Chapter 1 Review Questions

2.

Who is your teacher?

D'Anna
Brandon

3.

What class period are you in?

2
3
5
6
7
8

4.

Which statement is not an observation?

The insect has three legs on the left side.
The insect has a pattern on its back.
The insect's pattern shows that it is poisonous.
The insect is green, white, and black.

Correct Answer

A. The insect's pattern shows that it is poisonous.

Explanation

The statement "The insect's pattern shows that it is poisonous" is not an observation because it involves an interpretation or inference about the insect's pattern rather than a direct observation of the pattern itself. Observations are typically factual and objective descriptions of what is directly observable, while interpretations involve making conclusions or judgments based on those observations.

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5.

The statement "The worm is 2 cm long" is a(n)

Quantitative observation
Qualitative observation
Inference
Hypothesis

Correct Answer

A. Quantitative observation

Explanation

The statement "The worm is 2 cm long" is a quantitative observation because it provides a specific measurement of the length of the worm. It is a factual statement based on direct measurement or observation, rather than an interpretation or assumption.

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6.

An inference is

The same as an observation
A logical interpretation of an observation
A statement involving numbers
The best way to avoid bias

Correct Answer

A. A logical interpretation of an observation

Explanation

An inference is a logical interpretation of an observation. When we make an observation, we gather information through our senses. However, an inference goes beyond the observation and involves using reasoning and logic to draw conclusions or make interpretations based on the available evidence. It involves connecting the dots and making sense of the observed information. Inferences are important in fields such as science, where scientists make logical interpretations based on their observations to develop theories and explanations for phenomena.

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7.

To be useful in science, a hypothesis must be

Measurable
Observable
Testable
Correct

Correct Answer

A. Testable

Explanation

Only testable hypotheses are useful in science. Even incorrect hypotheses can give useful information about how the natural world works. Not all experiments involve things you can measure or directly see, but all must have a testable hypothesis.

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8.

Which statement about a controlled experiment is true?

All the variables must be kept the same.
Only one variable is changed at a time.
Scientists always use controlled experiments.
Controlled experiments cannot be performed on living things.

Correct Answer

A. Only one variable is changed at a time.

Explanation

Answer B is the definition of a controlled experiment. Not all studies lend themselves to controlled experiments. For example, field observations are, by definition, not controlled experiments.

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9.

A scientific theory is

Another word for hypothesis
A well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
The same as a conclusion of an experiment
Established when the conclusion of two separate experiments are the same

Correct Answer

A. A well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations

Explanation

A scientific theory is a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations. This means that a scientific theory is not just a guess or hypothesis, but it is based on extensive research and experimentation. It is a comprehensive explanation that can account for a wide variety of observations and has been repeatedly tested and supported by evidence. A scientific theory goes beyond the conclusion of a single experiment and provides a framework to understand and predict natural phenomena.

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10.

Which process is used by organisms to keep their internal conditions relatively stable?

Metabolism
Reproduction
Evolution
Homeostasis

Correct Answer

A. Homeostasis

Explanation

Homeostasis is the process used by organisms to maintain a relatively stable internal environment. It involves various physiological mechanisms that regulate temperature, pH levels, water balance, and other factors to ensure optimal conditions for the body's cells. Homeostasis is crucial for the proper functioning of an organism and allows it to adapt to changes in the external environment while keeping internal conditions within a narrow range. Metabolism, reproduction, and evolution are important processes in organisms but do not specifically refer to the maintenance of internal stability.

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11.

Please refer to the graph on page 32 of the course text book to answer this question. The manipulated (independent) variable was

Number of flies
Number of groups studied
Time in days
Size of the containers

Correct Answer

A. Size of the containers

Explanation

Remember that the independent variable is the variable which is changed (manipulated) by the researcher.

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12.

Please refer to the graph on page 32 of the course text book to answer this question. Which is a scientific inference based on the contents of the graph?

The flies in population B were healthier than those in population A.
A fly population with more available space will grow larger than one with less space.
In 40 more days, the sizes of both populations would decrease at the same rate.
The pattern shown in this graph is true only for fruit flies.

Correct Answer

A. A fly population with more available space will grow larger than one with less space.

Explanation

B is the only answer that can be inferred based solely on the graph.

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Chapter 1 Review Questions

Why is it important for scientists to test only ONE variable at a time during an experiment?

Quiz Preview

Who is your teacher?

What class period are you in?

Which statement is not an observation?

The statement "The worm is 2 cm long" is a(n)

An inference is

To be useful in science, a hypothesis must be

Which statement about a controlled experiment is true?

A scientific theory is

Which process is used by organisms to keep their internal conditions relatively stable?

Please refer to the graph on page 32 of the course text book to answer this question. The manipulated (independent) variable was

Please refer to the graph on page 32 of the course text book to answer this question. Which is a scientific inference based on the contents of the graph?