Human Anatomy and Physiology Essentials Quiz

The term 'anatomy' comes from the Greek words 'ana' (meaning 'up') and 'tome' (meaning 'a cutting'). It refers to the study of the structure of living organisms.

Physiology specifically focuses on the functions of living organisms and their parts, whereas biology is a broader study of living organisms, anatomy is the study of the structure of living organisms, and psychology is the study of the mind and behavior.

Pathology is the branch of medical science that studies the causes and effects of diseases. Epidemiology deals with the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations. Oncology is the study and treatment of tumors. Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their effects on the body.

The correct levels of organization in a living thing are chemical levels, cells, tissues, organs, and systems. The other options do not accurately represent the levels of organization in a living organism.

The transverse plane, also known as the horizontal plane, cuts the body or any of its parts into upper and lower portions. The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions. The coronal plane divides the body into front and back portions. The frontal plane is another term for the coronal plane.

The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions, the coronal plane divides it into front and back portions, the transverse plane divides it into top and bottom portions, and the oblique plane cuts at an angle.

The axial portion of the body includes the structures along the central axis, which are the head, neck, and torso. The other options do not accurately describe this specific body portion.

The correct answer refers to the dorsal cavity located on the posterior side of the body and the ventral cavity located on the anterior side. The incorrect answers are not the major cavities but other directional terms used to describe locations in the body.

The diaphragm is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The other options do not serve as the primary structure dividing the two cavities.

In anatomy, when the body is not in anatomical position, it can be described as either supine (lying face up) or prone (lying face down). The incorrect answers listed do not accurately describe body positions in relation to anatomical position.

The frontal plane, also known as the coronal plane, divides the body into front and back portions. The transverse plane divides the body into top and bottom portions. The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions, but not necessarily in half.

The midsagittal plane specifically divides the body into equal right and left halves, making it the correct answer.

In human anatomy, the body is divided into two main portions: the axial portion, which includes the head, neck, and trunk; and the appendicular portion, which consists of the upper and lower extremities.

The epigastric region is positioned above the umbilical region in the abdominopelvic cavity.

The hypogastric region is located below the umbilical region in the lower part of the abdominopelvic cavity.

A positive feedback loop is a process in which the effects of a small disturbance on a system include an increase in the magnitude of the disturbance. In the case of contractions of the uterus during childbirth, the contractions themselves cause the release of oxytocin which further stimulates more contractions, leading to the eventual birth of the baby.

Negative feedback loops are mechanisms in the body that work to reverse any deviations from a set point. The correct answer demonstrates this by showing how the body maintains stability in body temperature and water volume. The incorrect answers do not represent negative feedback loops as they describe other physiological processes.