Eastside Prep Anatomy - The Kidneys

Explanation
The kidneys are not located at the top of the ribcage. They are actually located in the lower back, on either side of the spine.

Explanation
The main function of the kidneys is to filter waste products and excess water from the blood, which are then excreted as urine. This process helps maintain the body's fluid balance, remove toxins, and regulate electrolyte levels. Therefore, the statement that the main function of the kidneys is to make urine from waste products and excess water found in the blood is true.

Explanation
The statement is false because only about one-fifth of the blood pumped by the heart goes to the kidneys, not one-quarter. The kidneys filter waste and excess fluid from the blood, but they do not process all of the blood in the body every hour.

Explanation
Nephrons are minute filtration units in the kidneys. They are responsible for filtering waste products and excess water from the blood, producing urine. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons, which consist of a glomerulus and a tubule. The glomerulus filters blood, while the tubule reabsorbs necessary substances and excretes waste products. Nephrons play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance and regulating blood pressure.

Explanation
When your blood pressure drops, your kidneys secrete an enzyme called renin. Renin plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which helps regulate blood pressure. Renin acts on a protein called angiotensinogen, converting it into angiotensin I. This is then converted into angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that helps raise blood pressure. Ultimately, this process helps to restore blood pressure to normal levels. Therefore, the correct answer is Renin.

Explanation
Dialysis is a procedure that replicates the blood cleansing function of healthy kidneys. It involves using a machine to filter waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are unable to perform this function properly. This helps to maintain the balance of electrolytes and fluids in the body. Oxymaralism, cortex replication, and chemotherapy are unrelated to the blood cleansing function of healthy kidneys.

Explanation
When the kidneys absorb more salt and water, it actually leads to an increase in blood pressure, not a decrease. This is because the increased salt and water retention causes an increase in the volume of blood circulating in the body, leading to higher blood pressure.

Explanation
Nephrons are tiny structures in the kidneys that play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess substances from the blood to form urine. Nitrogen compounds, salts, and acids are all substances that can be filtered out by the nephrons. However, sulfates are not typically filtered out by the nephrons. Therefore, the correct answer is sulfates.

Explanation
The kidneys are part of the urinary system. The urinary system is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance, regulating blood pressure, and removing toxins from the body. Therefore, the correct answer is urinary.

Explanation
People can live a normal healthy life with just one properly functioning kidney. The remaining kidney can compensate for the loss of the other kidney and perform its functions adequately. In some cases, individuals may even be born with only one kidney and still live a normal life without any health complications. Therefore, it is not necessary for people to have two properly functioning kidneys to live a normal healthy life.

Explanation
The correct answer is .963. This is because the question is asking for the number that represents nine hundred sixty three thousandths. The number .963 is the decimal representation of nine hundred sixty three thousandths, where the 9 is in the tenths place, the 6 is in the hundredths place, and the 3 is in the thousandths place.

Explanation
The kidneys are usually the size of a fist because they are located in the back of the abdomen, on either side of the spine. Their size allows them to fit comfortably in this space and perform their important functions, such as filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine.