Chapter 9: The Evolving Internet

Explanation
TCP/IP is the correct answer because it is a set of open standards and protocols that enable communication and internetworking between different networks on the Internet. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol and it provides a common language for devices to communicate with each other across networks. It allows for reliable and efficient data transmission and is the foundation of the Internet.

Explanation
The correct answer is Domain name system. The explanation for this answer is that the domain name system (DNS) is a decentralized system that servers use to translate domain names (such as www.example.com) into IP addresses (such as 192.168.0.1). DNS servers maintain look-up tables that map domain names to IP addresses, allowing users to access websites and services by typing in easy-to-remember domain names instead of complex IP addresses.

Explanation
The given answer consists of three elements: "abcnews.com," "IP address," and "199.181.132.250." The first element, "abcnews.com," represents a domain name. Domain names are used to identify and locate websites on the internet. The second element, "IP address," stands for Internet Protocol address. It is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the internet protocol for communication. The third element, "199.181.132.250," is an example of an IP address. It is a unique identifier for a specific device or server on the internet.

Explanation
An internet address refers to a numerical identification, also known as an IP address, that is assigned to devices participating in a computer network. This address allows devices to communicate with each other and send and receive packets of data. IP addresses can be either static or dynamic, with dynamic IP addresses being assigned temporarily and changing over time.

Explanation
The correct answer is a combination of three steps: writing the HTML commands along with the other text, layouting text and graphics using authoring programs, and uploading the created web page to a web server. These steps outline the process of creating a web page, starting with writing the necessary HTML code, designing the layout using authoring programs, and finally making the web page accessible by uploading it to a web server.

Explanation
The correct answer is "portals" because it refers to web entry stations that provide convenient access to a wide range of general-interest links. These portals act as gateways to various categories of information, such as consumer portals for shopping, corporate portals for business-related content, and vertical portals that focus on specific industries or topics. They offer users a quick and easy way to navigate through different websites and access relevant information based on their interests or needs.

Explanation
Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing refers to a decentralized network architecture where computers connected to the network can directly communicate and share resources with each other. In the context of the given answer, P2P computing is used to explain the practice of making music files available to others by directly sharing them from their own hard drives, rather than uploading them to central servers. This allows users to share files directly with each other, without relying on a central authority or server. This method is commonly used in peer-to-peer file sharing systems like BitTorrent, where users can download and upload files from and to each other's computers. MP3 is a popular file format for music files that can be shared using P2P computing.

Explanation
Grid computing refers to the practice of sharing processing power and resources across multiple computers connected through a network. It allows for the efficient utilization of computing resources by distributing tasks and workloads among the networked computers. This enables faster processing, increased computational power, and improved performance for complex tasks that require significant computing power. Grid computing differs from other forms of distributed computing, such as peer-to-peer file sharing or BitTorrent, as it focuses on the coordinated sharing of resources for a specific purpose rather than simply sharing files or data.