Chapter 37: Salivary Gland Anatomy

1. The gland that is the most serous in overall saliva composition is

Lingual

Minor

Submandibular

Parotid

Parotid is the most serous gland. Submandibular gland is mixed serous:mucinous. Lingual and Minor salivary glands are predominantly mucinous.

Explanation

Parotid is the most serous gland. Submandibular gland is mixed serous:mucinous. Lingual and Minor salivary glands are predominantly mucinous.

2. Auricular temporal nerve exits

Foramen spinosum

Foramen rotundum

Foramen ovale

Foramen magnum

Foramen spinosum = middle meningeal artery. Foramen rotundum = Maxillary nerve (V2). Foramen ovale = Mandibular nerve (V3). Foramen magnum = Spinal cord.

Explanation

Foramen spinosum = middle meningeal artery. Foramen rotundum = Maxillary nerve (V2). Foramen ovale = Mandibular nerve (V3). Foramen magnum = Spinal cord.

3. Which of the following is not a branch of cranial nerve 7

Stylohyoid muscle

Stylopharyngeous muscle

Posterior belly of digastrics

Postauricular

Stylopharyngeus is innervated by IX.

Explanation

Stylopharyngeus is innervated by IX.

4. A 65 year old male has a superficial parotidectomy and post-operatively is bothered
by facial sweating when he eats. The appropriate medication to treat this patient

Blocks release of presynaptic acetylcholine

Block post synaptic binding of acetylcholine

Prevents re-uptake of acetylcholine

Irreversibly binds N-acetyl end plates

Botulinum toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic vesicles. Gustatory sweating (Frey's syndrome) is caused by the parasympathetic salivary nerves cross innervating the sympathetic sweat glands.

Explanation

Botulinum toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic vesicles. Gustatory sweating (Frey's syndrome) is caused by the parasympathetic salivary nerves cross innervating the sympathetic sweat glands.

5. In relation to Wharton’s duct the hypoglossal nerve lies

Superior

Posterior

The hypoglossal nerve lies inferior to Wharton's duct.

Explanation

The hypoglossal nerve lies inferior to Wharton's duct.

6. CN VII exits the styloidmastoid foramen and

Pass medially to the styloid process

Passes laterally to the styloid process

Passes inferiorly to the styloid process

Splits the styloid process in to upper and lower divisions

CN VII passes medially to the mastoid tip and laterally to the styloid process.

Explanation

CN VII passes medially to the mastoid tip and laterally to the styloid process.

7. The majority of salivary flow at rest is provided by

Parotid

Submandibular gland

Sublingual gland

Minor salivary glands

Parotid gland is responsible for the majority of saliva secretion during mastication.

Explanation

Parotid gland is responsible for the majority of saliva secretion during mastication.

8. The greatest stimulus of salivation is

Olfaction

Sweet taste

Bitter taste

Sour taste

One treatment for parotitis is to suck on sour candy. This promotes salivation, thus discouraging stasis which may have been the nidus for the infection.

Explanation

One treatment for parotitis is to suck on sour candy. This promotes salivation, thus discouraging stasis which may have been the nidus for the infection.

9. The marginal mandibular nerve

Crosses anterior to the facial artery

Crosses posterior to the facial artery

Has no relation to the facial artery

Is always inferior to the facial artery

The marginal mandibular nerve crosses anterior to the facial artery. This means that the nerve passes in front of the artery when traveling through the face.

Explanation

The marginal mandibular nerve crosses anterior to the facial artery. This means that the nerve passes in front of the artery when traveling through the face.

10. Postsynaptic parasympathetic nerve fibers for the lingual gland travel on

Jacobson’s nerve

Lesser petrosal

Lingual nerve

CN VII

Jacobsen's nerve = IX. Lesser petrosal = IX to the lacrimal gland via the otic ganglion. Lingual nerve provides sensation to tongue via V. Chorda tympani is a branch of VII.

Explanation

Jacobsen's nerve = IX. Lesser petrosal = IX to the lacrimal gland via the otic ganglion. Lingual nerve provides sensation to tongue via V. Chorda tympani is a branch of VII.

11. A 47 y/o AA male presents with left sided facial paralysis, blurred vision, and
unilateral facial edema. What is the syndrome?

Heerfordt's syndrome is a manifestation of sarcoidosis, a condition characterized by the formation of granulomas in various organs. In this case, the 47-year-old African American male presents with left-sided facial paralysis, blurred vision, and unilateral facial edema. These symptoms align with the triad of Heerfordt's syndrome, which includes parotitis (inflammation of the parotid gland), uveitis (inflammation of the uvea in the eye), and facial paralysis. Therefore, Heerfordt's syndrome is the correct answer in this case.

Explanation

Heerfordt's syndrome is a manifestation of sarcoidosis, a condition characterized by the formation of granulomas in various organs. In this case, the 47-year-old African American male presents with left-sided facial paralysis, blurred vision, and unilateral facial edema. These symptoms align with the triad of Heerfordt's syndrome, which includes parotitis (inflammation of the parotid gland), uveitis (inflammation of the uvea in the eye), and facial paralysis. Therefore, Heerfordt's syndrome is the correct answer in this case.

Submit