European Geography & History Quiz

1.

Who defeated and killed the last Anglo-Saxon king of England at the Battle of Hastings?

https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/war_tech_gallery_02.shtml

Harold II

William the conqueror

Richard

William the Conqueror defeated and killed the last Anglo-Saxon king of England, Harold II, at the Battle of Hastings. This battle took place in 1066 and marked the end of the Anglo-Saxon rule in England. William's victory led to his coronation as the King of England, establishing the Norman dynasty and bringing significant changes to the country's political, social, and cultural landscape.

Explanation

William the Conqueror defeated and killed the last Anglo-Saxon king of England, Harold II, at the Battle of Hastings. This battle took place in 1066 and marked the end of the Anglo-Saxon rule in England. William's victory led to his coronation as the King of England, establishing the Norman dynasty and bringing significant changes to the country's political, social, and cultural landscape.

2.

The Vikings were the first Europeans to set foot in America. What did they call these new lands?

https://www.mnh.si.edu/vikings/start.html

Greenland

Vinland

America

The Vikings called the new lands they discovered "Vinland". This is supported by historical evidence and archaeological findings, including the Vinland Sagas, which are two medieval texts that describe the Viking exploration of North America. These sagas mention a place called "Vinland" where the Vikings settled and established a temporary colony. The name "Vinland" is believed to refer to the abundance of grapes or wine in the area, indicating that the Vikings recognized the fertile nature of the land.

Explanation

The Vikings called the new lands they discovered "Vinland". This is supported by historical evidence and archaeological findings, including the Vinland Sagas, which are two medieval texts that describe the Viking exploration of North America. These sagas mention a place called "Vinland" where the Vikings settled and established a temporary colony. The name "Vinland" is believed to refer to the abundance of grapes or wine in the area, indicating that the Vikings recognized the fertile nature of the land.

3.

The economic alliance of trading cities and their guilds that established and maintained a trade monopoly along the coast of Northern Europe, is called:

https://history-world.org/dynamic_culture_of_medieval_euro.htm

Westphalia League.

Hanseatic League.

Scania Market.

The correct answer is Hanseatic League. The Hanseatic League was an economic alliance of trading cities and their guilds that established and maintained a trade monopoly along the coast of Northern Europe. The league played a significant role in the economic and political development of the region during the medieval period. It facilitated trade, protected the interests of its members, and promoted economic cooperation among the participating cities. The Hanseatic League was particularly influential in the Baltic Sea region and had a lasting impact on the development of maritime trade and commerce in Northern Europe.

Explanation

The correct answer is Hanseatic League. The Hanseatic League was an economic alliance of trading cities and their guilds that established and maintained a trade monopoly along the coast of Northern Europe. The league played a significant role in the economic and political development of the region during the medieval period. It facilitated trade, protected the interests of its members, and promoted economic cooperation among the participating cities. The Hanseatic League was particularly influential in the Baltic Sea region and had a lasting impact on the development of maritime trade and commerce in Northern Europe.

4.

Prometheus, according to Greek mythology, was an important Titan god. He cheated the gods on several ocassions on behalf of mankind. As punishment, what did Zeus chain him to?

https://www.theoi.com/

Mount Olympus

Caucasus Mountains

Acropolis of Athens

In Greek mythology, Prometheus was punished by Zeus for his actions by being chained to the Caucasus Mountains. This punishment was meant to be eternal, as Prometheus was bound to the mountain and had his liver eaten by an eagle every day, only for it to regenerate overnight. This served as a reminder to both Prometheus and mankind of the consequences of defying the gods. The other options, Mount Olympus and Acropolis of Athens, are not associated with Prometheus' punishment.

Explanation

In Greek mythology, Prometheus was punished by Zeus for his actions by being chained to the Caucasus Mountains. This punishment was meant to be eternal, as Prometheus was bound to the mountain and had his liver eaten by an eagle every day, only for it to regenerate overnight. This served as a reminder to both Prometheus and mankind of the consequences of defying the gods. The other options, Mount Olympus and Acropolis of Athens, are not associated with Prometheus' punishment.

5.

Ab Urbe Condita is a monumental history of ancient Rome written in the Latin language by:
https://ancienthistory.about.com/od/historianslivy/a/Livy.htm

Tito Livio

Plauto

Polivio

Tito Livio, also known as Livy, is the correct answer for the author of Ab Urbe Condita. Ab Urbe Condita is a significant historical work that provides a comprehensive account of ancient Rome. Livy wrote this monumental history in the Latin language, making it an essential source for understanding the history and culture of ancient Rome.

Explanation

Tito Livio, also known as Livy, is the correct answer for the author of Ab Urbe Condita. Ab Urbe Condita is a significant historical work that provides a comprehensive account of ancient Rome. Livy wrote this monumental history in the Latin language, making it an essential source for understanding the history and culture of ancient Rome.

6.

When was the Treaty of Rome signed?

https://europa.eu/abc/history/index_en.htm

1946

1957

1960

The Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957. This treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC), which aimed to create a common market among its member states. The EEC later evolved into the European Union (EU) and laid the foundation for economic integration and cooperation among European countries. The signing of the Treaty of Rome marked a significant step towards European unity and paved the way for the development of the EU as we know it today.

Explanation

The Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957. This treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC), which aimed to create a common market among its member states. The EEC later evolved into the European Union (EU) and laid the foundation for economic integration and cooperation among European countries. The signing of the Treaty of Rome marked a significant step towards European unity and paved the way for the development of the EU as we know it today.

7.

Which Greek Gods were the ancient Olympic Games held in honour of?

https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/greeks/greek_olympics_01.shtml

Apollo.

Zeus

Olimpia

The ancient Olympic Games were held in honor of Zeus. In Greek mythology, Zeus was the king of the gods and the ruler of Mount Olympus. He was considered the patron deity of sports and athletes, making him the most fitting choice to be honored during the Olympic Games. The games were believed to have been founded by Hercules, who was a son of Zeus, further establishing the connection between Zeus and the Olympics.

Explanation

The ancient Olympic Games were held in honor of Zeus. In Greek mythology, Zeus was the king of the gods and the ruler of Mount Olympus. He was considered the patron deity of sports and athletes, making him the most fitting choice to be honored during the Olympic Games. The games were believed to have been founded by Hercules, who was a son of Zeus, further establishing the connection between Zeus and the Olympics.

8.

Augustus was the first emperor of Rome. He replaced the Roman republic with an effective monarchy and during his long reign, he brought peace and stability. In which year was Augustus defeated by Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium?

https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/augustus.shtml

31 B.C

27 B.C

44 B.C

Augustus was defeated by Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. This battle marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of Augustus' reign as the first emperor of Rome.

Explanation

Augustus was defeated by Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. This battle marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of Augustus' reign as the first emperor of Rome.

9.

Who was arrested and sent to the guillotine on July 28, 1794? https://history-world.org/french_revolution.htm

Louis XVI

Robespierre

Napoleón

Robespierre was arrested and sent to the guillotine on July 28, 1794. He was a prominent figure during the French Revolution and one of the leaders of the Reign of Terror. Robespierre's radical policies and his role in the execution of many individuals led to his downfall. The Committee of Public Safety turned against him, leading to his arrest and subsequent execution.

Explanation

Robespierre was arrested and sent to the guillotine on July 28, 1794. He was a prominent figure during the French Revolution and one of the leaders of the Reign of Terror. Robespierre's radical policies and his role in the execution of many individuals led to his downfall. The Committee of Public Safety turned against him, leading to his arrest and subsequent execution.

10.

Who was the first European to travel across North America?
https://www.pbs.org/opb/onquistadors/home.htm

Orellana.

Hernán Cortes.

Cabeza de Vaca.

Cabeza de Vaca was the first European to travel across North America. He was a Spanish explorer who, along with his companions, survived a shipwreck off the coast of Texas in 1528. They spent several years journeying through the Gulf Coast region, encountering various Native American tribes and enduring harsh conditions. Cabeza de Vaca's account of his experiences, published in 1542, provided valuable insights into the Native American cultures and geography of the region. His journey paved the way for future European exploration and colonization of North America.

Explanation

Cabeza de Vaca was the first European to travel across North America. He was a Spanish explorer who, along with his companions, survived a shipwreck off the coast of Texas in 1528. They spent several years journeying through the Gulf Coast region, encountering various Native American tribes and enduring harsh conditions. Cabeza de Vaca's account of his experiences, published in 1542, provided valuable insights into the Native American cultures and geography of the region. His journey paved the way for future European exploration and colonization of North America.