Endochondral Ossification Process Quiz
- 1.
The occipital bone, hyoid, and sacrum are all part of the skeleton
- A.
Medial
- B.
Axial
- C.
Appendicular
- D.
Frontal
- E.
Sagittal
Correct Answer
B. AxialExplanation
The occipital bone, hyoid, and sacrum are all part of the axial skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the head, neck, and trunk of the body. The occipital bone is located at the back of the skull, the hyoid bone is in the neck, and the sacrum is at the base of the spine. These bones provide support and protection for the central nervous system and organs within the trunk.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In the vertebral column of an adult, the sacrum consists of fused vertebrae, while the coccyx consists of fused vertebrae
- A.
7,5
- B.
5,5
- C.
4,4
- D.
4,5
- E.
5,4
Correct Answer
E. 5,4Explanation
The answer 5,4 is correct because the sacrum in the vertebral column of an adult consists of 5 fused vertebrae, while the coccyx consists of 4 fused vertebrae.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following bones make up the pelvic girdle
- A.
Scapulae and clavicles
- B.
Coxal bones and femurs
- C.
Ribs and Sternum
- D.
Sacrum and coccyx
- E.
Coxal bones
Correct Answer
E. Coxal bonesExplanation
The correct answer is Coxal bones. The pelvic girdle is made up of two coxal bones, also known as the hip bones. These bones are located on either side of the pelvis and are formed by the fusion of three bones - the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The pelvic girdle provides support and stability to the spine and forms the attachment point for the lower limbs. The scapulae and clavicles are part of the pectoral girdle, while the ribs and sternum form the thoracic cage, and the sacrum and coccyx are part of the vertebral column.Rate this question:
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- 4.
All of the following structures are parts of the scapula, except
- A.
Coracoid process
- B.
Acromion process
- C.
Glenoid cavity
- D.
Coronoid process
- E.
None of the above; a-d are all parts of the scapula
Correct Answer
D. Coronoid processExplanation
The coronoid process is not a part of the scapula. The scapula is a triangular-shaped bone located in the upper back. It has various structures, including the coracoid process, acromion process, and glenoid cavity. The coracoid process is a hook-like projection on the anterior side of the scapula, while the acromion process is a bony projection that articulates with the clavicle. The glenoid cavity is a shallow socket that forms the shoulder joint. However, the coronoid process is a structure found in the ulna bone of the forearm, not in the scapula.Rate this question:
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- 5.
If a classmate asked you to point to your alveolar process, to which bone(s) could you point
- A.
Maxilla or mandible
- B.
Any of the ribs
- C.
Sternum
- D.
Metacarpals or metatarsals
- E.
Sphenoid or ethmoid bone
Correct Answer
A. Maxilla or mandibleExplanation
The alveolar process refers to the part of the maxilla or mandible that contains the sockets for the teeth. Therefore, if a classmate asked you to point to your alveolar process, you would point to either the maxilla or mandible.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which 2 bones (or processes of these bones) make up the hard palate
- A.
Ethmoid bone and vomer bone
- B.
Palatine bone and mandible
- C.
Ethmoid bone and sphenoid
- D.
Maxilla and palatine bone
- E.
Palatine bone and nasal bone
Correct Answer
D. Maxilla and palatine boneExplanation
The hard palate is the bony structure that forms the roof of the mouth. It is composed of two bones: the maxilla and the palatine bone. The maxilla is the upper jawbone and forms the majority of the hard palate, while the palatine bone is a small, L-shaped bone located behind the maxilla. Together, these two bones create the hard palate, providing support and structure to the roof of the mouth.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The supraorbital foramina are found of the bone, while the infraorbital foramina are located on the bones
- A.
Sphenoid; zygomatic
- B.
Sphenoid; ethmoid
- C.
Frontal; Maxillary
- D.
Maxillary; mandibular
- E.
Lacrimal; zygomatic
Correct Answer
C. Frontal; MaxillaryExplanation
The supraorbital foramina are found on the frontal bone, while the infraorbital foramina are located on the maxillary bones.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The greater tubercle is found in the joint, while the greater trochanter is found in the joint
- A.
Elbow; knee
- B.
Hip; ankle
- C.
Shoulder; hip
- D.
Knee; elbow
- E.
Shoulder; elbow
Correct Answer
C. Shoulder; hipExplanation
The greater tubercle is a bony prominence found on the humerus bone of the upper arm, specifically in the shoulder joint. The greater trochanter, on the other hand, is a bony prominence found on the femur bone of the thigh, specifically in the hip joint. Therefore, the correct answer is "Shoulder; hip".Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the significance of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
- A.
It forms part of the zygomatic arch
- B.
It forms part of the eye orbit
- C.
It holds the pituitary gland at the base of the skull
- D.
It forms part of the external auditory meatus
- E.
It forms part of the nasal septum
Correct Answer
E. It forms part of the nasal septumExplanation
The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is significant because it forms part of the nasal septum. The nasal septum is the structure that divides the nasal cavity into two separate chambers. It provides support and stability to the nose, helping to maintain its shape. Additionally, the nasal septum plays a role in directing the flow of air through the nasal passages, allowing for proper breathing and filtration of the air before it enters the respiratory system.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Cervical vertebrae are unique in that they are the only vertebrae
- A.
With transverse foramina
- B.
Without transverse processes
- C.
That do not have true vertebral bodies
- D.
That have no rib facets
- E.
That do not have spinous processes
Correct Answer
A. With transverse foraminaExplanation
Cervical vertebrae are unique because they are the only vertebrae that have transverse foramina. The transverse foramina are small holes on the sides of the vertebrae that allow for the passage of the vertebral arteries and veins. This feature is not present in any other vertebrae in the spine, making it a distinguishing characteristic of the cervical vertebrae.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following structures is the most inferior on the femur
- A.
Lateral epicondyle
- B.
Lesser trochanter
- C.
Medial condyle
- D.
Linea aspera
- E.
Greater trochanter
Correct Answer
C. Medial condyleExplanation
The most inferior structure on the femur is the medial condyle. The term "inferior" refers to a position that is below or lower than another structure. In this case, the medial condyle is located at the lower end of the femur, while the other structures mentioned (lateral epicondyle, lesser trochanter, linea aspera, and greater trochanter) are either located higher up on the femur or are not relevant to the question.Rate this question:
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- 12.
From your knowledge of skeletal terminology, what would be the most likely description of a structure called the "infraspinous fossa"
- A.
An opening in the spinous process of a vertebra
- B.
A depression below the scapular spine
- C.
The passageway through the vertebral column, formed by all of the vertebral foramina
- D.
A long projection off of the posterior side of a vertebra
- E.
A pointed projetion at the bottom of the C1 vertebra
Correct Answer
B. A depression below the scapular spineExplanation
The most likely description of a structure called the "infraspinous fossa" would be a depression below the scapular spine.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following cell types is the most common type of bone cell, and is actually a mature bone cell encased in a lacuna
- A.
Osteoblast
- B.
Chrondrocyte
- C.
Osteocyte
- D.
Osteoprogenitor Cell
- E.
Osteoclast
Correct Answer
C. OsteocyteExplanation
Osteocytes are the most common type of bone cell and are mature bone cells encased in a lacuna. They are responsible for maintaining the bone tissue and play a crucial role in bone remodeling and repair. Osteoblasts are responsible for bone formation, chrondrocytes are cartilage cells, osteoprogenitor cells are bone stem cells, and osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following bones is/are classified as (a) sesamoid bone
- A.
Carpals
- B.
Patella
- C.
Parietal bones
- D.
Scapula
- E.
Tarsals
Correct Answer
B. PatellaExplanation
The patella is classified as a sesamoid bone. Sesamoid bones are small, round bones that are embedded within tendons, providing protection and improving the mechanical advantage of the muscles. The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body and is located in the tendon of the quadriceps muscle at the front of the knee joint. It helps to increase the leverage of the quadriceps muscle during knee extension and protects the knee joint from excessive forces. The other bones listed (carpals, parietal bones, scapula, tarsals) are not classified as sesamoid bones.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Find the false statement below, if any, concerning bone tissue
- A.
Spongy bone make up flat bones and the expanded ends of long bones
- B.
Spongy bone consists of osteons, while compact bone contains trabeculae
- C.
Compact bone makes up most of the shafts of long bones
- D.
Bone tissue heals well, due to its extensive blood supply
- E.
There is no false statement above; a-d are all true of bone tissue
Correct Answer
B. Spongy bone consists of osteons, while compact bone contains trabeculaeExplanation
The false statement is "Spongy bone consists of osteons, while compact bone contains trabeculae." In reality, compact bone consists of osteons, which are cylindrical structures made up of concentric layers of bone tissue surrounding a central canal. Spongy bone, on the other hand, contains trabeculae, which are thin columns and plates of bone tissue that form a mesh-like structure.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Find the false statement below, if any, concerning the endochondral ossification process
- A.
Endochondral ossification is the more common method of bone formation
- B.
Long bones usually develop by this method during fetal development
- C.
Healing bones usually use this method of bone formation
- D.
It involves bone formation between sheets of primitive connective tissue
- E.
There is no false statement above; a-d are all true of endochondral ossification
Correct Answer
D. It involves bone formation between sheets of primitive connective tissueExplanation
Endochondral ossification is the process of bone formation where bone develops from a cartilage model. It is the more common method of bone formation and is responsible for the development of long bones during fetal development. Additionally, healing bones also use this method of bone formation. However, the statement that it involves bone formation between sheets of primitive connective tissue is false. Endochondral ossification involves the replacement of cartilage with bone, not the formation between sheets of primitive connective tissue.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The expanded end of a long bone is called the ; the covering of dense connective tissue that encloses the entire bone is called the
- A.
Epiphyseal disk; diaphysis
- B.
Periosteum; epiphysis
- C.
Diaphysis; endosteum
- D.
Metaphysis; epiphyseal disk
- E.
Epiphysis; periosteum
Correct Answer
E. Epiphysis; periosteumExplanation
The expanded end of a long bone is called the epiphysis, while the covering of dense connective tissue that encloses the entire bone is called the periosteum.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What effect do vitamins C, K and B12 have on bone health
- A.
They accelerate deposition of calcium salts
- B.
They accelerate the ossification of the epiphyseal disks
- C.
They stimulate protein synthesis, one of which is collagen
- D.
They increase the metabolic rate in all cells
- E.
They cause hypertrophy of hte long bones, increading their length and width
Correct Answer
C. They stimulate protein synthesis, one of which is collagenExplanation
Vitamins C, K, and B12 stimulate protein synthesis, including the production of collagen. Collagen is a major component of bone tissue and is responsible for its strength and structure. Therefore, by promoting protein synthesis, these vitamins contribute to the maintenance and improvement of bone health.Rate this question:
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- 19.
All of the following would be likely to help strengthen the bones and increase bone density, except:
- A.
Taking papathyroid hormone supplements
- B.
Getting some sunshine daily
- C.
Drinking plenty of milk
- D.
Taking vitamin D supplements
- E.
All of the above are true
Correct Answer
A. Taking papathyroid hormone supplementsExplanation
Taking papathyroid hormone supplements would not likely help strengthen the bones and increase bone density. While getting some sunshine daily, drinking plenty of milk, and taking vitamin D supplements are all known to contribute to bone health, papathyroid hormone supplements may have negative effects on bone density.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which type of fracture is considered the most serious in children, since it sometimes results in the fractured bone eventually ending up longer or shorter than the corresponding bone on the other side of the body
- A.
Greenstick
- B.
Epipyseal disks
- C.
Segmental
- D.
Fissured
- E.
Nondisplaced
Correct Answer
B. Epipyseal disksExplanation
Epiphyseal disks are growth plates located at the ends of long bones in children. These plates are responsible for bone growth and can be easily injured. When a fracture occurs at the epiphyseal disk, it can disrupt bone growth and result in the fractured bone ending up longer or shorter than the corresponding bone on the other side of the body. This type of fracture is considered the most serious in children because it can have long-term consequences on bone development and may require specialized treatment to prevent growth abnormalities.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What does the Wolff's law state
- A.
Slight bending of bones during exercise will weaken bones, and cause them to atrophy
- B.
The higher the blood level of growth hormone, the longer the bones will be, and the taller the person will be
- C.
The longer it takes for the epiphyseal disk to ossify, the longer the bone will be
- D.
The better nutrition a person has, the more calcium will be depositied in the bones, and the stronger the bones will be
- E.
A bone grows and remodels in response to the physical stresses place on it; therefore, varied exercise will lead to strong, heavy bones
Correct Answer
E. A bone grows and remodels in response to the physical stresses place on it; therefore, varied exercise will lead to strong, heavy bonesExplanation
Wolff's law states that bones grow and remodel in response to the physical stresses placed on them. This means that when bones are subjected to exercise and physical activity, they adapt by becoming stronger and heavier. This is why varied exercise is important for maintaining strong and healthy bones.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What is hematopoiesis
- A.
The maintenance of a stable internal enviroment in the body
- B.
The formation of a blood clot in the site of a bone injury
- C.
The process of bone formation, between sheets or layers of primitive tissue
- D.
Blood cell formation
- E.
A disease of the bones, in which blood cell production greatly decreases, and the body becomes deficient in O2 and nutrients
Correct Answer
D. Blood cell formationExplanation
Hematopoiesis refers to the process of blood cell formation. It is the process by which new blood cells are produced in the body. This includes the formation of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the bone marrow. Hematopoiesis is essential for the body to maintain an adequate supply of blood cells, which are responsible for various functions such as oxygen transport, immune response, and blood clotting.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 11, 2010Quiz Created by
Deshellwhite
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