Computer Applications: Unit One Review Test

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the main component of a computer that performs most of the processing inside the system. In the human body, the brain acts as the central processing unit. It is responsible for controlling and coordinating various bodily functions, processing sensory information, and executing complex tasks. Just like the CPU in a computer, the brain plays a crucial role in processing and interpreting information, making it the most appropriate representation of the CPU in the human body.

If the computer will not come on, the first thing that should be checked is the power source. This is because if there is no power supply, the computer will not be able to turn on. It is important to ensure that the power cable is properly connected to both the computer and the power outlet, and that there is electricity flowing to the outlet. By checking the power source first, any potential power-related issues can be identified and resolved, allowing the computer to turn on successfully.

An output device is a device that receives information from a computer and displays or prints it. A printer is an output device as it takes digital information from a computer and produces a physical copy of it on paper. The keyboard and mouse are input devices as they allow the user to input information into the computer. The scanner is also an input device as it allows the user to input physical documents or images into the computer.

The first electronic digital computer was not lightweight and easy to move around. This is because the first electronic digital computer, known as the ENIAC, was huge and weighed about 30 tons. It occupied a large room and required a lot of space for its operation. Therefore, it was not designed to be easily portable or moved around.

A microphone is an example of an input device because it allows users to input audio into a computer or recording device. It converts sound waves into electrical signals that can be processed and stored. This makes it possible to record voice, music, or any other sound and use it as input for various applications such as voice recognition, audio recording, or video conferencing. Unlike printers, monitors, and CPUs, which are output or processing devices, a microphone specifically functions to input audio data into a system.

The Altair 8800 is considered to be the first personal computer because it was the first commercially successful microcomputer kit. It was released in 1975 by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS). The Altair 8800 had an Intel 8080 microprocessor and was sold as a build-it-yourself kit. It gained popularity among hobbyists and computer enthusiasts, marking the beginning of the personal computer revolution. Apple I and Apple II were also early personal computers, but they were released after the Altair 8800. Apple III was released even later and had limited success in the market.

ENIAC was the computer system designed to calculate the range of artillery shells and other math equations. ENIAC, which stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, was one of the earliest general-purpose electronic computers. It was developed during World War II and primarily used for military calculations, including artillery trajectory calculations. ENIAC was a significant advancement in computing technology and played a crucial role in various scientific and military applications.

A computer is a machine capable of executing instructions of data. This definition encompasses the fundamental purpose of a computer, which is to process and manipulate data through the execution of instructions. The other options provided do not accurately define a computer, as they either describe the physical components of a computer or make assumptions about its purpose.

RAM stands for Random Access Memory. When you open a program or play a game, all the information is temporarily stored in RAM until it is saved to a more permanent location, such as the hard drive. RAM is a type of computer memory that allows for quick access to data, and having enough RAM installed is crucial for smooth operation of programs and games. If you don't have enough RAM, your computer may run slow as it struggles to handle the demands of the software being used.

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The main point made in the last paragraph is that monitors allow a user to upgrade and enhance overall visual performance for an economical price. This means that monitors provide the opportunity for users to improve the quality of their visual experience on a computer without having to spend a lot of money. This suggests that monitors are a cost-effective way to enhance the overall performance and enjoyment of using a computer.

The combination of Input, Process, Output, and Storage in a computer system is known as the Information Processing Cycle. This cycle represents the flow of data and information within a computer system. Input refers to the data that is entered into the system, Process involves the manipulation and transformation of this data, Output is the result or information that is produced by the system, and Storage is the retention of data for future use. The Information Processing Cycle encompasses all these stages, illustrating how data is processed and transformed into meaningful information.

A hard drive is a device that stores pictures, music, applications, and videos on a personal computer system. It is a non-volatile storage device that retains data even when the computer is turned off. Unlike RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory), which are temporary and permanent storage respectively, the hard drive provides long-term storage capacity for various types of files. The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, but it does not directly store files.

The passage suggests that one thing that is common about video cards is that they change on a frequent basis. This implies that video cards are constantly being updated and improved, indicating that newer and better versions are regularly released in the market.

External Devices is not one of the four main components of a computer. The four main components are Input Devices, Auxiliary Storage, Systems Unit, and Output Devices. External Devices, although they can be connected to a computer, are not considered a core component of the computer itself. They include devices such as printers, scanners, and external hard drives, which provide additional functionality but are not essential for the basic operation of the computer.

The correct answer is "Examine what items should be considered when purchasing a computer system." The passage provides information about the factors that should be taken into consideration when buying a computer system, such as performance, price, and warranty. It discusses the different components and features that buyers should evaluate before making a purchase.

Stephen Jobs and Steve Wozniak added several major components to the personal computer, including the keyboard, monitor, and disk storage. However, the item that they did not add was the mouse. The mouse was actually invented by Douglas Engelbart and was later popularized by Apple with the release of the Macintosh in 1984.

RAM (Memory) is not a type of auxiliary storage because it is a form of primary storage in a computer system. Auxiliary storage refers to external devices used to store data and programs, while RAM is used for temporary storage of data that is actively being used by the computer's processor. Flash drives, hard drives, and CD-ROMs are all examples of auxiliary storage devices that can be used to store data for long-term or offline use.