Chapter 9 To 12 Homework

One is education and training; the other is specific physical requirements and required skills. This means that while education and training are important for a certain job or profession, there are also specific physical requirements and skills that are necessary to perform the job effectively. Education and training provide the knowledge and theoretical understanding, while specific physical requirements and required skills ensure that individuals have the physical abilities and practical skills needed to carry out the tasks and responsibilities of the job. Both aspects are crucial for success in a particular field.

Health professionals often receive medical insurance as part of their employment benefits, which helps cover the costs of medical treatments and medications. Additionally, they may also be entitled to sick leave, which allows them to take time off work when they are ill without any loss of income. These benefits are important for health professionals as they ensure that they have access to necessary medical care and support when needed, and also provide financial security during periods of illness.

The answer 75 suggests that approximately 75% of employers do not check references on potential employees. This means that a significant majority of employers do not take the step of contacting the references provided by job applicants to verify their qualifications, skills, and past experiences. This could be due to various reasons such as time constraints, reliance on other methods of evaluation, or simply a lack of importance placed on reference checks in the hiring process.

When checking references on a job application, it is important to ask permission from the job applicant or potential employee. This is because their consent is necessary before contacting their references. By obtaining their permission, it ensures that their privacy is respected and that they are aware of the process. It also demonstrates professionalism and respect for the individual's rights.

The correct answer is "three". A three-month probationary period is commonly recommended for new employees. This period allows the employer to assess the employee's performance, skills, and fit within the organization before making a final decision on their employment. It provides both parties with an opportunity to determine if the job is a good fit and if any adjustments need to be made.

The question asks for examples of a cultural component related to one's national heritage, race, tribe, clan, and language. The term "ethnic background" encompasses all of these examples, as it refers to a person's cultural and ancestral heritage, including their nationality, race, tribe, clan, and language. It is a broad term that encompasses various aspects of a person's cultural identity and background.

Life experiences, as a cultural component, shape how individuals adjust to life's challenges. This suggests that the experiences a person goes through in their life, influenced by their cultural background, play a significant role in determining how they cope and adapt to various difficulties they encounter. These experiences can include personal achievements, traumatic events, exposure to different cultures, and societal norms, all of which contribute to shaping an individual's resilience, problem-solving skills, and overall ability to navigate life's obstacles.

A health care professional is responsible for making sure an interpreter is available when necessary to ensure that the client understands his/her treatment and care. This is because effective communication is crucial in healthcare settings to ensure that patients receive the appropriate care and make informed decisions about their health. Language barriers can hinder this communication, so it is the responsibility of the health care professional to arrange for interpreters to bridge the gap and facilitate effective communication between the client and the healthcare team.

The Massachusetts 2006 law mandates that every citizen earning $9,500 or less annually is provided with insurance without any cost. Additionally, businesses that fail to offer health insurance are required to pay a $295 annual fee for each employee.

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) applies to employment in the health care setting by requiring employers with 50 or more employees to provide 12 weeks of job-protected and unpaid leave for family and medical reasons. This means that eligible employees can take time off from work to care for their own serious health condition, to care for a family member with a serious health condition, or for the birth or adoption of a child. The employer is required to hold the employee's job or provide an equivalent position upon their return from leave.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that the AMA's Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs recommends that physicians should only consider ethically appropriate criteria when making allocation decisions of scarce medical resources. These criteria include factors such as the quality of life, the benefit and duration of benefit, and the urgency of need. Therefore, it is true that physicians should only consider these ethical criteria when making allocation decisions.

The statement suggests that a person's reaction to health and illness is not just influenced by their cultural components, but also by their attitude and perception. This implies that how a person views and approaches health and illness is shaped by their beliefs, values, and experiences, as well as their overall mindset. Therefore, the statement is true as it highlights the comprehensive nature of one's attitude and perception towards health and illness.

Oregon was the first state to pass a program for rationing health care in the United States. This means that Oregon implemented a system for allocating limited healthcare resources to patients based on certain criteria, such as medical need or cost-effectiveness. This decision by Oregon demonstrates their proactive approach in addressing the issue of healthcare resource allocation and may have served as a model for other states to develop similar programs.

Personnel policies should be written in an office policy manual because it provides a clear and consistent set of guidelines for employees to follow. Having written policies ensures that all employees are aware of the expectations and rules within the organization, which helps to maintain a fair and equitable work environment. Additionally, an office policy manual serves as a reference document for both employees and management, providing guidance on various employment-related matters such as benefits, leave policies, disciplinary procedures, and more. Overall, having written personnel policies in an office policy manual promotes transparency, consistency, and effective management of the workforce.

It is important for managers to evaluate employees at regular employment intervals in order to assess their performance, provide feedback, identify areas for improvement, and make decisions about promotions, raises, or disciplinary actions. Regular evaluations help to ensure that employees are meeting job expectations and can contribute to the overall success of the organization.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that according to Purnell's and Paulanka's book Transcultural Health Care, the four stages of culturally sensitive care are continuous. This means that these stages are not separate or isolated, but rather they are ongoing and interconnected. Culturally sensitive care involves a continuous process of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation, in order to provide effective and appropriate healthcare to individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds.

The statement is true because DRG (Diagnosis Related Group) is indeed a classification system that groups clients together based on similarities in diagnosis, treatment, and their consumption of hospital resources. This system helps in organizing and categorizing patients, which is useful for various purposes such as billing, reimbursement, and research.

A large portion of Americans without adequate health care coverage are children. This statement is true because many children in the United States do not have access to proper health care coverage. This can be due to various reasons such as low-income households, lack of insurance options, or being ineligible for government programs. The lack of adequate health care coverage for children can have detrimental effects on their overall well-being and can lead to long-term health issues if not addressed.

ICD-10-CM is indeed a classification system that includes diagnostic categories, specific DRG (Diagnosis Related Group) numbers, and monetary values. It is used to categorize and code diseases, injuries, and other health conditions for the purpose of billing and reimbursement. The system helps healthcare providers and insurance companies to accurately identify and classify medical conditions, which in turn affects the payment and reimbursement process. Therefore, the statement "ICD-10-CM is a classification of diagnostic categories, specific DRG numbers, and monetary values" is true.

The statement suggests that every interaction or communication with a client involves crossing cultural boundaries. This implies that clients come from diverse cultural backgrounds, and it is important to be aware of and sensitive to these cultural differences when engaging with them.

Hiring and keeping employees can be expensive and time-consuming due to various factors such as recruitment costs, training expenses, onboarding processes, and employee turnover. Companies often invest significant resources in finding and retaining talented individuals, including advertising job openings, conducting interviews, conducting background checks, and providing training and development opportunities. Additionally, organizations may incur costs related to employee benefits, salaries, and ongoing support and management. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that hiring and keeping employees are indeed expensive and time-consuming tasks.

The correct answer is "elderly (Medicare)". The sentence states that those without adequate health care coverage are the elderly who rely on a federal program. This implies that the federal program being referred to is Medicare, which is specifically designed to provide health care coverage for the elderly. The mention of Part D for medication coverage further supports this explanation, as Part D is a specific component of Medicare that covers prescription drugs.

Ethics and economics both play a role in allocation and access decisions, but the greatest influence is political. Political factors such as government policies, regulations, and political ideologies often shape the decisions regarding resource allocation and access to goods and services. Political decisions can prioritize certain groups or sectors, determine the distribution of resources, and shape the overall economic landscape. Therefore, while ethics and economics are important, political factors tend to have the most significant impact on allocation and access decisions.

The potential discrimination problem areas in employment include marital status, sex, and disabilities. This means that individuals may face discrimination based on their marital status, gender, or any disabilities they may have. These factors can influence hiring decisions, promotions, and overall treatment in the workplace. It is important for employers to be aware of these potential problem areas and ensure that they are not discriminating against individuals based on these characteristics.

Collection agencies are typically employed as a last resort when other attempts to collect payment have failed. This implies that they are not the first choice for resolving outstanding debts. The other options provided in the question are not accurate explanations for collection agencies. There is no mention of generating positive emotions from clients, the Better Business Bureau does not recommend or not recommend collection agencies, and there is no indication that clinical data on clients is required.

The statement "Role models and mentors remain basically the same among cultures" is false. Role models and mentors can vary significantly across different cultures. Different cultures have different values, beliefs, and norms, which can influence the qualities and characteristics that are valued in a role model or mentor. Additionally, the expectations and roles of role models and mentors may differ across cultures. Therefore, it is incorrect to assume that role models and mentors remain the same among cultures.

In today's health care climate of managed care, clients do expect and are interested in cost estimates of their medical services. This is because managed care often involves cost-sharing arrangements, such as deductibles and copayments, where clients are responsible for a portion of the cost. Therefore, clients have a vested interest in knowing the cost estimates of their medical services to make informed decisions about their healthcare and manage their out-of-pocket expenses.

The correct answer is "All of the above" because values are indeed morals or standards that are acceptable in a culture, they are also the standards that are practiced in a culture, and they can be determined by factors such as family, religious beliefs, and culture.

In entering a new culture of mutual respect and teamwork, the healthcare professional will find acceptance of persons for who they are. This suggests that individuals in this culture are open-minded and inclusive, valuing diversity and treating others with respect regardless of their background or characteristics. It implies that there is a positive and non-judgmental environment where people can be themselves without fear of discrimination or prejudice.

Medicare provides insurance for individuals who are 65 years of age or older. In addition to this, it also covers individuals who have chronic renal failure and require kidney dialysis or those who have undergone a kidney transplant. This means that Medicare extends its coverage to individuals who have specific medical needs related to kidney health, ensuring that they have access to necessary treatments and procedures.

Immediate termination of an employee can be justified for several reasons. Breach of confidentiality indicates a serious violation of trust and can harm the company's reputation. Disregard for client safety shows a lack of responsibility and can lead to legal consequences. Fraudulent actions demonstrate dishonesty and can result in financial loss for the company. Therefore, all of the mentioned reasons are valid grounds for immediate termination of an employee.

The statement suggests that if there are only two different positions in a medical practice, job descriptions are unnecessary. However, this is not true. Job descriptions are important regardless of the number of positions in a medical practice as they provide clarity on roles, responsibilities, and expectations for each position. Job descriptions help in ensuring that employees understand their duties and help in effective communication and coordination within the practice. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

The given statement is false. Regulation Z of the Consumer Protection Act of 1968 is not regulated by the Internal Revenue Service. Regulation Z, also known as the Truth in Lending Act, is actually regulated by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), which is an independent agency of the United States government. The Internal Revenue Service, on the other hand, is responsible for administering and enforcing tax laws in the country.

The statement that the employment interview is the least important step in the hiring process is false. The employment interview is a crucial step as it allows employers to assess the candidate's qualifications, skills, and fit for the job. It provides an opportunity for both the employer and the candidate to ask questions and gather additional information. The interview helps in evaluating the candidate's communication skills, problem-solving abilities, and cultural fit within the organization. Ultimately, the interview plays a significant role in the final hiring decision.

The correct answer is 45 million. This number represents the estimated amount of people in the United States who do not have health insurance coverage. This can be due to various reasons such as lack of affordability, unemployment, or ineligibility for government programs. The high number of uninsured individuals highlights the ongoing issue of healthcare accessibility and affordability in the country.

The correct answer is 15 or more employees. According to the federal law, employers are prohibited from discriminating on any form of application when they have 15 or more employees. This means that once an employer reaches this threshold, they are legally required to ensure equal treatment and opportunities for all applicants, regardless of their race, gender, age, or other protected characteristics. This law aims to promote fairness and prevent discrimination in the workplace.

The Equal Credit Opportunity Act does not specifically provide a time frame for clients to complain about errors in their billing. However, the Fair Credit Billing Act does require creditors to investigate and respond to billing error complaints within 60 days. Therefore, the statement that the Equal Credit Opportunity Act allows clients 60 days to complain about errors in their billing is false.

Good collection practices include establishing appropriate fees for service and discussing them with clients, providing an opportunity to pay cash when services are received, and providing office brochures that give information about the clinic's services. However, billing for all co-payments, deductibles, or exclusions is not considered a good collection practice as it may lead to confusion or disputes with clients.

This scenario exemplifies the cultural component of gender. The teenager's statement reflects a stereotype that assumes girls in his country must be virgins, implying that they are expected to uphold a certain sexual purity. This belief is based on societal expectations and norms surrounding gender roles and expectations.

The correct answer is "Indicate to whom an employee is responsible." This answer is supported by the information provided in the job descriptions. The job descriptions typically include information about the responsibilities and duties of the job, including who the employee will report to or be responsible to. This information helps to establish the reporting structure within the organization and clarifies the chain of command.

The correct answer is "Should be described in an appropriate collection policy." This means that the process of collecting overdue accounts should be clearly outlined and documented in a collection policy. This policy will provide guidelines on how to handle overdue accounts, including steps to be taken, communication methods, and any legal actions that may be necessary. Having a collection policy ensures consistency and helps the physician's office handle overdue accounts in a fair and professional manner.

A policy manual is a working document that includes various topics such as client confidentiality, smoking, work week and hours, and discipline. It serves as a guide for practice employees to understand the expectations and rules related to these topics. It helps ensure consistency and clarity in the practice's policies and procedures. Additionally, the fact that the law mandates updating the policy manual every 5 years suggests that it is an important document that needs to be regularly reviewed and revised to stay current with any changes in regulations or best practices.

The correct answer is "Properly identifying yourself when contacting a debtor." This is because the Federal Trade Commission's regulations for debt collection require debt collectors to clearly identify themselves when contacting a debtor. This helps to ensure transparency and prevent confusion or potential scams. Notifying a debtor's employer of the unpaid debt, sending a postcard with a vague message, and calling debtors outside of reasonable hours are all practices that are not recommended or allowed by the FTC regulations.

The correct answer is "Automatically provide culturally sensitive care." This means that in stage four of giving transcultural health care, individuals are able to provide care that is sensitive to different cultures without needing to consciously think about it or make an effort to do so. They have developed a level of understanding and competence in providing care that is respectful and responsive to the cultural needs and preferences of diverse patients.

Medical savings accounts provide a method for some individuals to purchase medical insurance by making tax-free deposits to this type of account. These accounts allow individuals to set aside money specifically for medical expenses, which can be used to cover deductibles, copayments, and other healthcare costs. By making tax-free deposits, individuals can save money on taxes while also ensuring that they have funds available for medical needs. Medical savings accounts are a way to help individuals manage their healthcare expenses and provide a financial safety net for medical emergencies.

The correct answer is the distribution of available health care resources. This refers to how limited medical resources, such as hospital beds, ventilators, and vaccines, are allocated among individuals and populations. It involves making decisions on who gets access to these resources based on factors like medical need, urgency, and the potential to benefit from the treatment. This allocation process aims to ensure fairness and maximize the overall health outcomes of the population.

Microallocation refers to the allocation of resources at an individual level or on a small scale. In this context, hospitals determining who shall occupy the one available bed in intensive care is an example of microallocation. This decision is made on a case-by-case basis, considering factors such as the severity of the patient's condition, their medical needs, and the availability of resources. It is a specific decision that affects one individual's access to intensive care, making it an example of microallocation.

This question is asking about a cultural component that is exemplified by the scenario of two pregnant women entering a prenatal clinic. The scenario mentions that one woman has a PhD and works in the nursing department at a local college, while the other woman is Amish and has three children. The cultural component being exemplified in this scenario is educational preparation. This is because it highlights the different levels of education and professional backgrounds of the two women, which can have an impact on their experiences and perspectives in the prenatal clinic.

The statement is false because the American Medical Association has not supported government health reform.

The Truth in Lending Act is a federal law that is enforced by the Federal Trade Commission. It aims to protect consumers by requiring lenders to provide clear and accurate information about the terms and costs of borrowing. This includes disclosing finance charges, such as interest rates and fees, to ensure transparency and prevent deceptive practices. Therefore, options A and C are correct.