EMT B Class Chapter 5 Quiz
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The pressure against the walls of the blood vessels as blood is ejected from the heart and circulates through the body is the _______ blood pressure.
- A.
Systolic
- B.
Diastolic
- C.
Central Venous
- D.
Mean Arterial
Correct Answer
A. SystolicExplanation
Systolic blood pressure refers to the pressure exerted on the walls of the blood vessels when the heart contracts and ejects blood into the circulation. This is the highest pressure reached during a cardiac cycle. Diastolic blood pressure, on the other hand, refers to the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart is at rest and filling with blood. Central venous pressure is the pressure in the large veins near the heart, and mean arterial pressure is the average pressure throughout the cardiac cycle.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following structures allows food to move from the mouth to the stomach?
- A.
Trachea
- B.
Vena Cava
- C.
Duodenum
- D.
Esophagus
Correct Answer
D. EsophagusExplanation
The esophagus is the structure that allows food to move from the mouth to the stomach. It is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach and is responsible for transporting food through peristalsis, a series of muscle contractions. The trachea is the windpipe, which allows air to pass into the lungs, while the vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine, where digestion continues after food leaves the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body?
- A.
Caudal
- B.
Dorsal
- C.
Posterior
- D.
Anterior
Correct Answer
D. AnteriorExplanation
The frontal aspect of the body refers to the front or forward-facing side. Anterior is another term used to describe this direction.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The elbow is _______ to the wrist?
- A.
Medial
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Proximal
- D.
Dorsal
Correct Answer
C. ProximalExplanation
The elbow is proximal to the wrist because the term "proximal" refers to a location that is closer to the point of reference or origin. In this case, the point of reference is the shoulder, and the elbow is closer to the shoulder compared to the wrist.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What are the two most easily injured portions of the spine?
- A.
Sacral and coccygeal
- B.
Cervical and thoracic
- C.
Cervical and lumbar
- D.
Lumbar and sacral
Correct Answer
C. Cervical and lumbarExplanation
The cervical and lumbar portions of the spine are the two most easily injured because they are the most flexible and bear the most weight. The cervical spine, located in the neck, is particularly vulnerable to injury due to its range of motion and the delicate structures it protects, such as the spinal cord. The lumbar spine, located in the lower back, is also prone to injury due to the stress placed on it from activities like lifting heavy objects or poor posture.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following BEST describes the Trendelenburg position?
- A.
Lying on the side with legs drawn up and the arms clasped around them
- B.
Lying on the side
- C.
Semi-sitting
- D.
Lying on the back with head lower than the legs
Correct Answer
D. Lying on the back with head lower than the legsExplanation
The Trendelenburg position is a medical position where the patient lies on their back with the head lower than the legs. This position is often used in medical procedures or emergencies to improve blood flow to vital organs and promote venous return. It can also be used to treat conditions such as hypotension or shock.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following structures closes over the trachea to protect it during swallowing?
- A.
Pharynx
- B.
Epiglottis
- C.
Cricoid Cartilage
- D.
Diaphragm
Correct Answer
B. EpiglottisExplanation
The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage that closes over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering the airway. This helps to protect the trachea and prevent choking. The pharynx is a muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity to the esophagus and does not directly close over the trachea. The cricoid cartilage is a ring of cartilage located below the thyroid cartilage in the neck and does not close over the trachea. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that plays a role in breathing and does not close over the trachea.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The pulse palpated on the top of the foot is called the _______ pulse
- A.
Phalanx Proximalis
- B.
Tibialis posterior
- C.
Dorsalis pedis
- D.
Suprametatarsal
Correct Answer
C. Dorsalis pedisExplanation
The pulse palpated on the top of the foot is called the dorsalis pedis pulse. The term "dorsalis" refers to the top surface of the foot, while "pedis" refers to the foot itself. Therefore, the dorsalis pedis pulse is the pulse that can be felt on the top surface of the foot.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following structures receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cavae?
- A.
Right ventricle
- B.
Left ventricle
- C.
Right Atrium
- D.
Left Atrium
Correct Answer
C. Right AtriumExplanation
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cavae. The vena cavae are large veins that carry blood from the body back to the heart. The deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, then flows into the right ventricle before being pumped to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. The left ventricle then pumps the oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following is the function of the skin?
- A.
Regulation of body temperature
- B.
Regulation of salt and water balance
- C.
Protection from the environment
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The skin has multiple functions, including the regulation of body temperature, the regulation of salt and water balance, and protection from the environment. It helps in maintaining body temperature by sweating and shivering. The skin also plays a role in regulating the balance of salt and water in the body through the production of sweat and the reabsorption of water. Additionally, the skin acts as a barrier, protecting the body from harmful environmental factors such as UV radiation, pathogens, and chemicals. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."Rate this question:
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- 11.
An artery is a blood vessel that only:
- A.
Returns blood to the heart
- B.
Carries oxygenated blood
- C.
Carried deoxygenated blood
- D.
Carries blood away from the heart
Correct Answer
D. Carries blood away from the heartExplanation
An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Unlike veins, which carry blood back to the heart, arteries are responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the heart to various parts of the body. Arteries have thick, elastic walls that help maintain the pressure needed to propel blood forward. They branch out into smaller vessels called arterioles, which eventually lead to capillaries where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with tissues. The oxygen-depleted blood then returns to the heart through veins.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
- A.
Vena cava
- B.
Aorta
- C.
Pulmonary arteries
- D.
Pulmonary veins
Correct Answer
C. Pulmonary arteriesExplanation
The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. Once the blood reaches the lungs, it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide through the process of respiration. The oxygenated blood then returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins. Therefore, the correct answer is pulmonary arteries.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the bone on the thumb side of the forearm?
- A.
Fibula
- B.
Acromion
- C.
Radius
- D.
Ulna
Correct Answer
C. RadiusExplanation
The bone on the thumb side of the forearm is called the radius. The radius is one of the two bones in the forearm, with the other being the ulna. The radius runs along the thumb side of the forearm, while the ulna runs along the pinky side. The radius plays a crucial role in forearm rotation and helps to support the muscles of the forearm and hand.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart?
- A.
Left atrium
- B.
Right ventricle
- C.
Left ventricle
- D.
Right atrium
Correct Answer
C. Left ventricleExplanation
The left ventricle is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart. It is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the body, so it needs to be strong enough to generate enough pressure to push the blood through the systemic circulation. The left ventricle has thicker walls compared to the other chambers of the heart, allowing it to contract forcefully and efficiently. This strong contraction ensures that oxygenated blood is effectively distributed to the body's tissues and organs.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A clot cannot form without which of the following blood components?
- A.
Plasma
- B.
Corpuscles
- C.
Platelets
- D.
White blood cells
Correct Answer
C. PlateletsExplanation
Platelets are essential for the formation of blood clots. When there is an injury or damage to a blood vessel, platelets are activated and aggregate at the site to form a plug, which helps in stopping bleeding. They also release various substances that promote clotting, such as clotting factors and fibrin. Without platelets, the blood would not be able to clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding and difficulty in wound healing.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jan 22, 2013Quiz Created by
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