Clic Cosmetology: Properties Of The Hair And Scalp (Part 1)
Hairstyling services should be grounded in a thorough understanding of the growth, structure, and composition of hair. The scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care is called trichology, which comes from the Greek words trichos (hair) and ology (the study of). This informs you about the structure of the hair, the chemical composition of hair, hair analysis, hair growth, hair loss, disorders of the hair, and disorders of the scalp.
- 1.The part of the hair located below the surface of the scalp.
- A.
Hair root
- B.
Hair shaft
- 2.The portion of the hair that projects above the skin.
- A.
Hair root
- B.
Hair shaft
- 3.The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root.
- A.
Hair bulb
- B.
Dermal papilla
- C.
Arrector pili
- D.
Follicle
- E.
Sebaceous glands
- 4.The lowest area or part of a hair strand. It is the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root.
- A.
Dermal papilla
- B.
Arrector pili
- C.
Hair bulb
- D.
Follicle
- E.
Sebaceous glands
- 5.A small, cone-shaped elevation located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb.
- A.
Arrector pili
- B.
Dermal papilla
- C.
Hair bulb
- D.
Follicle
- E.
Sebaceous glands
- 6.A minute, involuntary muscle fiber in the skin inserted in the base of the hair follicle.
- A.
Arrector pili
- B.
Hair bulb
- C.
Follicle
- D.
Sebaceous glands
- E.
Dermal papilla
- 7.The oil glands of the skin, connected to the hair follicles.
- A.
Hair bulb
- B.
Follicle
- C.
Sebaceous glands
- D.
Dermal papilla
- E.
Arrector pili
- 8.The sebaceous glands secrete an oily substance called _______, which lubricates the hair and skin.
- 9.The _______ is the outermost layer of the hair.
- A.
Cortex
- B.
Medulla
- C.
Cuticle
- 10.The ________ is the middle layer of the hair. It is a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment.
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Cortex
- C.
Cuticle
- 11.The __________ is the innermost layer, sometimes referred to as the pith of the hair. It is composed of round cells.
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Cortex
- C.
Cuticle
- 12.Hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. This is where the hair shaft begin. As soon as these living cells form, they begin their journey upward through the hair follicle. They mature in a process called ____________. As these newly formed cells mature, they fill up with a fibrous protein called keratin, then move upward, lose their nucleus and die.
- A.
COHNS elements
- B.
Anagen
- C.
Keratinization
- 13.There are five elements that make up the human hair. These five elements are also the major elements found in skin and nails and are often referred to as the COHNS elements. What does COHNS stand for?
- A.
Calcium, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nickel, Silicon
- B.
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur
- C.
Copper, Oxygen, Helium, Nitrogen, Sodium
- 14.The units of structure in protein, are linked together end to end like pop beads.
- A.
Peptide bonds
- B.
Amino acids
- C.
Polypeptide chain
- 15.The chemical bond that joins amino acids to each other is called a __________ or end bond.
- A.
Polypeptide chain
- B.
Hydrogen bond
- C.
Peptide bond
- 16.A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a polypeptide chain.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.The cortex, middle layer of the hair, is made up of millions of polypeptide chains. These polypeptide chains are cross-linked together, like a ladder, by three different types of side bonds. What are the three side bonds?
- A.
Hydrogen, sodium, disulfide
- B.
Hydrogen, sulfur, disulfide
- C.
Hydrogen, salt, disulfide
- 18.A ___________ is a physical side bond that is easily broken by water or heat.
- A.
Salt bond
- B.
Disulfide bond
- C.
Hydrogen bond
- 19.A ____________ is a physical side bond that is broken by changes in pH.
- A.
Disulfide bond
- B.
Salt bond
- C.
Hydrogen bond
- 20.A ____________ is a chemical side bond that is not broken by heat or water. A _________ joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring cysteine amino acids to create cystine.
- A.
Disulfide bond
- B.
Salt bond
- C.
Hydrogen bond
- 21.All natural hair color is the result of the pigment located within the cortex. _________ is the tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair.
- A.
Pheomelanin
- B.
Melanin
- C.
Eumelanin
- 22.Provides brown and black color to hair.
- A.
Pheomelanin
- B.
Eumelanin
- C.
Melanin
- 23.Provides natural hair colors from red and ginger to yellow/blonde tones.
- A.
Pheomelanin
- B.
Eumelanin
- C.
Melanin
- 24.The ___________ of the hair refers to the amount of movement in the hair strand and is described as straight, wavy, curly, or extremely curly.
- A.
Hair texture
- B.
Wave pattern
- C.
Hair density
- D.
Hair porosity
- 25.Several different theories seek to explain the cause of naturally curly hair. The most popular theory claims that the shape of the hair's cross-section determines the amount of curl. This theory states that hair with a round cross-section is straight, hair with an oval cross-section is wavy, and hair wit ha flat cross-section is curly.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Back to top