternate name is Memory Controller Hub (MCH) and its characteristics vary based on the system - older systems connect to RAM while newer systems connect directly to the Video Card.

4. What is the alternate name for the south bridge and what components does it handle?

PCI Bridge which manages data flow between the CPU and external components.

North Bridge which handles CPU communication and requires a heat sink.

South bridge aka I/O Controller Hub (ICH) handles expansion slots, storage devices like HDD, and doesnt need heat sink

West Bridge which connects RAM and is responsible for memory access.

The south bridge, also known as the I/O Controller Hub, is responsible for handling expansion slots, storage devices like HDD, and is able to operate without the need for a heat sink. The incorrect answers provide misleading information about different bridge components in a computer system.

Explanation

The south bridge, also known as the I/O Controller Hub, is responsible for handling expansion slots, storage devices like HDD, and is able to operate without the need for a heat sink. The incorrect answers provide misleading information about different bridge components in a computer system.

5. What is the alternate name for BIOS chip and what is its function?

CPU chip is responsible for storage of user data only.

BIOS chip is also classified as NVRAM stores all information and allows CPU to talk to all devices

ROM chip is primarily used for graphic processing.

RAM chip is used for network communication and data exchange.

The BIOS chip, also known as NVRAM, stores information and enables the CPU to communicate with all devices connected to the system.

Explanation

The BIOS chip, also known as NVRAM, stores information and enables the CPU to communicate with all devices connected to the system.

6. What is the function of a CMOS battery?

CMOS battery only stores data that is read by BIOS to complete the programs needed to talk to changeable hardware

CMOS battery powers the monitor of a computer system.

CMOS battery controls the speed of the processor in a computer.

CMOS battery is responsible for backing up data on the hard drive.

The CMOS battery's primary function is to store data for the BIOS to complete necessary programs for hardware interaction.

Explanation

The CMOS battery's primary function is to store data for the BIOS to complete necessary programs for hardware interaction.

7. What was the function of the ISA bus and where was it commonly found?

The ISA bus was a graphical interface used for gaming consoles.

The ISA bus was a wireless communication protocol used in smartphones.

The ISA bus was a type of internal storage used in modern laptops.

ISA bus was on old AT form factor and was used to connect devices-replaced by PCI

The ISA bus was a common expansion bus interface in older computers used to connect various devices. It was eventually replaced by PCI due to its limitations and slower speed.

Explanation

The ISA bus was a common expansion bus interface in older computers used to connect various devices. It was eventually replaced by PCI due to its limitations and slower speed.

8. How can you identify a floppy drive on a motherboard?

Uses ribbon cable and has 34 pins on mobo

It has 20 pins on the motherboard.

It is connected via SATA cable.

It requires a separate power connection from the PSU.

Floppy drives are identified by their use of a ribbon cable and having 34 pins on the motherboard. SATA cables are typically used for hard drives and SSDs, not floppy drives. Floppy drives specifically have 34 pins for connection. Unlike some other components, floppy drives do not require a separate power connection from the PSU.

Explanation

Floppy drives are identified by their use of a ribbon cable and having 34 pins on the motherboard. SATA cables are typically used for hard drives and SSDs, not floppy drives. Floppy drives specifically have 34 pins for connection. Unlike some other components, floppy drives do not require a separate power connection from the PSU.

9. What is IDE and how do you identify it on a motherboard?

IDE is used for processing graphics and is identified by its blue color on the motherboard.

IDE is used for audio output and is identified by its round shape on the motherboard.

IDE is used for connecting to the internet and is identified by its extra-long cable on the motherboard.

IDE is used for mass storage devices and optical drives (CD-ROM) has 40 pins on mobo

IDE, or Integrated Drive Electronics, is a standard interface for connecting devices like hard drives and CD-ROM drives to a computer. It is identified on a motherboard by having a 40-pin connector. The incorrect answers provided are common misconceptions about IDE, but the correct way to identify it is by the 40-pin connector on the motherboard.

Explanation

IDE, or Integrated Drive Electronics, is a standard interface for connecting devices like hard drives and CD-ROM drives to a computer. It is identified on a motherboard by having a 40-pin connector. The incorrect answers provided are common misconceptions about IDE, but the correct way to identify it is by the 40-pin connector on the motherboard.

10. What is Flash ROM and its function?

GPU - Graphics Processing Unit used for rendering images

Flash ROM-Read Only Memory that can be updated

RAM - Random Access Memory used for temporary data storage

CPU - Central Processing Unit responsible for executing instructions

Flash ROM is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electronically erased and reprogrammed. It is commonly used in electronic devices to store firmware and BIOS. Unlike ROM, Flash ROM allows for updates to be made without requiring complete replacement of the memory chip.

Explanation

Flash ROM is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electronically erased and reprogrammed. It is commonly used in electronic devices to store firmware and BIOS. Unlike ROM, Flash ROM allows for updates to be made without requiring complete replacement of the memory chip.

11. What are some characteristics of the ATX form factor?

Expansion slots are parallel to CPU and memory

All cpu and memory are at 90 degree angle to expansions slotsSize generally smaller, P1 power either 20/24 pin

Power supply unit is always external

Size generally larger, uses 4 pin power connector

The ATX form factor is known for having the CPU and memory positioned at a 90-degree angle to the expansion slots, a generally smaller size, and using a 20/24 pin P1 power connector. Incorrect answers include having an external power supply unit, parallel orientation of expansion slots to CPU and memory, and a larger size with a 4 pin power connector.

Explanation

The ATX form factor is known for having the CPU and memory positioned at a 90-degree angle to the expansion slots, a generally smaller size, and using a 20/24 pin P1 power connector. Incorrect answers include having an external power supply unit, parallel orientation of expansion slots to CPU and memory, and a larger size with a 4 pin power connector.

12. What are some characteristics of the AT motherboard?

The AT motherboard was designed for laptops and had no compatibility with desktop computers.

Obsolete! expansion slots were blocked by CPU/RAM WILL ONLY FIND DIN-5 ON AT MOBO (easiest way to identify) AT had 2 power connections P8 & P9

AT motherboards were known for their compact size and lack of expansion slots for additional hardware.

AT motherboards featured advanced cooling systems with liquid cooling technology.

13. What are the characteristics of the PCI bus?

PCI bus operates solely on a 16-bit bus for compatibility reasons.

PCI bus has PnP feature for devices, 64 bit bus but usually used in 32 bit

PCI bus can only be used with specific operating systems and not universally compatible.

PCI bus is only compatible with specific devices and not Plug and Play capable.

The correct answer provides an accurate description of the PCI bus, highlighting its PnP feature and 64-bit bus utilization in many systems.

Explanation

The correct answer provides an accurate description of the PCI bus, highlighting its PnP feature and 64-bit bus utilization in many systems.

14. Identify PCI-X and characteristics.

Only compatible with PCI-E, serial data transfer.

Stand-alone bus architecture, serial data transfer.

Backward compatible with PCI, parallel data transfer

Forward compatible with PCI, parallel data transfer.

PCI-X is an updated version of the PCI standard, offering backward compatibility with PCI while supporting faster parallel data transfer. It is not only compatible with PCI-E or a stand-alone bus architecture, and it does not support serial data transfer.

Explanation

PCI-X is an updated version of the PCI standard, offering backward compatibility with PCI while supporting faster parallel data transfer. It is not only compatible with PCI-E or a stand-alone bus architecture, and it does not support serial data transfer.

15. Identify PCIe x1 and x16 and their characteristics.

Serial data transfer, x16 mainly used as graphics port, x1 high bandwidth I/O use; not backward compatible

X16 for low bandwidth devices, x1 for high-speed devices, not commonly used in modern computer systems.

X16 used for audio devices, x1 used for power management, backward compatibility with older systems.

Parallel data transfer, x16 mainly used for networking, x1 mainly used for storage.

16. Identify this and characters.

RAM is the main memory in a computer that the processor can access directly.

PCI slot is used for connecting external peripherals to the motherboard.

HDMI port is used to connect external displays to the computer.

AGP slot was connected to Northbridge and directly connected to Video card

The correct answer describes the AGP slot, its connection to the Northbridge, and direct connection to the Video card. The incorrect answers provide information about different components and their functions in a computer system.

Explanation

The correct answer describes the AGP slot, its connection to the Northbridge, and direct connection to the Video card. The incorrect answers provide information about different components and their functions in a computer system.

17. Identify this slot and what it is used for.

PCI Express slot used for connecting external GPUs to a computer.

AMR slot was designed to take specific AMR devices such as modems, sound cards, NICs

Thunderbolt port used for high-speed data transfer between devices.

USB port used for connecting input devices such as keyboards and mice.

The correct answer describes the AMR slot and its specific function of accommodating devices like modems, sound cards, and NICs. The incorrect answers each mention different types of ports or slots with distinct purposes, showcasing the variety of connections available for different devices and peripherals.

Explanation

The correct answer describes the AMR slot and its specific function of accommodating devices like modems, sound cards, and NICs. The incorrect answers each mention different types of ports or slots with distinct purposes, showcasing the variety of connections available for different devices and peripherals.