Chapter 154 - Cochlear Implants

1. The upper age limit with regards to cochlear implantation criteria is

65

75

85

None

The correct answer is "none" because there is no upper age limit with regards to cochlear implantation criteria. Cochlear implants can be considered for individuals of any age, as long as they meet the necessary medical and audiological criteria. The decision to proceed with a cochlear implantation is based on individual factors such as overall health, motivation, communication needs, and potential benefits of the implant.

Explanation

The correct answer is "none" because there is no upper age limit with regards to cochlear implantation criteria. Cochlear implants can be considered for individuals of any age, as long as they meet the necessary medical and audiological criteria. The decision to proceed with a cochlear implantation is based on individual factors such as overall health, motivation, communication needs, and potential benefits of the implant.

2. Insertion of the cochlear lead is into the

Scala media

Scala tympani

Scala vestibule

Cochlear antrum

The correct answer is Scala tympani. The cochlear lead is inserted into the Scala tympani, which is one of the three fluid-filled channels in the cochlea of the inner ear. The Scala tympani is located at the lower part of the cochlea, and it is separated from the Scala media by the basilar membrane. This channel is important for transmitting sound vibrations to the auditory nerve, which allows us to perceive sound.

Explanation

The correct answer is Scala tympani. The cochlear lead is inserted into the Scala tympani, which is one of the three fluid-filled channels in the cochlea of the inner ear. The Scala tympani is located at the lower part of the cochlea, and it is separated from the Scala media by the basilar membrane. This channel is important for transmitting sound vibrations to the auditory nerve, which allows us to perceive sound.

3. The facial recess is bound by

Head of the malleus posteriorly

CN VII medially

Fossa incudus laterally

Chorda tympani posteriorly

The facial recess is a small space located in the middle ear cavity. It is bound by various structures, including the head of the malleus (a small bone in the middle ear), the fossa incudis (a depression in the middle ear wall), and the chorda tympani (a nerve that runs through the middle ear). However, the structure that bounds the facial recess medially is the CN VII, which refers to the facial nerve.

Explanation

The facial recess is a small space located in the middle ear cavity. It is bound by various structures, including the head of the malleus (a small bone in the middle ear), the fossa incudis (a depression in the middle ear wall), and the chorda tympani (a nerve that runs through the middle ear). However, the structure that bounds the facial recess medially is the CN VII, which refers to the facial nerve.

4. Which of the following is not a candidate for cochlear implant

46 year with BOR syndrome who went deaf at 16 months

12 month old male with two deaf parents

79 year old male with SRT score of 40% on the left and 35% in theright

12 year old male with severe profound hearing loss s/p meningitis 4months ago

The 46-year-old with BOR syndrome who went deaf at 16 months is not a candidate for a cochlear implant because the individual has been deaf for a significant portion of their life. Cochlear implants are typically recommended for individuals who have severe to profound hearing loss and have not benefited from hearing aids. Since this individual has been deaf since early childhood, a cochlear implant may not provide significant benefit as their auditory system has not been stimulated for a long time.

Explanation

The 46-year-old with BOR syndrome who went deaf at 16 months is not a candidate for a cochlear implant because the individual has been deaf for a significant portion of their life. Cochlear implants are typically recommended for individuals who have severe to profound hearing loss and have not benefited from hearing aids. Since this individual has been deaf since early childhood, a cochlear implant may not provide significant benefit as their auditory system has not been stimulated for a long time.

5. 3. The following CT scan findings are a contraindication to cochlear implants

Mondini malformation

Michel malformation

Sclerosing labytinthitis

Aberrant carotid artery

Michel malformation is a congenital inner ear anomaly characterized by the absence of the cochlea and the cochlear nerve. This condition is a contraindication to cochlear implants because cochlear implants require a functioning cochlea and cochlear nerve to transmit sound signals to the brain. Therefore, individuals with Michel malformation would not benefit from cochlear implants as they do not have the necessary structures for sound perception and transmission.

Explanation

Michel malformation is a congenital inner ear anomaly characterized by the absence of the cochlea and the cochlear nerve. This condition is a contraindication to cochlear implants because cochlear implants require a functioning cochlea and cochlear nerve to transmit sound signals to the brain. Therefore, individuals with Michel malformation would not benefit from cochlear implants as they do not have the necessary structures for sound perception and transmission.