Chapter 14: The Nervous System 10 Questions

2.

Chemical substances in the brain that act as natural analgesics (opiates) and provide feelings of pleasure

Epilepsy
Acetylcholine
Endorphines
Stroke

Correct Answer

A. Endorphines

Explanation

Endorphins are chemical substances in the brain that act as natural analgesics (opiates) and provide feelings of pleasure. They are released in response to pain or stress and help to reduce pain and enhance feelings of well-being. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter involved in various functions including muscle movement and memory. Stroke is a medical condition caused by interrupted blood flow to the brain, leading to brain damage. Therefore, endorphins are the correct answer as they specifically relate to the given description.

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3.

Cerebrovascular accident

Sciatica
Stroke
Alzheimers disease
Diskectomy

Correct Answer

A. Stroke

Explanation

A stroke refers to a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain, leading to the death of brain cells. This interruption can occur either due to a blockage in the blood vessels supplying the brain (ischemic stroke) or due to a ruptured blood vessel causing bleeding in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). Strokes can result in various symptoms depending on the area of the brain affected, such as paralysis, difficulty speaking, or loss of memory. Therefore, the term "stroke" is the most appropriate choice to describe a cerebrovascular accident.

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4.

Severe form of senile dimentia

Stroke
Palsy
Epilepsy
Alzheimer's disease

Correct Answer

A. Alzheimer's disease

Explanation

Alzheimer's disease is a severe form of senile dementia characterized by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the brain, leading to the formation of plaques and tangles, which disrupt normal brain function. Unlike stroke, palsy, and epilepsy, which can cause sudden and temporary symptoms, Alzheimer's disease is a chronic condition that worsens over time. Therefore, Alzheimer's disease is the correct answer for the given question.

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5.

A neurological disorder involving repeated seizures of any type

Endorphins
Dementia
Epilepsy
Palsy

Correct Answer

A. Epilepsy

Explanation

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures of any type. Seizures are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which can result in various symptoms such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, or abnormal movements. Endorphins are natural pain-relieving chemicals produced by the body, and dementia refers to a decline in cognitive function. Palsy is a general term for weakness or paralysis of a body part. Therefore, the correct answer is epilepsy.

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6.

Used for back pain relief when all other conservative treatments have failed

Palsy
Endorphines
Actylcholine
Epiduroscopy

Correct Answer

A. Epiduroscopy

Explanation

Epiduroscopy is a medical procedure used for back pain relief when all other conservative treatments have failed. It involves the insertion of a small camera into the epidural space to visualize and treat the source of pain. By directly accessing the affected area, epiduroscopy allows for a more targeted approach to identifying and addressing the underlying cause of back pain. This procedure can be beneficial for patients who have not responded to other treatment options and may provide relief by addressing specific issues such as nerve compression or inflammation.

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7.

Cholinergic neurotransmitter

Diskectomy
Stroke
Acteylcholine
Sciatica

Correct Answer

A. Acteylcholine

Explanation

Acetylcholine is a cholinergic neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in transmitting signals between nerve cells and muscles. It is involved in various physiological processes, including muscle contraction, memory, and learning. The other terms mentioned in the question, such as diskectomy, stroke, and sciatica, do not directly relate to acetylcholine or cholinergic neurotransmitters. Therefore, the correct answer is acetylcholine.

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8.

Pathological loss of sensation or an impairment of motor functions

Endorphins
Palsy
Epilepsy
Stroke

Correct Answer

A. Palsy

Explanation

Palsy refers to a condition characterized by the loss of sensation or impairment of motor functions. It can be caused by various factors such as nerve damage, injury, or certain medical conditions. This condition can result in weakness, tremors, or paralysis in the affected area of the body. Endorphins are natural pain-relieving chemicals produced by the body, not directly related to palsy. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, and stroke refers to a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain, leading to brain damage or loss of function.

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9.

Severe pain along the course of the sciatic nerve

Stroke
Palsy
Sciatica
Epiduoscopy

Correct Answer

A. Sciatica

Explanation

Sciatica is the correct answer because it is a condition characterized by severe pain along the course of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is the longest nerve in the body, running from the lower back down through the buttocks and into the legs. When this nerve is compressed or irritated, it can cause pain, tingling, and numbness along its pathway. This condition is commonly caused by a herniated disc or spinal stenosis. Treatment for sciatica typically involves pain management, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery.

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10.

Surgical excision of an intervertebral disk

Epilepsy
Stroke
Palsy
Diskectomy

Correct Answer

A. Diskectomy

Explanation

Diskectomy is the surgical excision of an intervertebral disk. This procedure is commonly performed to treat conditions such as herniated or degenerative disks that are causing pain or nerve compression. During a diskectomy, the surgeon removes part or all of the damaged disk to relieve pressure on the spinal nerves and alleviate symptoms. This procedure is not related to epilepsy, stroke, or palsy, but specifically targets intervertebral disk problems.

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Chapter 14: The Nervous System 10 Questions

A group of symptoms marked by memory loss and other cognitive functions

Quiz Preview

Chemical substances in the brain that act as natural analgesics (opiates) and provide feelings of pleasure

Cerebrovascular accident

Severe form of senile dimentia

A neurological disorder involving repeated seizures of any type

Used for back pain relief when all other conservative treatments have failed

Cholinergic neurotransmitter

Pathological loss of sensation or an impairment of motor functions

Severe pain along the course of the sciatic nerve

Surgical excision of an intervertebral disk