Lecture 12 Blood

1. What are erythrocytes?

White blood cells

Platelets

Red blood cells

Plasma

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues.

Explanation

Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues.

2. What are leukocytes?

Neurons

Platelets

White blood cells

Red blood cells

Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are responsible for fighting off infections and diseases in the body. Unlike red blood cells, platelets, and neurons, leukocytes play a crucial role in the immune system.

Explanation

Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are responsible for fighting off infections and diseases in the body. Unlike red blood cells, platelets, and neurons, leukocytes play a crucial role in the immune system.

3. What does hematocrit measure?

"blood fraction"

Oxygen levels

White blood cell count

Blood pressure

Hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the blood, indicating the volume occupied by red blood cells.

Explanation

Hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the blood, indicating the volume occupied by red blood cells.

4. What is the percentage of blood volume that is made up of red blood cells?

50% - males; 45% - females

20% - males; 15% - females

35% - males; 40% - females

47% - males

42% - females

The correct answer states that 47% of blood volume is composed of red blood cells in males and 42% in females, making it the accurate representation of the distribution of RBCs in the bloodstream for both genders.

Explanation

The correct answer states that 47% of blood volume is composed of red blood cells in males and 42% in females, making it the accurate representation of the distribution of RBCs in the bloodstream for both genders.

5. What are the main functions of blood in terms of distribution?

Water and minerals

CO2 and toxins

Fats and proteins

O2 and nutrients

lungs and kidneys

endocrine organs

Blood primarily transports oxygen and nutrients to body cells, metabolic wastes to the lungs and kidneys for elimination, and hormones from endocrine organs to target organs.

Explanation

Blood primarily transports oxygen and nutrients to body cells, metabolic wastes to the lungs and kidneys for elimination, and hormones from endocrine organs to target organs.

6. Function of Blood: regulation of what?

Respiration and oxygen transport

Digestion and absorption of nutrients

Muscle movement and coordination

•Body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat
•Normal pH using buffers
•Adequate fluid volume in the circulatory system

Blood plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, pH balance, and fluid volume in the circulatory system through various mechanisms.

Explanation

Blood plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, pH balance, and fluid volume in the circulatory system through various mechanisms.

7. How does the body typically respond to blood loss?

Red blood cells increase in number to compensate for the loss

The body releases excess water to maintain blood volume

White blood cells attack the source of the bleeding

Plasma proteins and platelets initiate clot formation

When blood loss occurs, the body initiates clot formation through the action of plasma proteins and platelets to help stop the bleeding and prevent further loss.

Explanation

When blood loss occurs, the body initiates clot formation through the action of plasma proteins and platelets to help stop the bleeding and prevent further loss.

8. What are the functions of Blood related to fighting infection?

Hemoglobin carries oxygen

Antibodies

Complement proteins

WBC's defend against foreign invaders

Platelets help in blood clotting

Insulin regulates blood sugar levels

Blood plays a crucial role in the body's immune response to infection, with antibodies, complement proteins, and white blood cells (WBC's) working together to defend against foreign invaders.

Explanation

Blood plays a crucial role in the body's immune response to infection, with antibodies, complement proteins, and white blood cells (WBC's) working together to defend against foreign invaders.