Chemhw5.7

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Chemhw5.7 - Quiz

These questions are sort of a mishmash. don't fret. look at Table T. and your notes.
REMEMBER: PERIOD# followed by FIRST & LAST NAME
you must score at least 70

Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    A weather balloon has a volume of 52.5 liters at a temperature of 295 K. The balloon is released and rises to an altitude where the temperature is 252 K. How does this temperature change affect the gas particle motion? [1]

    Explanation
    As the temperature decreases from 295 K to 252 K, the gas particles in the weather balloon will move slower. This is because temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of gas particles. When the temperature decreases, the average kinetic energy decreases, causing the gas particles to move slower.

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  • 2. 

    A weather balloon has a volume of 52.5 liters at a temperature of 295 K. The balloon is released and rises to an altitude where the temperature is 252 K. The original pressure at 295 K was 100.8 kPa and the pressure at the higher altitude at 252 K is 45.6 kPa. Assume the balloon does not burst. In the space below, calculate the volume of the balloon at the higher altitude. [1]

    Explanation
    When a gas is heated, its volume increases. Similarly, when a gas is cooled, its volume decreases. This is known as Charles's Law. In this question, the balloon starts at a temperature of 295 K and then rises to an altitude where the temperature is 252 K. As the temperature decreases, the volume of the balloon will also decrease. Since the original volume of the balloon is given as 52.5 liters, we can conclude that the volume of the balloon at the higher altitude will be less than 52.5 liters. Therefore, the correct answer is any option that is less than 52.5 liters, which includes 99.6L, 99.7L, and 100L.

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  • 3. 

    A weather balloon has a volume of 52.5 liters at a temperature of 295 K. The balloon is released and rises to an altitude where the temperature is 252 K. What Celsius temperature is equal to 252 K? [1]

    Explanation
    The Celsius temperature scale is based on the Kelvin scale, where 0°C is equal to 273.15 K. To convert from Kelvin to Celsius, we need to subtract 273.15 from the given temperature in Kelvin. Therefore, the Celsius temperature equivalent to 252 K is -21°C.

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  • 4. 

    A weather balloon has a volume of 52.5 liters at a temperature of 295 K. The balloon is released and rises to an altitude where the temperature is 252 K. What pressure, in atmospheres (atm), is equal to 45.6 kPa? [1] (HINT:  construct a ratio and cross multiply)

    Explanation
    To find the pressure in atmospheres (atm) that is equal to 45.6 kPa, we can use the given hint to construct a ratio. We know that the volume and temperature of the balloon change as it rises. Using the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, we can set up the ratio of the initial pressure to the final pressure (P1/P2) equal to the ratio of the initial temperature to the final temperature (T1/T2). By rearranging the equation, we can solve for the final pressure (P2) by multiplying the initial pressure (P1) by the ratio of the final temperature (T2) to the initial temperature (T1). Plugging in the given values, we can calculate that the pressure in atmospheres (atm) equal to 45.6 kPa is approximately 0.45 atm.

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  • 5. 

    Under which conditions of temperature and pressure would helium behave most like an ideal gas?

    • A. 

      50 K and 20 kPa

    • B. 

      50 K and 600 kPa

    • C. 

      750 K and 20 kPa

    • D. 

      750 K and 600 kPa

    Correct Answer
    C. 750 K and 20 kPa
    Explanation
    At higher temperatures and lower pressures, gases are more likely to behave like ideal gases. In this case, the combination of 750 K temperature and 20 kPa pressure would create conditions where helium would behave most like an ideal gas.

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  • 6. 

    A sample of a gas is contained in a closed rigid cylinder. According to kinetic molecular theory, what occurs when the gas inside the cylinder is heated?

    • A. 

      The number of gas molecules increases

    • B. 

      The number of collisions between gas molecules per unit time decreases

    • C. 

      The average velocity of the gas molecules increases

    • D. 

      The volume of the gas decreases

    Correct Answer
    C. The average velocity of the gas molecules increases
    Explanation
    According to kinetic molecular theory, when a gas is heated, the average velocity of the gas molecules increases. This is because heating the gas increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to move faster. As the molecules move faster, their average velocity increases. This increase in average velocity is a result of the increased kinetic energy of the gas molecules due to heating.

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