Em Spectrum - Ultraviolet

Explanation
Ultraviolet light has three subtypes: UVA, UVB, and UVC. UVA has the longest wavelength and is the least harmful, while UVC has the shortest wavelength and is the most dangerous. UVB falls in between and is responsible for causing sunburns and increasing the risk of skin cancer.

Explanation
Ultraviolet radiation is a known cause of skin cancer. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds can damage the DNA in skin cells, leading to the development of cancerous cells. Therefore, the statement that ultraviolet radiation does not cause skin cancer is false.

Explanation
UV light is used in forensics to detect blood because blood contains a component called hemoglobin that absorbs UV light. When UV light is shone on a surface, any blood present will appear as dark or black spots, making it easier for forensic investigators to identify and collect evidence. This technique is especially useful when trying to detect blood that may not be visible to the naked eye, such as in cases where the blood has been cleaned or diluted.

Explanation
UV rays are able to render microorganisms harmless. UV radiation has germicidal properties, meaning it can destroy or inactivate microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. When exposed to UV rays, the genetic material of these microorganisms is damaged, preventing them from reproducing and causing harm. Therefore, the statement that UV rays are unable to render microorganisms harmless is incorrect.

Explanation
UV rays are used in the NEWater process to disinfect the water. UV disinfection is a common method used in water treatment to kill or inactivate microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. UV rays are effective in destroying the genetic material of these microorganisms, preventing their ability to reproduce and cause harm. By using UV rays, NEWater ensures that the water is safe and free from harmful pathogens before it is reused or distributed for consumption.