Chapter 30: Light Emission

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  • 1/65 Questions

    The radiation curve for a "blue hot" object peaks in the

    • Infrared region.
    • Red region.
    • Yellow region.
    • Ultraviolet region.
    • None of these
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Atomic Physics Quizzes & Trivia
About This Quiz

Explore the fundamentals of light emission in this quiz centered on electron behavior in atoms. Understand discrete energy levels, electron transitions, and photon interactions through targeted questions, enhancing your grasp of atomic physics.

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  • 2. 

    Compared to the energy of a photon of red light, the energy of a photon of blue light is

    • Less.

    • More.

    • The same.

    Correct Answer
    A. More.
    Explanation
    The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency. Blue light has a higher frequency than red light, which means that each photon of blue light carries more energy compared to a photon of red light. Therefore, the energy of a photon of blue light is more than that of a photon of red light.

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  • 3. 

    An atom that emits a certain frequency of light is

    • Not likely to absorb that same frequency.

    • An absorber of the same frequency.

    Correct Answer
    A. An absorber of the same frequency.
    Explanation
    When an atom emits a certain frequency of light, it means that the electrons in the atom are transitioning from higher energy levels to lower energy levels. This emission occurs when the electrons release energy in the form of photons. On the other hand, when an atom absorbs a certain frequency of light, it means that the electrons are transitioning from lower energy levels to higher energy levels by absorbing energy from photons. Therefore, an atom that emits a certain frequency of light is more likely to absorb that same frequency, as the energy levels of the electrons in the atom are compatible with that specific frequency.

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  • 4. 

    In the process of fluorescence, the input is high-frequency light and the output is

    • Higher-frequency light.

    • Equally high-frequency light.

    • Lower-frequency light.

    Correct Answer
    A. Lower-frequency light.
    Explanation
    Fluorescence is a process where a substance absorbs high-frequency light and then emits lower-frequency light. This phenomenon occurs because the absorbed energy is temporarily stored by the substance and then released as light of a longer wavelength. Therefore, the correct answer is "lower-frequency light."

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  • 5. 

    Atoms of neon in a glass tube can be excited

    • Once per atom.

    • Over and over again.

    Correct Answer
    A. Over and over again.
    Explanation
    The explanation for the given correct answer is that atoms of neon in a glass tube can be excited repeatedly. This means that once an atom of neon is excited, it can return to its ground state and be excited again multiple times. This is possible because the energy that excites the atom can be continuously supplied, allowing the atom to undergo repeated excitation and relaxation cycles.

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  • 6. 

    The highest frequency light of those below is

    • Red.

    • Green.

    • Blue.

    • Violet.

    • All the same

    Correct Answer
    A. Violet.
    Explanation
    The highest frequency light among the options given is violet. In the electromagnetic spectrum, different colors of light are associated with different frequencies. Violet light has the highest frequency among the visible light spectrum, while red light has the lowest frequency. Therefore, violet light has a higher frequency than red, green, blue, and all the other colors mentioned in the options.

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  • 7. 

    If light in a spectroscope passed through round holes instead of slits, spectral lines would appear

    • As thicker lines.

    • Round.

    • Dimmer.

    Correct Answer
    A. Round.
    Explanation
    If light in a spectroscope passed through round holes instead of slits, the spectral lines would appear round. This is because the shape of the aperture through which light passes affects the shape of the resulting spectrum. Slits create narrow, elongated lines, while round holes would produce circular lines. Therefore, if round holes were used instead of slits, the spectral lines would appear round.

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  • 8. 

    Light from a lit match comes from

    • Electrons.

    • Protons.

    • Neutrons.

    • All of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Electrons.
    Explanation
    The light from a lit match comes from electrons. When the match is struck, the heat causes the atoms in the matchstick to become excited. As the electrons in the atoms return to their ground state, they release energy in the form of light. This process is known as electron transition. Therefore, it is the movement of electrons that produces the light from a lit match.

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  • 9. 

    Electrons with the greater potential energies with respect to the atomic nucleus are

    • Inner electrons.

    • Outer electrons.

    • Both the same, actually

    Correct Answer
    A. Outer electrons.
    Explanation
    Electrons with greater potential energies are the ones located farther away from the atomic nucleus. Outer electrons have higher potential energies because they are further from the positively charged nucleus and experience weaker attraction. On the other hand, inner electrons are closer to the nucleus and are held more tightly due to stronger electrostatic forces. Therefore, outer electrons have greater potential energies compared to inner electrons.

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  • 10. 

    Which color of light carries the most energy per photon?

    • Red

    • Green

    • Blue

    • Violet

    • All the same

    Correct Answer
    A. Violet
    Explanation
    Violet light carries the most energy per photon because it has the highest frequency and shortest wavelength among the given options. According to the wave-particle duality of light, the energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency. Therefore, since violet light has the highest frequency, it also has the highest energy per photon.

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  • 11. 

    The radiation curve for a "red hot" object peaks in the

    • Infrared region

    • Green region.

    • Ultraviolet region.

    Correct Answer
    A. Infrared region
    Explanation
    The radiation curve for a "red hot" object peaks in the infrared region because as an object gets hotter, it emits electromagnetic radiation. The wavelength of this radiation is inversely proportional to the temperature of the object. As the object becomes hotter, the peak wavelength of the radiation shifts towards shorter wavelengths. In the case of a "red hot" object, the peak wavelength falls in the infrared region, which is longer than visible light but shorter than radio waves. Therefore, the correct answer is the infrared region.

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  • 12. 

    Fluorescent minerals on display in museums are illuminated with

    • Infrared light.

    • Ultraviolet light.

    • Often either or both

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Ultraviolet light.
    Explanation
    Fluorescent minerals on display in museums are illuminated with ultraviolet light. When ultraviolet light shines on these minerals, it causes them to absorb the light energy and re-emit it as visible light, creating a vibrant and colorful display. Infrared light does not have the same effect on fluorescent minerals, and while some museums may use both ultraviolet and infrared light for different purposes, ultraviolet light is the primary source of illumination for these minerals.

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  • 13. 

    The dark lines in the sun's spectrum represent light that is

    • Absorbed by the sun's atmosphere.

    • Emitted by the sun.

    • Not emitted by the sun.

    Correct Answer
    A. Absorbed by the sun's atmosphere.
    Explanation
    The dark lines in the sun's spectrum represent light that is absorbed by the sun's atmosphere. This occurs because the sun's atmosphere contains various elements and molecules that can absorb specific wavelengths of light. When light passes through the sun's atmosphere, these elements and molecules absorb certain wavelengths, resulting in dark lines in the spectrum. This phenomenon is known as absorption spectroscopy and is used to study the composition and properties of celestial objects.

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  • 14. 

    The fact that the air you breathe doesn't give off much visible light indicates that most of the electrons of its atoms are

    • In the ground state.

    • Excited to metastable states.

    • Relatively cool.

    • Electrically neutral.

    • Relatively far apart.

    Correct Answer
    A. In the ground state.
    Explanation
    The fact that the air you breathe doesn't give off much visible light suggests that most of the electrons in its atoms are in the ground state. The ground state is the lowest energy state that an electron can occupy within an atom. When electrons are in the ground state, they are not excited or in higher energy states that would cause them to emit visible light. Therefore, the lack of visible light emission indicates that the electrons in the air atoms are in their lowest energy state, which is the ground state.

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  • 15. 

    The hottest star is the star that glows

    • Red.

    • White.

    • Blue.

    • Cannot be determined by color alone

    Correct Answer
    A. Blue.
    Explanation
    The hottest star is blue. This is because the temperature of a star determines its color, with hotter stars emitting more blue light. The color of a star is directly related to its surface temperature, with blue stars being the hottest and red stars being the coolest. Therefore, the correct answer is blue.

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  • 16. 

    Comparing the light from a glowing tube of neon gas with light in the beam of a helium-neon laser, we find the greater number of spectral lines in light from the

    • Neon gas tube.

    • Laser beam.

    • Both about the same

    Correct Answer
    A. Neon gas tube.
    Explanation
    The greater number of spectral lines in the light from the neon gas tube can be explained by the fact that neon gas emits light at specific wavelengths when it is excited. These wavelengths correspond to the different energy levels of the neon atoms. On the other hand, a helium-neon laser produces a single wavelength of light by stimulating the neon gas with a helium discharge. Therefore, the neon gas tube would have a greater number of spectral lines compared to the laser beam.

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  • 17. 

    Some minerals glow when illuminated with ultraviolet light. This is because

    • Ultraviolet photons kick atomic electrons in the mineral into higher energy states.

    • Ultraviolet photons have such high energy.

    • Of selective reflection.

    • Of selective transmission.

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Ultraviolet photons kick atomic electrons in the mineral into higher energy states.
    Explanation
    When minerals are illuminated with ultraviolet light, the ultraviolet photons transfer their energy to the atomic electrons in the mineral. This causes the electrons to move into higher energy states, resulting in the glow of the mineral. This explanation is supported by the fact that minerals do not glow when illuminated with other types of light, as those photons do not have enough energy to kick the electrons into higher energy states.

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  • 18. 

    As a solid is gradually heated, the first color to glow is

    • Red.

    • Yellow.

    • White.

    • Blue.

    Correct Answer
    A. Red.
    Explanation
    When a solid is heated, it starts to emit light as its temperature increases. This phenomenon is known as incandescence. The color of the emitted light depends on the temperature of the solid. At lower temperatures, the emitted light appears red. As the temperature increases further, the color of the emitted light shifts towards yellow, then white, and finally blue at the highest temperatures. Therefore, the first color to glow when a solid is gradually heated is red.

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  • 19. 

    Astronomers can tell whether a star is approaching or receding from Earth by

    • Its temperature.

    • Its change in temperature.

    • Its absorption spectra.

    • The Doppler effect.

    • All of these

    Correct Answer
    A. The Doppler effect.
    Explanation
    The Doppler effect is the correct answer because it is a phenomenon that occurs when there is a change in frequency or wavelength of a wave, such as light or sound, due to the relative motion between the source and the observer. Astronomers can use the Doppler effect to determine whether a star is approaching or receding from Earth by analyzing the shift in the star's spectral lines. If the lines are shifted towards the blue end of the spectrum, it indicates that the star is approaching, while a shift towards the red end indicates that the star is receding.

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  • 20. 

    Which light source is more energy-efficient?

    • A fluorescent lamp

    • An incandescent lamp

    • Both about the same

    Correct Answer
    A. A fluorescent lamp
    Explanation
    A fluorescent lamp is more energy-efficient compared to an incandescent lamp. This is because fluorescent lamps use a different technology that produces light by passing an electric current through a gas, which causes the gas to emit ultraviolet light. This ultraviolet light then interacts with a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp, producing visible light. In contrast, incandescent lamps produce light by heating a filament until it becomes white-hot, which requires a significant amount of energy. Therefore, fluorescent lamps consume less energy and are considered more energy-efficient.

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  • 21. 

    Light from two closely spaced stars will not produce a steady interference pattern at the Earth's surface because of

    • Incoherence.

    • The inherent instability of the atmosphere.

    • Their different radial distances.

    • Their non-point like natures.

    • Closely spaced stars do produce interference patterns.

    Correct Answer
    A. Incoherence.
    Explanation
    When light from two closely spaced stars reaches the Earth's surface, it may not produce a steady interference pattern due to incoherence. Incoherence refers to the lack of a constant phase relationship between the waves emitted by the two stars. This can happen if the waves have different frequencies or if there are random phase fluctuations caused by factors such as atmospheric turbulence. The inherent instability of the atmosphere can also contribute to the lack of a steady interference pattern, but incoherence specifically refers to the lack of phase coherence between the waves. The other options, such as different radial distances or non-point like natures of the stars, do not directly affect the interference pattern.

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  • 22. 

    The main visible difference between phosphorescent and fluorescent materials is

    • An afterglow.

    • A difference in brightness.

    • The greenish color of phosphorescence.

    Correct Answer
    A. An afterglow.
    Explanation
    The main visible difference between phosphorescent and fluorescent materials is an afterglow. Phosphorescent materials continue to emit light after the excitation source is removed, resulting in a prolonged glow. On the other hand, fluorescent materials only emit light while the excitation source is present. Therefore, the presence of an afterglow is the key characteristic that distinguishes phosphorescent materials from fluorescent materials.

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  • 23. 

    If the energy levels in the neon atom were not discrete, neon signs would glow

    • Red.

    • White.

    • Blue.

    Correct Answer
    A. White.
    Explanation
    Neon signs glow white because the energy levels in the neon atom are discrete. When an electric current is passed through the neon gas inside the sign, the electrons in the neon atoms are excited to higher energy levels. As these electrons return to their original energy levels, they emit light of specific wavelengths. In the case of neon, the emitted light is a combination of red, orange, and yellow wavelengths, which together appear white to our eyes. If the energy levels were not discrete, the emitted light would not be specific to neon, and the sign would not appear white.

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  • 24. 

    A throbbing pulse of electromagnetic radiation is called a

    • Proton.

    • Photon.

    • Lightron.

    • Sparktron.

    • Notron.

    Correct Answer
    A. Photon.
    Explanation
    A throbbing pulse of electromagnetic radiation is called a photon. A photon is a fundamental particle that represents a quantum of light or electromagnetic radiation. It carries energy and momentum and is responsible for transmitting electromagnetic force. Photons can exhibit wave-like and particle-like properties, and they travel at the speed of light. They are emitted and absorbed by charged particles during various electromagnetic interactions, such as in the form of visible light, radio waves, X-rays, or gamma rays.

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  • 25. 

    If light in a spectroscope were passed through a star-shaped opening instead of a thin slit, spectral lines would appear as

    • Lines, but with poorer resolution.

    • Stars.

    • Blobs of no definite shape.

    Correct Answer
    A. Stars.
    Explanation
    If light in a spectroscope were passed through a star-shaped opening instead of a thin slit, the spectral lines would appear as stars. This is because the star-shaped opening would diffract the light, causing it to spread out in different directions. As a result, the spectral lines would appear as distinct points of light, resembling stars. However, the resolution would be poorer compared to when the light is passed through a thin slit, as the star-shaped opening would cause the lines to overlap and become less defined.

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  • 26. 

    To say that energy levels in an atom are discrete is to say the energy levels are well defined and

    • Separate from one another.

    • Separated from one another by the same energy increments.

    • Continuous.

    • Private.

    Correct Answer
    A. Separate from one another.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "separate from one another." When we say that energy levels in an atom are discrete, it means that they are distinct and distinct from each other. In other words, each energy level has a specific value and is not continuous or blended with other energy levels. This is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, where energy is quantized and can only take on certain discrete values. Therefore, the energy levels in an atom are separate and distinct from one another.

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  • 27. 

    Ultraviolet light is

    • More energetic than X-rays.

    • Produced by crossed Polaroids.

    • Electromagnetic energy.

    • Present everywhere.

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Electromagnetic energy.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "electromagnetic energy." Ultraviolet light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, just like X-rays, visible light, and radio waves. Electromagnetic energy refers to the energy carried by these waves, which can travel through a vacuum and are characterized by their wavelength and frequency. Ultraviolet light falls within the electromagnetic spectrum, having a shorter wavelength and higher energy than visible light. Therefore, it is more accurate to describe ultraviolet light as a form of electromagnetic energy rather than stating that it is more energetic than X-rays or produced by crossed Polaroids.

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  • 28. 

    The greater proportion of energy immediately converted to heat rather than light occurs in

    • A fluorescent lamp.

    • An incandescent lamp.

    • Both the same

    Correct Answer
    A. An incandescent lamp.
    Explanation
    The greater proportion of energy is immediately converted to heat rather than light in an incandescent lamp. This is because incandescent lamps work by passing an electric current through a tungsten filament, which becomes so hot that it emits visible light. However, a significant amount of the electrical energy is lost as heat, making incandescent lamps less energy-efficient compared to fluorescent lamps, where a greater proportion of energy is converted to light rather than heat.

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  • 29. 

    Light from a laser is

    • Monochromatic.

    • In phase.

    • Coherent.

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "all of these" because light from a laser is monochromatic, meaning it consists of a single wavelength or color. It is also in phase, meaning the crests and troughs of the light waves align with each other. Additionally, laser light is coherent, meaning it has a consistent and constant phase relationship between the waves. Therefore, all of these statements accurately describe light from a laser.

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  • 30. 

    Atoms can be excited by

    • Thermal agitation.

    • Electron impact.

    • Photon impact.

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    Atoms can be excited by various means, including thermal agitation, electron impact, and photon impact. Thermal agitation refers to the random motion of atoms due to their temperature, which can cause them to gain energy and become excited. Electron impact occurs when high-energy electrons collide with atoms, transferring energy and causing excitation. Photon impact, or absorption of photons, can also excite atoms by transferring energy to their electrons. Therefore, all of these options can lead to the excitation of atoms.

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  • 31. 

    Compared to the energy put into a laser, the energy of the laser beam is

    • More.

    • Less.

    • The same.

    Correct Answer
    A. Less.
    Explanation
    The energy of the laser beam is less than the energy put into the laser because some of the energy is lost as heat or absorbed by the medium through which the laser beam passes. Additionally, a portion of the energy is used to stimulate the emission of photons in the laser cavity. Therefore, the output energy of the laser beam is typically lower than the input energy.

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  • 32. 

    In the process of fluorescence, part of the input energy immediately

    • Becomes internal energy and the rest lower-frequency light.

    • Cascades to excite other atoms in the material.

    • Is emitted as higher-frequency light and the rest lower- frequency light.

    • Excites electrons to metastable states.

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Becomes internal energy and the rest lower-frequency light.
    Explanation
    During the process of fluorescence, a portion of the input energy is absorbed by the material and converted into internal energy. This internal energy is then released as lower-frequency light, which is emitted by the material. The remaining energy is not emitted as higher-frequency light or used to excite other atoms or electrons to metastable states. Therefore, the correct answer is that part of the input energy becomes internal energy, and the rest is emitted as lower-frequency light.

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  • 33. 

    An excited atom is an atom

    • That has excess vibration.

    • That has one or more displaced electrons.

    • With more protons than electrons.

    • That is frantic.

    Correct Answer
    A. That has one or more displaced electrons.
    Explanation
    An excited atom is an atom that has one or more displaced electrons. When an atom is excited, it absorbs energy and one or more electrons move to higher energy levels or even become completely detached from the atom. This displacement of electrons causes the atom to be in an excited state.

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  • 34. 

    Helium was first discovered in the

    • Laboratory.

    • Upper atmosphere.

    • Sun.

    • Island of Helios, in Greece.

    • By-products of nuclear fusion.

    Correct Answer
    A. Sun.
    Explanation
    Helium was first discovered in the sun. This is because helium is primarily produced through nuclear fusion reactions in the sun's core. These reactions convert hydrogen into helium, releasing a tremendous amount of energy in the process. Helium was later identified on Earth, including in the laboratory, but its initial discovery can be attributed to observations of the sun's spectrum, which revealed the presence of this element.

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  • 35. 

    Spectral lines take the shape of vertical lines because

    • The light is vertically polarized.

    • They are simply images of a vertical slit.

    • The energy levels in the atom are parallel to one another.

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. They are simply images of a vertical slit.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "they are simply images of a vertical slit." Spectral lines take the shape of vertical lines because when light passes through a narrow vertical slit, it diffracts and spreads out horizontally. This diffraction pattern appears as vertical lines on a spectrograph, representing the specific wavelengths of light emitted or absorbed by the atom.

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  • 36. 

    The white light emitted by a fluorescent lamp is provided by the

    • Mercury vapor in the lamp.

    • Phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp.

    • High temperature of the glowing gas.

    • Filtering effect of the glass tubing.

    Correct Answer
    A. Phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp. Fluorescent lamps work by passing an electric current through a gas-filled tube, which excites the mercury vapor inside. The excited mercury atoms then emit ultraviolet light. The inner surface of the lamp is coated with phosphors, which absorb the ultraviolet light and re-emit it as visible white light. Therefore, the phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp are responsible for the white light emitted by a fluorescent lamp.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following continually emits electromagnetic radiation?

    • Insects

    • Radio antennas

    • Red-hot coals

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    All of these options continually emit electromagnetic radiation. Insects emit electromagnetic radiation in the form of heat and light, radio antennas emit radio waves which are a form of electromagnetic radiation, and red-hot coals emit thermal radiation which is also a form of electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, all of these options continually emit electromagnetic radiation.

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  • 38. 

    The energy of a photon depends on its

    • Speed.

    • Frequency.

    • Amplitude.

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Frequency.
    Explanation
    The energy of a photon depends on its frequency. This is because the energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency according to the equation E = hf, where E is the energy, h is Planck's constant, and f is the frequency. The speed and amplitude of a photon do not affect its energy.

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  • 39. 

    The fact that iron absorption lines occur in the solar spectrum directly indicates that there is iron in the solar

    • Atmosphere.

    • Surface.

    • Interior.

    Correct Answer
    A. Atmosphere.
    Explanation
    The presence of iron absorption lines in the solar spectrum suggests that iron exists in the solar atmosphere. These absorption lines are formed when the cooler gases in the outer layers of the sun absorb specific wavelengths of light emitted by the hotter inner layers. Since iron absorption lines are observed, it indicates that iron is present in the atmosphere of the sun.

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  • 40. 

    Isolated bells ring clear, while bells crammed in a box have a muffled ring. If the sound of isolated bells is analogous to light from a gas discharge tube, then sound from the box crammed with bells is analogous to light from

    • A laser.

    • A fluorescent lamp.

    • An incandescent lamp.

    • A phosphorescent source.

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. An incandescent lamp.
    Explanation
    When isolated bells ring, the sound waves are able to travel freely and are not obstructed, resulting in a clear ring. Similarly, light from a gas discharge tube is produced when electrons pass through a gas, creating a clear and focused light. On the other hand, when bells are crammed in a box, the sound waves are obstructed and cannot travel freely, resulting in a muffled ring. This is analogous to the light produced by an incandescent lamp, which is diffused and not focused like the light from a gas discharge tube or a laser. Therefore, the sound from the box crammed with bells is analogous to light from an incandescent lamp.

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  • 41. 

    The efficiency of classroom lasers is typically

    • About one percent.

    • About ten percent.

    • About twenty percent.

    • Appreciably more than twenty percent.

    Correct Answer
    A. About one percent.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is about one percent. This is because classroom lasers are not very efficient in converting electrical energy into laser light. Only a small fraction of the electrical energy is actually converted into laser light, while the rest is wasted as heat. Therefore, the efficiency of classroom lasers is typically around one percent.

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  • 42. 

    A certain object emits infrared waves. If it were to emit light waves instead, its temperature would have to be

    • Higher.

    • Lower.

    • The same, temperature doesn't make any difference.

    Correct Answer
    A. Higher.
    Explanation
    When an object emits light waves instead of infrared waves, it means that it is emitting waves with higher energy and shorter wavelengths. This corresponds to a higher temperature according to the principles of thermal radiation. As temperature increases, the object's atoms and molecules vibrate more vigorously, resulting in the emission of higher energy light waves. Therefore, if the object were to emit light waves instead of infrared waves, its temperature would have to be higher.

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  • 43. 

    Some light switches glow in the dark after the lights are turned off. This is because of

    • Fluorescence.

    • Resonance.

    • Incandescence.

    • A time delay between excitation and de-excitation.

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. A time delay between excitation and de-excitation.
    Explanation
    Some light switches glow in the dark after the lights are turned off due to a phenomenon called phosphorescence. Phosphorescent materials have the ability to absorb and store energy when exposed to light, and then release that energy slowly over time, causing them to continue glowing in the dark. This time delay between excitation (when the material absorbs energy) and de-excitation (when the material releases the stored energy) is the reason behind the glow. Fluorescence, resonance, and incandescence do not accurately explain this phenomenon.

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  • 44. 

    Sometimes a flashlight filament glows red instead of white. This indicates a lowness of

    • Current in the filament.

    • Battery strength.

    • Filament temperature.

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    When a flashlight filament glows red instead of white, it indicates a lowness of current in the filament, a low battery strength, and a high filament temperature. The red glow suggests that the current flowing through the filament is not sufficient to heat it up to its normal operating temperature, which is why it appears red instead of white. Additionally, a low battery strength can result in a decrease in the current flowing through the filament. Lastly, a high filament temperature can also cause the filament to emit a red glow instead of white. Therefore, all of these factors can contribute to the filament glowing red.

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  • 45. 

    The variety of colors seen in a burning log comes from the variety of

    • Multi-layered incandescent surfaces.

    • Electron transitions in various atoms.

    • Temperatures.

    • Chemicals in the log.

    • Absorbing gases between the log and the viewer.

    Correct Answer
    A. Electron transitions in various atoms.
    Explanation
    The variety of colors seen in a burning log is due to electron transitions in various atoms. When atoms absorb energy from the heat of the fire, their electrons move to higher energy levels. As the electrons return to their original positions, they release energy in the form of light. The specific energy levels and transitions determine the wavelengths of light emitted, resulting in a range of colors. Therefore, the variety of colors seen in a burning log is a result of electron transitions in various atoms.

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  • 46. 

    Discrete spectral lines occur when excitation takes place in a

    • Solid.

    • Liquid.

    • Gas.

    • Superconductor.

    • All of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Gas.
    Explanation
    Discrete spectral lines occur when excitation takes place in a gas. When atoms or molecules in a gas are excited, they absorb energy and their electrons move to higher energy levels. As the electrons return to their original energy levels, they release the excess energy in the form of light. This emitted light consists of specific wavelengths, resulting in discrete spectral lines. In contrast, solids, liquids, and superconductors have more closely packed atoms or molecules, leading to a broader range of energy levels and a continuous spectrum rather than discrete lines. Therefore, the correct answer is gas.

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  • 47. 

    For absorption spectra to exist

    • The light source must be a gas.

    • Partially absorbent material must exist between the light source and spectroscope.

    • The spectroscope must be equipped with an absorption cell.

    • All of these

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Partially absorbent material must exist between the light source and spectroscope.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that partially absorbent material must exist between the light source and spectroscope. This is because absorption spectra occur when certain wavelengths of light are absorbed by a material, resulting in dark lines or bands in the spectrum. In order for this to happen, there must be a material that can absorb some of the light between the source and the spectroscope. This material could be a gas, liquid, or solid, but it must have the ability to absorb certain wavelengths of light.

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  • 48. 

    Under very high pressure, the spectrum of a mercury vapor lamp begins to look like that from

    • An incandescent source.

    • A laser.

    • An ultraviolet source.

    • A gas other than mercury.

    • A monochromatic source.

    Correct Answer
    A. An incandescent source.
    Explanation
    Under very high pressure, the spectrum of a mercury vapor lamp begins to look like that from an incandescent source. This is because the high pressure causes the mercury atoms to collide with each other more frequently, resulting in a broadening of the spectral lines. As a result, the spectrum starts to resemble the continuous spectrum produced by an incandescent source, where all wavelengths of light are present.

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  • 49. 

    An atom that absorbs a photon of a certain energy can then emit

    • Only a photon of that energy.

    • A photon of any energy.

    • Only a photon of the same or higher energy.

    • Only a photon of the same or lower energy.

    Correct Answer
    A. Only a photon of the same or lower energy.
    Explanation
    When an atom absorbs a photon of a certain energy, it gets excited and moves to a higher energy state. However, it cannot emit a photon of any energy because the energy levels of the atom are quantized. The atom can only emit a photon of the same or lower energy as it returns to its original state. This is due to the conservation of energy, where the excess energy is released as a photon with an energy equal to or less than the energy it absorbed. Therefore, the correct answer is only a photon of the same or lower energy.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 06, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    Drtaylor

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