Chemhw5.7

The Celsius temperature scale is based on the Kelvin scale, where 0°C is equal to 273.15 K. To convert from Kelvin to Celsius, we need to subtract 273.15 from the given temperature in Kelvin. Therefore, the Celsius temperature equivalent to 252 K is -21°C.

When a gas is heated, its volume increases. Similarly, when a gas is cooled, its volume decreases. This is known as Charles's Law. In this question, the balloon starts at a temperature of 295 K and then rises to an altitude where the temperature is 252 K. As the temperature decreases, the volume of the balloon will also decrease. Since the original volume of the balloon is given as 52.5 liters, we can conclude that the volume of the balloon at the higher altitude will be less than 52.5 liters. Therefore, the correct answer is any option that is less than 52.5 liters, which includes 99.6L, 99.7L, and 100L.

As the temperature decreases from 295 K to 252 K, the gas particles in the weather balloon will move slower. This is because temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of gas particles. When the temperature decreases, the average kinetic energy decreases, causing the gas particles to move slower.

To find the pressure in atmospheres (atm) that is equal to 45.6 kPa, we can use the given hint to construct a ratio. We know that the volume and temperature of the balloon change as it rises. Using the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, we can set up the ratio of the initial pressure to the final pressure (P1/P2) equal to the ratio of the initial temperature to the final temperature (T1/T2). By rearranging the equation, we can solve for the final pressure (P2) by multiplying the initial pressure (P1) by the ratio of the final temperature (T2) to the initial temperature (T1). Plugging in the given values, we can calculate that the pressure in atmospheres (atm) equal to 45.6 kPa is approximately 0.45 atm.

At higher temperatures and lower pressures, gases are more likely to behave like ideal gases. In this case, the combination of 750 K temperature and 20 kPa pressure would create conditions where helium would behave most like an ideal gas.

According to kinetic molecular theory, when a gas is heated, the average velocity of the gas molecules increases. This is because heating the gas increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to move faster. As the molecules move faster, their average velocity increases. This increase in average velocity is a result of the increased kinetic energy of the gas molecules due to heating.