Chapter 7 Rippee 1st

A trial balloon refers to an intentional news leak made to test the public or political reaction to a particular idea or proposal. It is a strategic move used by politicians or organizations to gauge the response before officially announcing or implementing a decision. By leaking information, they can assess the potential impact and make any necessary adjustments or changes based on the feedback received. This tactic allows them to gather insights and make informed decisions while minimizing potential backlash or negative consequences.

The cozy relationship between politicians and the press in the twentieth century lasted until the Vietnam War and Watergate. During this time, the media played a crucial role in reporting on the Vietnam War and the Watergate scandal, which led to a loss of trust between politicians and the press. The media's coverage of these events exposed government wrongdoing and corruption, causing a shift in the relationship between politicians and the press.

The New York Times is considered the nation's most influential newspaper and its unofficial "newspaper of record" due to its extensive coverage of national and international news, in-depth investigative reporting, and high journalistic standards. It has a long history of providing comprehensive and reliable news coverage, making it a trusted source for many readers. The New York Times has won numerous Pulitzer Prizes for its journalism, further solidifying its reputation as a leading newspaper in the United States.

The correct answer is the Federal Communications Commission. In 1934, Congress established the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to oversee and regulate the use of the airwaves. The FCC's role is to ensure that radio, television, and other forms of communication operate in the public interest. They are responsible for granting licenses, enforcing regulations, and promoting competition in the telecommunications industry. The FCC plays a crucial role in maintaining order and fairness in the use of the airwaves for broadcasting and communication purposes.

In 1952, Richard Nixon gave a televised speech to save his vice presidential candidacy. In this speech, he denied receiving illegal gifts and payments and also stated that the family dog, Checkers, would not be returned. This speech became famous and is often referred to as the "Checkers speech." Therefore, the correct answer is Richard Nixon.

This answer suggests that there was a difference in perception between those who watched the debate on television and those who listened to it on the radio. It implies that Nixon's appearance on television may have negatively affected his image, while Kennedy's performance was more favorable. On the other hand, those who listened on the radio may have focused more on the content of the debate rather than the visual aspects, leading them to believe that Nixon had performed better.

Franklin Roosevelt held one thousand press conferences, which is more than any other president. This indicates that he was the president who had the most interaction with the press and was actively involved in communicating with the public through press conferences.

Investigative journalism refers to the use of detective-like reporting methods to uncover scandals or expose corruption. It involves in-depth research, interviews, and analysis to reveal hidden truths and hold those in power accountable. This type of journalism goes beyond just reporting the facts and aims to investigate and uncover wrongdoing. Yellow journalism, on the other hand, refers to sensationalized or exaggerated news stories that prioritize attracting readership over accuracy. Trial balloons, scientific journalism, and print journalism are not specifically related to the use of detective-like reporting methods to unearth scandals.

During the Reagan White House, one of the strategies for news management was to not allow the press unlimited access to the president. This means that the press was not given unrestricted access to the president, which allowed the administration to have more control over the information that was released to the public. By limiting press access, the White House could carefully plan and control the messages that were being conveyed to the public, stay on the offensive by proactively shaping the narrative, repeat the same message many times to reinforce it, and speak in one voice to maintain consistency and avoid conflicting statements.

Ronald Reagan was particularly successful in playing to the media because of his background as an actor. He had a charismatic and engaging personality that translated well on television, allowing him to effectively communicate his message to the American people. Reagan understood the power of the media and utilized it to his advantage, using his acting skills to deliver speeches and connect with the public. He was skilled at using sound bites and memorable phrases that resonated with the audience, making him a master at media manipulation and ultimately contributing to his success as a president.