Canine Pelvic Limb Ii And Sublumbar Muscles

The iliopsoas muscle consists of the psoas major and iliacus muscles, originating from the lumbar vertebrae and iliac fossa respectively, and inserting into the lesser trochanter of the femur. Its main function is to flex the hip joint.

The cranial tibial muscle originates from the extensor groove and adjacent articular margin of the tibia, with its insertion on the plantar surface of the base of metatarsals I and II. Its function is to flex the tarsus and rotate the paw laterally. The incorrect answers provided offer different origins, insertions, and functions that are not associated with the cranial tibial muscle.

The long digital extensor originates from the extensor fossa of the femur and inserts into the extensor processes of the distal phalanges on digits II, III, IV, V. Its function is to flex the tarsus and extend the digits.

The correct answer outlines the origin, insertion, and function of the Peroneus longus muscle. It is important to understand these details to accurately describe the muscle's function and role in movement.

The lateral digital extensor originates from the proximal third of the fibula and inserts into the proximal phalanx of digit V. Its function includes extension and abduction of digit V.

The Gastrocnemius muscle is a superficial muscle in the posterior leg that crosses both the knee and ankle joints. Its origin lies on the medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of the femur, while its insertion is on the proximal dorsal surface of the tuber calcanei. The main function of the Gastrocnemius muscle is to extend the tarsus and flex the stifle.

The correct origin of the superficial digital flexor muscle is the lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur and its insertion is the tuber calcanei and base of middle phalanges of digits II, III, IV, V. Its function is to flex the stifle and extend the tarsus by flexing the first two digital joints of the four principal digits.

The correct origin of the deep digital flexor muscle is from the caudal aspect of the proximal 2/3 of the tibia, proximal half of the fibula, adjacent interosseous membrane. The correct insertion is into the flexor surface of the distal phalanx. The function of the deep digital flexor muscle is to extend the tarsus and flex the digits.

The correct answer provides the accurate origin and insertion points of the popliteus muscle along with its function. The incorrect answers provide misleading information about different muscles, origins, insertions, and functions.

The correct origin of the quadratus lumborum muscle is from the bodies of the T10-T13 vertebrae, transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, and the medial surface of the ilium. This muscle helps fix the lumbar vertebral column.

The psoas minor muscle attaches to the tendinous facia of quadratus lumborum muscle, the ventral surface of T13 and L1-L5 vertebrae, and the iliopectineal eminence. Its function is to fix the lumbar vertebral column and steepen the pelvis, not to flex the thigh, extend the knee, or abduct the thigh.

The iliopsoas muscle consists of the psoas major and iliacus muscles, which have different attachments and functions compared to the incorrect answers provided. The psoas major attaches to the lumbar vertebrae and lesser trochanter, while the iliacus attaches to the cranioventral ilium and lesser trochanter. Their main function is hip flexion, not knee extension, hip extension, or knee flexion.