Quiz On The Basics Of Computers: Computer Fundamentals

Antivirus software is designed to detect and remove viruses from a computer system. It works by scanning files and programs for known patterns or signatures of viruses, and if a match is found, the software takes appropriate action to remove the virus. This process helps protect the computer from potential harm and ensures the system's security. Therefore, the statement "Antivirus software detects and erases viruses" is true.

The resolution of a computer screen is measured in pixels. Pixels are the smallest unit of display on a screen, and the resolution refers to the number of pixels that can be displayed horizontally and vertically. A higher resolution means a greater number of pixels, resulting in a sharper and more detailed image on the screen.

A computer virus is a type of malicious software that can enter a computer system without the user's knowledge or consent. Once inside, it can replicate itself and spread to other files or systems, causing damage and disruption. This answer is correct because it accurately describes the behavior of a computer virus, highlighting its ability to infect a system invisibly, without the user being aware of its presence.

RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of computer memory that is volatile, meaning that its data is lost when the power is turned off or interrupted. This is in contrast to non-volatile memory, such as hard drives or solid-state drives, which retain data even when not powered. Therefore, the statement "RAM is volatile" is true, as it accurately describes the nature of this type of memory.

Connecting computers and peripherals to a surge protector is important because it helps protect them from power surges that can occur during electrical storms or when there are fluctuations in the power supply. Surge protectors are designed to absorb and redirect excess voltage, preventing it from reaching and potentially damaging the connected devices. This is especially important for expensive and sensitive electronic equipment like computers, as a power surge can cause irreversible damage to their components. Therefore, it is advisable to always connect computers and peripherals to a surge protector to ensure their safety and longevity.

Word, Excel, and Internet Explorer are all examples of application software. Application software refers to programs and software applications that are designed to perform specific tasks or functions for the user. In this case, Word and Excel are commonly used for creating and editing documents and spreadsheets, while Internet Explorer is a web browser used for accessing the internet. Application software is distinct from operating systems, which are responsible for managing the computer's hardware and software resources. It is also different from user files or research software, which are specific types of data or specialized software for specific purposes.

Long-term computer operation can lead to various risks such as eye strain, repetitive stress injuries, and fatigue. Extended periods of staring at a computer screen can cause eye strain, leading to discomfort and vision problems. Repetitive motions while using a computer, such as typing or using a mouse, can result in repetitive stress injuries like carpal tunnel syndrome. Additionally, sitting in one position for prolonged periods and engaging in mentally demanding tasks can lead to fatigue. Hence, all of the mentioned risks are associated with long-term computer operation.

The operating system controls all basic computer functions, allowing the user to interact with the hardware by giving simple commands. Additionally, it works with application programs to facilitate the saving and retrieval of work. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above."

The system unit houses the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is the main component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and managing the flow of data within the computer system. The system unit is the case that contains all the internal components of a computer, including the CPU, memory, motherboard, and storage devices. The other options listed (desktop, printer, speakers) are not housed within the system unit, as they are separate peripheral devices that connect to the computer.

Increasing the resolution setting on a monitor allows for more information to be displayed on the screen. This is because higher resolution settings increase the number of pixels on the screen, resulting in a sharper and more detailed image. With more pixels, the monitor can accommodate more content, such as text, images, and videos, without sacrificing clarity or quality. Therefore, it is true that the higher the resolution setting, the more can be displayed on the monitor.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is not a peripheral device because it is the main component of a computer system and is responsible for executing instructions. It is the "brain" of the computer and performs all the calculations and data processing. Peripheral devices, on the other hand, are external devices that connect to the computer and provide input or output functionality, such as the keyboard, monitor, and printer.

The speed of a new microprocessor is typically measured in billions of cycles per second (GHz). This measurement indicates the number of operations the microprocessor can perform in one second. The higher the GHz value, the faster the microprocessor can execute instructions and process data. This measurement is important in determining the overall performance and efficiency of the microprocessor in various computing tasks.

Kilobyte, megabyte, and gigabyte refer to thousand bytes, million bytes, and billion bytes, respectively. These terms are used to measure the size of digital information. A kilobyte is equal to 1,000 bytes, a megabyte is equal to 1 million bytes, and a gigabyte is equal to 1 billion bytes.

RAM and a disk drive have several differences. Firstly, RAM is temporary, meaning that it only holds data while the computer is powered on. On the other hand, a disk drive is relatively permanent as it retains data even when the computer is turned off. Additionally, hard drives generally have a greater storage capacity compared to RAM. Therefore, all of the above options accurately describe the differences between RAM and a disk drive.

A letter typed with a word processor and stored is called a user file because it refers to a file created by the user using a word processing software. This file contains the typed letter and can be stored on the computer's storage device for future access and editing. It is different from peripherals, which are external devices connected to the computer, and hardware and software, which are general terms referring to the physical components and programs of a computer system.

Laser printers are fast, with higher initial cost. This means that laser printers can print documents quickly, making them suitable for high-volume printing tasks. However, they tend to be more expensive to purchase initially compared to other types of printers.

When examining microprocessor performance, it is important to consider all of the options mentioned: clock speed, design, and mobile processors. Clock speed refers to the frequency at which the processor executes instructions, and a higher clock speed generally indicates better performance. Design encompasses factors such as architecture, number of cores, and cache size, which can greatly impact the processor's efficiency. Mobile processors are specifically designed for use in mobile devices, and their performance should be evaluated based on their specific requirements. Considering all of these factors is crucial in assessing microprocessor performance.

Port ratio is not a feature to consider when purchasing a monitor. The port ratio refers to the number and type of ports available on the monitor, such as HDMI, VGA, or DisplayPort. While the availability of different ports is important for connecting the monitor to other devices, it is not a direct feature of the monitor itself. The other options, including screen size, native resolution, and viewing angle, are all important factors to consider when choosing a monitor as they directly affect the visual quality and user experience.

CD/DVD is not a port type because it refers to a type of storage medium rather than a type of port. USB, Video, and Parallel are all examples of port types that are used for connecting different devices to a computer. USB ports are commonly used for connecting peripherals such as keyboards, mice, and external hard drives. Video ports are used for connecting displays or projectors to a computer. Parallel ports were commonly used for connecting printers and other devices, although they have become less common in recent years.

The statement is false because "floppy," "hard," "CD," "DVD," "USB," "external," and "Flash" are not types of drives, but rather different types of storage devices or media that can be used with drives. Drives refer to the physical components that read and write data from/to these storage devices or media.