Cognitive development refers to the process by which a person thinks and gains understanding through the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. It encompasses the growth and development of cognitive abilities such as perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and reasoning. This process involves the assimilation and accommodation of new information and experiences, as well as the development of cognitive skills and strategies. It is influenced by both genetic factors, which provide the foundation for cognitive abilities, and environmental factors, such as social interactions and educational experiences, that shape and enhance cognitive development.