Chapter 2 Quiz Kennedy

In Marbury v Madison, the Supreme Court established the principle of judicial review, which grants the Court the power to review and invalidate actions taken by the other branches of government if they are found to be unconstitutional. This means that the Court can check the actions of the executive and legislative branches to ensure they are in line with the Constitution. Therefore, the correct answer is "check the actions of the other branches through judicial review."

The original purpose of the Constitutional Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation, which served as the first governing document of the United States, had several weaknesses and limitations that needed to be addressed. The convention was called in order to amend and improve the existing system of government, rather than to create an entirely new constitution from scratch.

The Constitutional Convention was held in Philadelphia.

The Madisonian requirement refers to the principle advocated by James Madison, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, that each branch of government should have to obtain the consent or approval of the other branches for many of its actions. This system of checks and balances was designed to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and to ensure that power is distributed and shared among the different branches. Therefore, the correct answer is "checks and balances."

The Federalist Papers were a collection of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in support of ratifying the United States Constitution. These essays were published in various newspapers and argued for the adoption of the Constitution by explaining its benefits and addressing concerns raised by opponents. The Federalist Papers played a significant role in shaping public opinion and influencing the ratification process, making them an important historical document in understanding the intentions of the Founding Fathers.

Shay's Rebellion was a significant event in American history that occurred in Massachusetts in 1786. It was a revolt led by a group of farmers against the state government's oppressive economic policies, particularly high taxes and debt collection practices. The rebellion highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, the first governing document of the United States, and ultimately led to the calling of the Constitutional Convention to create a new, stronger federal government.

The correct answer is "the consent of the governed." The Declaration of Independence reflects the ideas of John Locke, who believed that governments should only have power if they are given consent by the people they govern. This means that the authority of a government comes from the consent and agreement of the individuals who are governed by it. This principle is fundamental to the concept of democracy, where the people have the right to choose their leaders and participate in the decision-making process.

The Anti-Federalists believed that the new constitution was an enemy of freedom and designed to give control of the government to a rich elite. They argued that the concentration of power in a strong central government would undermine individual liberties and lead to the dominance of wealthy individuals in politics. They feared that the new constitution did not provide enough checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power by the elite, and therefore, opposed its ratification.

Delaware was the first state to ratify the Constitution. Ratification of the Constitution refers to the process by which the Constitution was officially approved by the states. Delaware ratified the Constitution on December 7, 1787, making it the first state to do so. This act demonstrated Delaware's support and acceptance of the new framework for the United States government.

The correct answer is Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation were the first written constitution of the United States, serving as the governing document from 1781 to 1789. It established a weak central government with limited powers, as the framers were cautious about creating a strong central authority after their experience with British rule. However, the Articles proved to be ineffective in governing the nation, leading to the drafting and adoption of the United States Constitution in 1787.

The correct answer is "None of these are mentioned in the written Constitution." The written Constitution does not specifically mention the right to an abortion, media coverage of the House and Senate, or political parties. These are not explicitly outlined in the Constitution but may be protected or regulated by other laws or amendments. The Constitution primarily focuses on the structure of government, the separation of powers, and individual rights and liberties.

James Madison believed that the greatest source of political conflict was the uneven distribution of wealth. This means that he believed that when there is a large disparity in wealth among different individuals or groups within a society, it leads to tensions and conflicts. Madison likely argued that this inequality can create social divisions and power imbalances, which can result in political disagreements and struggles for control. By identifying wealth distribution as the primary cause of political conflict, Madison emphasized the importance of addressing economic inequality in order to maintain social harmony and stability.

The correct answer is that the state legislatures had too little power. This is because under the Articles of Confederation, the state legislatures had significant power and authority. They were responsible for making and enforcing laws within their respective states. The national government, on the other hand, had limited powers and lacked the authority to enforce its laws or make decisions without the consent of the states. Therefore, the problem was not that the state legislatures had too little power, but rather that the national government had too little power.

The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution after the ratification process was complete, and partly to fulfill a promise to those who supported ratification. This means that the Bill of Rights was not initially included in the Constitution when it was first ratified. It was added later as a way to address concerns and gain support from those who were initially hesitant to ratify the Constitution. The inclusion of the Bill of Rights was a compromise that helped to ensure the final ratification of the Constitution.

The New Jersey Plan, offered as a proposal at the Constitutional Convention, called for each state to be equally represented in Congress. This plan was in contrast to the Virginia Plan, which called for representation based on population. The New Jersey Plan aimed to protect the interests of smaller states by ensuring that they would have an equal say in the legislative branch of government.

The correct answer is only the House of Representatives. The government designed at the Constitutional Convention allowed the voters to directly elect members of the House of Representatives. However, the Senate was not directly elected by the voters. Instead, senators were originally chosen by state legislatures. The president was also not directly elected by the voters, but rather through the Electoral College system.

A republic is a form of government in which the country is considered a "public matter" and the head of state is an elected or appointed official, rather than a hereditary monarch. In a republic, the power is held by the people and their elected representatives, who are responsible for making decisions on behalf of the citizens. This form of government promotes the idea of equality and representation, as it allows individuals from different social classes to participate in the political process and have a say in the governance of the country.

The First Continental Congress issued the Declaration of Independence. This congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies, held in 1774 in response to the Intolerable Acts imposed by the British Parliament. Although the Declaration of Independence was not issued until 1776, the First Continental Congress laid the groundwork for the eventual independence of the United States by asserting the rights of the colonies and organizing resistance against British rule.

The statement "None of these are true" means that none of the options mentioned in the question are correct about the United States Constitution. This implies that the United States Constitution does not centralize power, it is not superseded only by decrees of the president, and it does not set neutral rules for the game of politics.

The correct answer is "special conventions in each of the states". The Constitution was not ratified by popular vote in each of the states, the electoral college, state representatives to the Constitutional Convention, or the state legislatures. Instead, special conventions were held in each state where delegates were elected to vote on whether to ratify the Constitution. These conventions provided a more direct and representative method for the states to decide on the ratification of the Constitution.