Eukaryotic Cells Quiz

The different parts inside a cell are called organelles. Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform specific functions, similar to the organs in a human body. They include structures such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and many others. Each organelle has a specific role in maintaining the overall function and structure of the cell.

Eukaryotic cells have DNA storage because they have a nucleus, which contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA. This DNA is organized into chromosomes and is responsible for storing the cell's genetic information and controlling its functions. In contrast, prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do not have a nucleus and their DNA is found in the cytoplasm.

The cell membrane is a protective layer that surrounds every cell, acting as a barrier between the cell and its environment. It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing the cell to maintain a stable internal environment. The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which gives it flexibility and selective permeability. This allows the cell to regulate the exchange of nutrients, waste products, and other molecules with its surroundings, ensuring the cell's survival and proper functioning.

Eukaryotic cells are capable of producing energy through various processes such as cellular respiration. They have specialized organelles like mitochondria that generate ATP, the main energy currency of the cell. Therefore, the statement that eukaryotic cells cannot produce energy is false.

Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Instead, their genetic material is located in a region called the nucleoid. This is in contrast to eukaryotic cells, which have a distinct nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Therefore, the statement that prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound nuclei is true.

Mitochondria is the correct answer because it is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells and is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. It has its own DNA and is often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell. The other options, such as the nucleus, Golgi complex, chloroplast, and ribosome, have different functions and are not directly involved in energy production.

Lysosome is the correct answer because it is an organelle that contains digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances that enter the cell. Lysosomes play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and recycling cellular components. They are responsible for the degradation of macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Additionally, lysosomes are involved in various cellular processes such as autophagy, phagocytosis, and apoptosis.

The nucleus is the correct answer because it is the organelle that stores DNA. The nucleus is often referred to as the control center of the cell because it contains the genetic material, which is in the form of DNA. DNA carries the instructions for the cell's functions and characteristics, and it is stored and protected within the nucleus. The other organelles listed in the options do not store DNA.

The correct answer is Plant Cell because plant cells have unique features such as a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole, which are not present in other types of cells. These features enable plant cells to perform functions such as photosynthesis and providing structural support to the plant.

The green center structure in a cell is called the nucleolus. The nucleolus is responsible for producing and assembling the components of ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis. It is located within the nucleus and plays a crucial role in the overall functioning of the cell.