Death: Part 1
Part 1 of the 3 tests
- 1.
The revolution in sea travel was aided by:
- A.
Merchants immediately switching from land routes to sea routes to take advantages of cheaper transportation costs.
- B.
The Chinese invention of the needle compass.
- C.
Political authorities who provided protection to merchant fleets.
- D.
The ability of ships to carry vastly greater quantities of merchandise than people or animals.
Correct Answer
A. Merchants immediately switching from land routes to sea routes to take advantages of cheaper transportation costs. -
- 2.
The rulers of the Russian lands looked to _____ for their religious and political models.
- A.
Rome
- B.
Byzantium
- C.
Paris
- D.
China
Correct Answer
B. Byzantium -
- 3.
The Christian saint who taught to townsfolk in Europe repentance and the daily contemplation of the sufferings of Christ and his mother Mary was:
- A.
Francis of Assisi
- B.
Augustine of Hippo
- C.
Thomas Aquinas
- D.
Averroes
Correct Answer
A. Francis of Assisi -
- 4.
The Christian scholar who sought to show that everything gradually converged to prove that Christianity was the only religion that fully met the aspirations of all rational human beings was
- A.
Averroes
- B.
Thomas Aquinas
- C.
Augustine of Hippo
- D.
Francis of Assisi
Correct Answer
B. Thomas Aquinas -
- 5.
The “Crusades” included all of the following except:
- A.
Most knights returned home after capturing Jerusalem, leaving Crusader kingdoms poorly defended.
- B.
The Christian forces were stretched thin and had poor supply lines.
- C.
In frustration, Crusader armies attacked the capital of the Christian Byzantine empire, Constantinople.
- D.
Muslim leaders viewed the Christian knights as a threat to the Islamic heartland
Correct Answer
D. Muslim leaders viewed the Christian knights as a threat to the Islamic heartland -
- 6.
The Islamic leader during the "Crusades" Usama ibn Munqidh:
- A.
Thought that the Franks were militarily inept and cowardly
- B.
Socialized with his Frankish neighbors
- C.
Admired the medical practices of the Franks
- D.
Was stunned that the Franks placed such severe restrictions on wives and daughters
Correct Answer
B. Socialized with his Frankish neighbors -
- 7.
One reason for the Mongols' success in conquering and governing extensive realms was their:
- A.
Openness to foreign ideas and foreigners
- B.
Ruthless suppression of intellectual and commercial life.
- C.
Exploitation of a strong navy to police their realms
- D.
Incorporation of Confucian ideas throughout their realms
Correct Answer
A. Openness to foreign ideas and foreigners -
- 8.
When Kubilia conquered the Southern Song Dynasty in China:
- A.
He killed all Song claimants to the throne and desecrated the Song imperial tombs.
- B.
He established a new ruling class for dynastic politics that was composed only of Mongol warriors.
- C.
He permitted his Mongol troops to pillage the countryside as “payment” for their service.
- D.
He allowed the Chinese elite to continue to govern local affairs.
Correct Answer
D. He allowed the Chinese elite to continue to govern local affairs. -
- 9.
Which of the following statements best describes the Mongols’ legacy in world history?
- A.
They forced conversion of much of India to Islam.
- B.
They encouraged extensive cross-cultural contacts and long-distance trade.
- C.
They diffused Western European technology to China.
- D.
They incorporated Japan into the Middle Kingdom.
Correct Answer
B. They encouraged extensive cross-cultural contacts and long-distance trade. -
- 10.
The main avenue of transmission for the Black Death was
- A.
Eurasian trade routes
- B.
Timur's armies
- C.
Ottomon Armies
- D.
Portuguese mariners in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans
Correct Answer
A. Eurasian trade routes -
- 11.
In Europe, many attributed the Black Death to:
- A.
Islamic magic
- B.
Amerindian diseases that spread to Europe
- C.
God's anger with humankind
- D.
Vikings raids spreading new illnesses
Correct Answer
C. God's anger with humankind -
- 12.
A dynasty is best defined as
- A.
A conquering army
- B.
A tribal confederation
- C.
A hereditary ruling family that passed power from one generation to the next
- D.
A system where the ruler oversees both secular and religious matters
Correct Answer
C. A hereditary ruling family that passed power from one generation to the next -
- 13.
The dramatic increases in European population between 1000 and 1300
- A.
Occurred despite detrimental climatic patters
- B.
Especially benefitted women of child-bearing age
- C.
Were primarily due to an increased birth rate outstripping relatively high medieval mortality rates
- D.
Led to populations with many more women than men due to constant warfare
Correct Answer
C. Were primarily due to an increased birth rate outstripping relatively high medieval mortality rates -
- 14.
The "agricultural revolution" of the High Middle Ages
- A.
Caused little change in the forested areas of Europe
- B.
Was in part brought about by a change from the two-field to the three-field system
- C.
Led to the demise of the cooperative agrictultural villages
- D.
Was in large part due to the development of the aratum, an iron ploughshare
Correct Answer
B. Was in part brought about by a change from the two-field to the three-field system -
- 15.
The village church
- A.
Was very harsh in its condemnation of pagan practices
- B.
Competed with pagan religions for converts
- C.
Was led by local priests who were often barely literate, peasants themselves with no firm grasp of orthodox religious practice or theology
- D.
Outlawed economic pursuits on its grounds
Correct Answer
C. Was led by local priests who were often barely literate, peasants themselves with no firm grasp of orthodox religious practice or theology -
- 16.
In medieval thought, women were considered
- A.
Equal to men in most things, but still inferior
- B.
By nature subservient and lesser beings than men
- C.
And equal partner of men in theory, but now in practice
- D.
Totally evil and in need of discipline
Correct Answer
B. By nature subservient and lesser beings than men -
- 17.
The knightly code of ethics known as chivalry included all of the following requirements except
- A.
Knights were to fights to defend the church
- B.
Knights were to protect the weak and defenseless
- C.
Knights were to love the poor
- D.
Winning glory should be the knights highest aim and motivating force
Correct Answer
C. Knights were to love the poor -
- 18.
The guild system of medieval European cities did all of the following except
- A.
Enforced standards and methods of production for various articles
- B.
Fixed prices at which finished goods could be sold
- C.
Set the numbers of people who could enter key trades and the procedures by which they could do so
- D.
Discouraged the use of apprenticeships for training new workers
Correct Answer
D. Discouraged the use of apprenticeships for training new workers -
- 19.
The Summa Theologica of Thomas Aquinas
- A.
Raised questions concerning theology and solved them by the dialectical method.
- B.
Rejected the scholastic method of dialectical reasoning.
- C.
Suggested that truths derived by reason were far inferior to those derived by faith.
- D.
Preached for an acceptance of homosexuality when most members of the church condemned it.
Correct Answer
A. Raised questions concerning theology and solved them by the dialectical method. -
- 20.
The Magna Carta was drawn up in
- A.
France
- B.
England
- C.
Italy
- D.
Germany
Correct Answer
B. England -
- 21.
The Magna Carta
- A.
Asserted royal rights over the church.
- B.
Gave the king the right to regulate all economic matters.
- C.
Limited the power of the English king.
- D.
Served to centralize government authority.
Correct Answer
C. Limited the power of the English king. -
- 22.
During the fourteenth-century development of the French monarchy
- A.
Philip II suffered defeats at the hands of King John.
- B.
Louis IX was known for his blatant denial of his subjects' rights.
- C.
King Alfonso X encouraged the development of three religions.
- D.
Philip IV inaugurated the Estates-General, France's first parliament.
Correct Answer
D. Philip IV inaugurated the Estates-General, France's first parliament. -
- 23.
Frederick II of Hohenstaufen
- A.
Was a dynamic man, but allowed his kingdom to fall into chaos by leading military ventures in Italy.
- B.
Was considered incompetent by his contemporaries.
- C.
Was a brilliant scholar who wrote treatises on political philosophy.
- D.
Was perhaps the greatest military leader of the Middle Ages.
Correct Answer
A. Was a dynamic man, but allowed his kingdom to fall into chaos by leading military ventures in Italy. -
- 24.
"Lay investiture" refers to the process by which
- A.
Secular lords took a decisive role in choosing prelates for all types of church offices.
- B.
Worthy lay people were educated for high office by the church.
- C.
Clerics guilty of high crimes were imprisoned in noble castles.
- D.
Lords were selected by clerics to become chivalric defenders of the church.
Correct Answer
A. Secular lords took a decisive role in choosing prelates for all types of church offices. -
- 25.
The investiture controversy refers to
- A.
The right of imperial courts to pass judgment on clerics.
- B.
The argument over who should get funds from church tithes.
- C.
The designation of heirs to the imperial throne.
- D.
The struggle between popes and lay rulers over who possesses the real power to appoint important clerics like bishops and abbots.
Correct Answer
D. The struggle between popes and lay rulers over who possesses the real power to appoint important clerics like bishops and abbots. -
- 26.
The church's practice of indulgences in the High Middle Ages was ultimately connected with
- A.
The relics of saints.
- B.
The church's doctrine of purgatory.
- C.
The remission of the temporal punishment due to sin.
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the above -
- 27.
The sacramental system of the Catholic church
- A.
Would not be clearly defined until the fifteenth century
- B.
Made the church an integral part of the people's lives from birth to death
- C.
Was deemed unnecessary as part of salvation by the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215.
- D.
Made the weekly reception of the Eucharist mandatory for all Christians.
Correct Answer
B. Made the church an integral part of the people's lives from birth to death -
- 28.
Saint Francis of Assisi stressed that
- A.
Human beings should strive to dominate the natural world.
- B.
God could only be understood through rigorous contemplation of nature.
- C.
Biblical precepts be rejected in organizing the new mendicant orders of the church.
- D.
His followers must accept strict vows of poverty.
Correct Answer
D. His followers must accept strict vows of poverty. -
- 29.
The Albigensians believed
- A.
In a dualism between good spiritual things and evil material ones.
- B.
That the Waldensians and Cathars were the emissaries of Satan.
- C.
That the Catholic church was the proper institution for all Christians.
- D.
That procreation helped free the soul from earthly bondage.
Correct Answer
A. In a dualism between good spiritual things and evil material ones. -
- 30.
The Albigensian heresy was viciously attacked and brutally crushed by the church because
- A.
The Cathars, or "pure ones," believed that Jesus was not divine and that the church was an evil, material creation and must be disobeyed.
- B.
The movement antagonized local nobles, and clerics sought to gain favor with them by killing the heretics.
- C.
Many cardinals took up its beliefs
- D.
Sympathizers with the movement lived throughout Christendom
Correct Answer
A. The Cathars, or "pure ones," believed that Jesus was not divine and that the church was an evil, material creation and must be disobeyed. -
- 31.
The Papal inquistion, or the Holy Office, a church court designed to try and punish heretics,
- A.
Encouraged accusations of heresy against anyone
- B.
Often utilized Dominican monks as inquisitors
- C.
Turned those deemed guilty over to secular authorities for execution
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the above -
- 32.
The persecutions against European Jews in the High Middle Ages were
- A.
Openly encouraged by Christian mendicants and preachers.
- B.
Continually opposed by European Christian monarchs.
- C.
Frequently carried out by Christian crusaders.
- D.
Tolerated by the popes.
- E.
A and c
Correct Answer
E. A and c -
- 33.
Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont in 1095
- A.
Promised remissions of sins for joining the crusades to recapture the Holy Land.
- B.
Appointed Peter the Hermit as leader of the crusades.
- C.
Urged the destruction of all Jewish settlements on the crusaders' way to the Holy Land.
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Promised remissions of sins for joining the crusades to recapture the Holy Land. -
- 34.
After taking the city of Jerusalem in 1099, the Christian soldiers of the First Crusade
- A.
Massacred most of the men, women, and children in the captured city.
- B.
Created four Christian crusader states with feudal institutions.
- C.
Sacked Constantinople on their way home.
- D.
Traveled to Rome to receive the pope's blessing.
- E.
A and b
Correct Answer
E. A and b -
- 35.
An important result of the First Crusade was
- A.
A cultural exchange between Christian soldiers and Muslims.
- B.
The establishment of four Latin kingdoms in Palestine, ruled by Emperor Alexius I.
- C.
Rapid economic growth and wealth for Italian commercial cities with maritime ties to the crusader states.
- D.
The economic rejuvenation of the Byzantine Empire.
Correct Answer
C. Rapid economic growth and wealth for Italian commercial cities with maritime ties to the crusader states. -
- 36.
The Black Death was most devastating in
- A.
Italy
- B.
Germany
- C.
Eastern Europe
- D.
Scandinavia
Correct Answer
A. Italy -
- 37.
The Black Death
- A.
Was one of many European plagues from the eighth century.
- B.
Started in northern Europe and moved southward to Italy.
- C.
Recurred in severe outbreaks for centuries.
- D.
Never reached England.
Correct Answer
C. Recurred in severe outbreaks for centuries. -
- 38.
The percentage of the European population believed to have been wiped out by the Black Death was
- A.
Ten to twenty
- B.
Twenty-five to fifty
- C.
Fifty to sixty
- D.
Over seventy-five
Correct Answer
B. Twenty-five to fifty -
- 39.
The persecutions against Jews during the Black Death
- A.
Were instigated at the calling of the Catholic church.
- B.
Led to the execution of nearly all of the Jews in eastern Europe.
- C.
Reached their worst excesses in German cities.
- D.
Had little to do with financial motives.
Correct Answer
C. Reached their worst excesses in German cities. -
- 40.
Economically, the great plague and the crises of the fourteenth century
- A.
Devastated peasants but not nobles.
- B.
Brought an economic boom to landlords.
- C.
Caused only minor changes in agricultural practices.
- D.
Raised wages because of a scarcity of labor.
Correct Answer
D. Raised wages because of a scarcity of labor. -
- 41.
Overall, due to the socioeconomic dislocations caused by the plague, the incomes of European aristocrats after 1347
- A.
Increased as they developed crushing monopolies on food supply.
- B.
Fell dramatically as the wages they paid to laborers went up while prices for their agricultural products fell due to lower aggregate demand
- C.
Remained largely unchanged especially in England.
- D.
Rose slowly as disruptions in urban trade cut into their profit margins for food supply.
Correct Answer
B. Fell dramatically as the wages they paid to laborers went up while prices for their agricultural products fell due to lower aggregate demand -
- 42.
A key economic consequence of the plague was
- A.
The rapid expansion of European civic banking to rebuild industry.
- B.
A decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for cash converted peasant labor service to market rents freeing their serfs.
- C.
The more frequent bankruptcy of monarchs as they emptied their treasuries trying to provide poor relief.
- D.
The very slow enrichment of middling peasant laborers who began to dominate rural communities.
Correct Answer
B. A decline in manorialism and weakening of feudalism as noble landlords desperate for cash converted peasant labor service to market rents freeing their serfs. -
- 43.
The Hundred Years' War between France and England grew out of
- A.
The strong personalities of Philip IV and Edward III.
- B.
The dispute over the lands in northern Italy.
- C.
Economic problems and revolts in Portugal.
- D.
A and b
Correct Answer
A. The strong personalities of Philip IV and Edward III. -
- 44.
Politically, Italy and Germany were similar in the fourteenth century because
- A.
The plague had equally devastated both regions.
- B.
Both regions failed to develop a centralized monarchical state.
- C.
Local nobles and town governments lost much influence over reigning kings.
- D.
Mercenary captains usurped royal authority and ruled violently.
Correct Answer
B. Both regions failed to develop a centralized monarchical state. -
- 45.
The chief ambition of the Venetian city-state in the fourteenth century was
- A.
Financial control of the Holy Roman Empire.
- B.
Inducing the bankruptcy of the papacy.
- C.
A policy of expansion to create a maritime commercial empire throughout the Mediterranean and Black seas.
- D.
Monopolizing the shipping of English wool to Flanders.
Correct Answer
C. A policy of expansion to create a maritime commercial empire throughout the Mediterranean and Black seas. -
- 46.
The Great Schism
- A.
Occurred when French forces executed the Italian pope on charges of heresy.
- B.
Further damaged the prestige and authority of the church.
- C.
Ended with the victory of Pope Clement VII.
- D.
Ended with the victory of Pope Urban VI.
Correct Answer
B. Further damaged the prestige and authority of the church. -
- 47.
One overall result of the Great Schism was to
- A.
Put an end to the church's previous financial abuses.
- B.
Introduce doctrinal uncertainty into the lives of Christians.
- C.
Rejuvenate Christianity as it had been on the decline throughout Europe.
- D.
End the abuse of pluralism.
Correct Answer
B. Introduce doctrinal uncertainty into the lives of Christians. -
- 48.
The Great Schism is known as that period in the history of the Catholic Church marked by
- A.
The creation and feuding of multiple popes.
- B.
The rise of new and powerful heretical movements.
- C.
The division of Christendom over the question of toleration for Jews.
- D.
Disagreements among Christian theologians over the justice of killing those condemned for witchcraft.
Correct Answer
A. The creation and feuding of multiple popes. -
- 49.
The chief accomplishment of the Council of Constance (1414- 1418) was
- A.
To set the earliest conditions for ending the Great Schism.
- B.
To order the sack of Rome by French forces.
- C.
To end once and for all the Great Schism by forcing the resignation or deposing all existing popes and paving the way for election of only one new pope, Martin V.
- D.
To support biblical scholarship revealing clear support in scripture for multiple popes.
Correct Answer
C. To end once and for all the Great Schism by forcing the resignation or deposing all existing popes and paving the way for election of only one new pope, Martin V. -
- 50.
Dante's Divine Comedy
- A.
Is considered a synthesis of medieval Christian thought.
- B.
Was one of the last fourteenth-century works to be written in Latin.
- C.
Lashed out at the "barbarity" of the classical tradition.
- D.
Attacked the science of Aristotle, the Holy Roman Emperor, and the Catholic church.
Correct Answer
A. Is considered a synthesis of medieval Christian thought. -
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Jan 11, 2017Quiz Edited by
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