Chemistry Test On Atoms And Molecules! Trivia Quiz

A compound is held together by chemical bonds. Chemical bonds are formed when atoms share or transfer electrons to achieve a stable configuration. This sharing or transfer of electrons creates a strong attraction between the atoms, holding them together to form a compound. Physical bonds, gravity, and magnetism are not responsible for holding compounds together. Physical bonds refer to weak intermolecular forces, gravity is a force of attraction between objects with mass, and magnetism is the force between magnets or magnetic materials.

The correct answer is copper (II) bromide. This is because CuBr2 indicates that there are two bromine atoms for every copper atom. In this compound, copper has a +2 oxidation state, hence the Roman numeral II is used to indicate this. The term "bromide" is used to represent the bromine ion.

The formula units of salt, NaCI, contain equal numbers of sodium and chlorine. In the compound NaCI, there is one sodium ion (Na+) and one chloride ion (CI-). These ions combine in a 1:1 ratio to form the ionic compound sodium chloride. Therefore, each formula unit of salt contains one sodium atom and one chlorine atom, making the numbers of sodium and chlorine equal.

Polymers are compounds that have repeating subunits. This means that they are made up of smaller units called monomers, which are repeated multiple times in the polymer structure. The repetition of these subunits gives polymers their unique properties, such as strength, flexibility, and durability. Examples of polymers include plastics, rubber, and proteins.

Proteins are indeed polymers, meaning they are composed of repeating subunits called amino acids. These amino acids are linked together through peptide bonds to form long chains, which then fold into specific three-dimensional structures. DNA, nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and simple sugars are not the building blocks of proteins. DNA is a nucleic acid responsible for storing genetic information, nitrogen and carbon dioxide are gases, and simple sugars are carbohydrates. Therefore, the correct answer is amino acids.

In a metallic bond, the nucleus of one atom is attracted by a nearby atom's electrons. Metallic bonds occur between metal atoms, where the outermost electrons are delocalized and free to move throughout the structure. These mobile electrons create a "sea" of negative charge that surrounds the positively charged metal ions. The attraction between the positively charged metal ions and the negatively charged electrons holds the metallic structure together, resulting in unique properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity.

In a solid substance like sugar, the molecules are closely packed together and have strong attractions to one another. This is because the molecules in a solid are held together by intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, or London dispersion forces. These forces are stronger in solids compared to gases or liquids, where the molecules are more spread out and have weaker attractions. Therefore, sugar, being a solid substance, has the strongest attractions between its molecules.

Atoms often join so that each atom will have an outermost energy level that is full of electrons. This is because atoms are more stable when their outermost energy level is filled with electrons. When atoms join together to form chemical bonds, they share, gain, or lose electrons in order to achieve a full outermost energy level. This allows them to have a more stable electron configuration, similar to the noble gases, which have full outermost energy levels.

Formaldehyde and acetic acid have the same empirical formula, which means they have the same ratio of atoms. However, they have different molecular formulas. Formaldehyde has the molecular formula CH2O, while acetic acid has the molecular formula C2H4O2. This means that the two compounds have different arrangements of atoms, resulting in different molecular formulas.

Polymers are large organic molecules that are made up of repeating units. These repeating units are monomers, which are smaller molecules that join together to form a polymer chain. The repetition of these units gives polymers their unique properties, such as flexibility, durability, and high molecular weight. Therefore, the correct answer is "repeating units."

Solid ionic compounds have very high melting points because they contain charged ions that are locked tightly together. In an ionic compound, positively charged ions (cations) are attracted to negatively charged ions (anions), forming a strong electrostatic bond. These ions are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern called a crystal lattice. The strong attraction between the ions requires a significant amount of energy to break the bonds and melt the compound, resulting in a high melting point.

Methane is the simplest organic compound because it consists of only one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. It is the primary component of natural gas and is commonly found in fossil fuels. Methane is a colorless and odorless gas that is highly flammable. Its simple structure and abundance make it a fundamental building block for more complex organic compounds.

The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms is referred to as the bond length. The bond length is the average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms and is determined by the balance between attractive and repulsive forces. It is influenced by factors such as the types of atoms involved, the number of bonds between them, and the presence of any lone pairs of electrons.

A metallic bond is formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them. In a metallic bond, the metal atoms lose their valence electrons to form positively charged ions, and these ions are held together by a "sea" of delocalized electrons. The positive metal ions are attracted to the negative charge of the delocalized electrons, creating a strong bond. This type of bond is characteristic of metals and is responsible for their unique properties such as conductivity and malleability.

Hydrochloric acid, HCl, is composed of one atom of hydrogen (H) and one atom of chlorine (Cl). Therefore, each molecule of hydrochloric acid contains one atom of chlorine.

A stick-and-ball model can help you understand a compound's structure by representing the atoms as balls and the bonds between them as sticks. This model provides a visual representation of how the atoms are arranged and connected in the compound, making it easier to comprehend its structure. By using this model, you can visualize the spatial arrangement of atoms and gain insights into the compound's properties and behavior.

The empirical formula represents the simplest ratio of atoms in a covalent compound. It is determined by dividing the number of atoms in each element by their greatest common factor. This formula does not provide the actual number of atoms in a molecule, but it gives a basic understanding of the composition of the compound.

The compound consisting of Br- and Cd2+ ions would be named bromide cadmium because in ionic compounds, the cation (Cd2+) is named first followed by the anion (Br-). The name of the cation is derived from the name of the element (cadmium) and the name of the anion is derived from the root of the element name with the suffix -ide (bromide). Therefore, the correct name for this compound is bromide cadmium.