Exam 3 - Lower & Upper Extremity Venous - 1

25 Questions | Attempts: 445
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Questions and Answers
  • 1. 
    In the evaluation of the axillary vein or subclavian vein, normal Doppler findings should demonstrate
    • A. 

      Phasicity but not pulsatility

    • B. 

      Continuous flow

    • C. 

      Pulsatility but not phasicity

    • D. 

      Pulsatility and phasicity

  • 2. 
    In the thigh, the superficial femoral vein becomes more difficult to follow and compress distally.  What technique is most effective in this case?
    • A. 

      Skip that segment of the vein, it's not important

    • B. 

      Exert greater pressure with the transducer

    • C. 

      Turn up the overal 2D gain

    • D. 

      Move to a more anterior position and compress from behind

  • 3. 
    All of the following are considered to be normal findings in a duplex study of the lower extremity veins, EXCEPT
    • A. 

      Pulsatility with the cardiac cycle

    • B. 

      Augmentation with distal compression

    • C. 

      Spontaneity

    • D. 

      Competence

  • 4. 
    In the use of photoplethysmography for venous testing purposes, a change in blood volume is detected by light
    • A. 

      Transmission

    • B. 

      Reflection

    • C. 

      Frequency

    • D. 

      Refraction

  • 5. 
    In the finding of primary varicose veins, which veins have incompetent valves
    • A. 

      Superficial veins

    • B. 

      Deep veins

    • C. 

      Perforating veins

  • 6. 
    Valves in veins are present in all of the following locations EXCEPT the
    • A. 

      Perforating veins

    • B. 

      Deep veins of the calf

    • C. 

      Lesser saphenous vein

    • D. 

      Inferior vena cava

  • 7. 
    Compressibility of veins is very important in the diagnosis of DVT.  Which of the following veins are always difficult or impossible to compress?
    • A. 

      Superficial femoral veins

    • B. 

      Iliac veins

    • C. 

      Common femoral veins

    • D. 

      Popliteal veins

  • 8. 
    In identification of the deep veins of the lower extremity, which is most helpful?
    • A. 

      The adjacent artery

    • B. 

      The size of the vessel

    • C. 

      The lenght of the vessel

    • D. 

      The diameter of the vessel

  • 9. 
    Which of the following vessels is NOT a deep vein of the lower extremity?
    • A. 

      Superficial femoral vein

    • B. 

      Anterior tibial vein

    • C. 

      Lesser saphenous vein

    • D. 

      Popliteal vein

  • 10. 
    Lower extremity venous flow is aided in its return to the heart by all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT
    • A. 

      Venous valves

    • B. 

      Inspiration

    • C. 

      Calf muscle contraction

    • D. 

      Expiration

  • 11. 
    Acute DVT is MOST related to which of the following findings?
    • A. 

      Presence of collaterals

    • B. 

      Highly echogenic thrombus in lumen

    • C. 

      Presence of "floating" thrombus known as "tail of the dog"

    • D. 

      A constricted vein

  • 12. 
    Which of the following criteria will aid in the diagnosis of DVT
    • A. 

      Vein enlargement

    • B. 

      Visualization of echogenic thrombus in the lumen

    • C. 

      Absence of color or spectral waveforms

    • D. 

      All of the above

  • 13. 
    The calf vein are sometimes difficult to image using Duplex sonography.  Which of the following methods might be used to better visualizethese veins?
    • A. 

      Proximal augmentation of the limb

    • B. 

      Using the "heel toe" maneuver

    • C. 

      Changing the transducer to a lower frequency

    • D. 

      Asking the patient to dangle the legs over the side of the bed

  • 14. 
    Virchow's Triad relates to which of the following factors?
    • A. 

      Smoking, atherosclerosis, and high blood pressure

    • B. 

      Blood stasis, anxiety, and hypocoaguability of blood

    • C. 

      Blood stasis, hypercoaguability of blood, and injury to vein walls

    • D. 

      All of the aboe

  • 15. 
    In order to assess for vein wall compressibility, the preferred method is
    • A. 

      Gentle probe pressure in SAG

    • B. 

      Rocking probe pressure in TRV

    • C. 

      Repetitive bouncing pressure in SAG

    • D. 

      Gentle firm probe pressure in TRV

  • 16. 
    The most serious consequence of thrombus in the deep veins of the lower extremity is
    • A. 

      Pulmonary embolus

    • B. 

      Compression of the pelvic veins

    • C. 

      Lymphedema

    • D. 

      Venous hypertension

  • 17. 
    In venous duplex scanning, which of the following characteristics are of diagnostic value in scanning for deep vein thrombosis?
    • A. 

      Echoes within the vessel lumen

    • B. 

      Coaptation of vessel walls

    • C. 

      Augmentation of flow with distal compression

    • D. 

      All of the above

  • 18. 
    If augmentation is performed in a DVT study distal to the transducer, this proves that complete obstruction by thrombus is not present
    • A. 

      Between the location of the transducer and the point of augmentation

    • B. 

      Between the location of the transducer and the heart

    • C. 

      At any point along the path of the vein being imaged

    • D. 

      In any of the deep veins of the lower extremity

  • 19. 
    The greater saphenous veins ascends along the _____ aspect of the entire lower limb, and empties into the ____ ____ just distal to the inguinal ligament
    • A. 

      Lateral, internal iliac vein

    • B. 

      Medial, profund vein

    • C. 

      Medial, common femoral vein

    • D. 

      Lateral, superficial femoral vein

  • 20. 
    All of the following risk factors are associated with deep vein thrombosis EXCEPT for
    • A. 

      Malignancy

    • B. 

      Pregnancy

    • C. 

      Recent major surgery

    • D. 

      Diabetes

    • E. 

      Trauma to the vein

  • 21. 
    Which of the following statements is FALSE in relation to chronic DVT?
    • A. 

      Thrombosis is usually hyperechoic

    • B. 

      Collateral veins may be in evidence

    • C. 

      The vein's diameter may decrease in size

    • D. 

      Augmentation guarantees that no thrombus at all is present

  • 22. 
    Primary varicose veins are related to
    • A. 

      Repeated episodes of DVT

    • B. 

      Trauma

    • C. 

      Heredity

    • D. 

      Hypertension

  • 23. 
    If the greater saphenous veins is found to be completely filled with clot to the level of the sapheno-femoral junction, the most probable course of treatment will be
    • A. 

      Removal of the saphenous vein

    • B. 

      A heparin dip

    • C. 

      Coumadin therapy

    • D. 

      Conservative treatment with US follow up

  • 24. 
    Which of the following is (are) physical signs and symptoms relating to DVT?
    • A. 

      Edema

    • B. 

      Brawny skin discoloration

    • C. 

      Leg pain

    • D. 

      Ulcerations on the toes

    • E. 

      All of the above

    • F. 

      Edema, brawny skin discoloration, leg pain

  • 25. 
    This vein is formed by the confluence of the peroneal veins and the tibial veins and becomes the SFV at the level of the adductor canal
    • A. 

      Soleal vein

    • B. 

      Popliteal vein

    • C. 

      Lesser saphenous vein

    • D. 

      Gastrocnemius vein

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