Chapter 1 Quiz 4 (2nd Secondary Biology)

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  • 1/37 Questions

    One of the following statements is not true about the intestinal villi ....…

    • They possess micro-villi
    • They increase the surface area
    • They are supplied with blood capillaries and lacteal vessels
    • They only participate in absorption of fats
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About This Quiz

Have you ever heard of secondary biology? Biology is the natural science that focuses on living organisms and all the processes they must endure. This process includes physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, growth, and advancement. Biology identifies the cell as the basic unit of life, also known as the building blocks of life. This quiz will reveal everything you want to know about secondary biology.

Chapter 1 Quiz 4 (2nd Secondary Biology) - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    In the epithelial cells of the villi, ….. and ….. may recombine.

    • Fatty acids and glycerol

    • Fatty acids and amino acids

    • Glucose and fructose

    • Glucose and galactose

    Correct Answer
    A. Fatty acids and glycerol
    Explanation
    In the epithelial cells of the villi, fatty acids and glycerol may recombine. This is because the villi are responsible for absorbing nutrients from the small intestine into the bloodstream. Fatty acids and glycerol are the components of dietary fats, and they are broken down during digestion. Once inside the epithelial cells of the villi, they can be recombined to form triglycerides, which are then packaged into chylomicrons and transported to the lymphatic system for further distribution throughout the body.

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  • 3. 

    The main function of lacteals (lymphatic capillaries) in the villi is the absorption of___.

    • Water and mineral salts

    • Amino acids and glucose

    • Glucose and vitamins

    • Fatty acids and glycerol

    Correct Answer
    A. Fatty acids and glycerol
    Explanation
    The main function of lacteals in the villi is the absorption of fatty acids and glycerol. Lacteals are specialized lymphatic capillaries found in the small intestine villi. They play a crucial role in the absorption of dietary fats. When fats are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol during digestion, they are absorbed by the lacteals and transported through the lymphatic system to the bloodstream. This allows the body to utilize these essential nutrients for energy and other metabolic processes.

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  • 4. 

    The main functions of the digestive system are ......

    • Ingestion and digestion

    • Secretion and pushing food forwards

    • Absorption and defecation

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "All of the above" because the main functions of the digestive system include ingestion (taking in food), digestion (breaking down food), secretion (releasing enzymes and other substances), pushing food forwards (peristalsis), absorption (taking in nutrients), and defecation (eliminating waste).

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following statements is true about metabolism?

    • It only involves the processes that build up the large molecules in the body.

    • It only involves the processes that break down the small molecules in the body.

    • It only involves the processes that break down the large molecules in the body.

    • It involves all of the processes that break down and build up molecules in the body.

    Correct Answer
    A. It involves all of the processes that break down and build up molecules in the body.
    Explanation
    Metabolism involves all of the processes that break down and build up molecules in the body. This includes both anabolic processes, which build up larger molecules from smaller ones, and catabolic processes, which break down larger molecules into smaller ones. Therefore, the correct answer is that metabolism involves all of these processes.

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  • 6. 

    What happens to amino acids after absorption?

    • Some amino acids are recycled to make new proteins.

    • Some are used as a source of energy.

    • Some are used to synthesize nitrogen containing compounds.

    • All the above.

    Correct Answer
    A. All the above.
    Explanation
    After absorption, amino acids can undergo various processes. Some amino acids are recycled to make new proteins, which is essential for growth and repair in the body. Additionally, some amino acids are used as a source of energy, providing fuel for various metabolic processes. Lastly, amino acids can also be used to synthesize nitrogen-containing compounds, such as neurotransmitters, hormones, and nucleotides. Therefore, all of the given options are correct, as amino acids can be utilized in these different ways after absorption.

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  • 7. 

    In anabolic reactions, the cell……

    • Decreases in size within very narrow limits

    • Remains same size

    • Increases in size within very narrow limits

    • Produces products of less energy-rich than their simple precursors.

    Correct Answer
    A. Increases in size within very narrow limits
    Explanation
    In anabolic reactions, the cell increases in size within very narrow limits. Anabolic reactions involve the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy input. This process allows the cell to grow and build new structures. However, the increase in size is limited to maintain the cell's functionality and prevent excessive growth.

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  • 8. 

    The proper pathway of glucose molecules absorbed by the villi till reaching the heart is.....

    • Lacteals / liver / hepatic vein / superior vena cava / heart

    • Lacteals / lymphatic system / superior vena cava / heart

    • Capillaries / hepatic portal vein / liver / hepatic vein / inferior vena cava / heart

    • Capillaries / hepatic vein / liver / hepatic portal vein / superior vena cava / heart

    Correct Answer
    A. Capillaries / hepatic portal vein / liver / hepatic vein / inferior vena cava / heart
    Explanation
    Glucose molecules are absorbed by the capillaries in the villi of the small intestine. From there, they enter the hepatic portal vein, which carries blood to the liver. In the liver, glucose is processed and stored as glycogen or released into the bloodstream. The hepatic vein then carries the blood, including glucose, from the liver to the inferior vena cava. Finally, the blood travels from the inferior vena cava to the heart, where it is pumped to the rest of the body.

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  • 9. 

    What is absorption?

    • The process of releasing digestive chemicals into the gastro-intestinal tract

    • The process of physically breaking down foodstuffs

    • The process of moving food components from the lumen of the gastro-intestinal tract into body cells

    • The process of removing waste materials from the gastro-intestinal tract

    Correct Answer
    A. The process of moving food components from the lumen of the gastro-intestinal tract into body cells
    Explanation
    Absorption refers to the process of moving food components from the lumen of the gastro-intestinal tract into body cells. This process allows nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, to be taken up by the body and used for various functions. Absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine, where nutrients are transported across the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream. From there, they can be delivered to cells throughout the body to support growth, repair, and energy production.

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  • 10. 

    When you eat a large meal, the _____ activity called digestion takes the biomolecules you consumed and breaks them down into smaller molecules.

    • Metabolic

    • Anabolic

    • Catabolic

    • Respiratory

    Correct Answer
    A. Catabolic
    Explanation
    When you eat a large meal, the catabolic activity called digestion takes the biomolecules you consumed and breaks them down into smaller molecules. Catabolic refers to the process of breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones, which is exactly what happens during digestion.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following doesn’t reach the blood stream directly?

    • Amino acids

    • Glucose

    • Fatty acids

    • Vitamin B

    Correct Answer
    A. Fatty acids
    Explanation
    Fatty acids do not reach the bloodstream directly. They are first broken down into smaller molecules called glycerol and fatty acids. The glycerol is converted into glucose, which can then enter the bloodstream. The fatty acids are transported to the liver, where they are used for energy or stored as fat. Therefore, while amino acids, glucose, and vitamin B can directly enter the bloodstream, fatty acids require additional steps before they can be utilized by the body.

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  • 12. 

    An example of catabolism is ___.

    • Dehydration reaction

    • Carbohydrate storage

    • Hydrolysis reaction

    • Condensation reaction

    Correct Answer
    A. Hydrolysis reaction
    Explanation
    Catabolism refers to the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, usually accompanied by the release of energy. Hydrolysis is a specific type of catabolic reaction where a molecule is broken down by the addition of water. In this reaction, a water molecule is split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions, which are then used to break the bonds of the molecule being catabolized. Therefore, hydrolysis reaction is an example of catabolism.

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  • 13. 

    The absorbed glucose that is not needed for energy is stored in the form of glycogen in …… and …….. as a source of potential energy, readily available when needed.

    • Kidney, Liver

    • Muscle cells, Brain cells

    • Pancreas, adipose tissue

    • Muscle cells, Liver

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscle cells, Liver
    Explanation
    When glucose is absorbed into the body but is not immediately needed for energy, it is stored in the form of glycogen. The liver and muscle cells are responsible for storing this excess glucose as glycogen. The liver acts as a storage site for glycogen and can release glucose into the bloodstream when needed. Muscle cells also store glycogen and use it as a source of energy during physical activity. Therefore, both muscle cells and the liver store glucose as glycogen, providing a readily available source of potential energy when needed.

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  • 14. 
    The food particles shown in the figure below are absorbed by the epithelial mucosal cell of the villi and transferred through the lymphatic vessel to the …… - ProProfs

    The food particles shown in the figure below are absorbed by the epithelial mucosal cell of the villi and transferred through the lymphatic vessel to the ……

    • Lymphatic system

    • Superior vena cava directly

    • Inferior vena cava directly

    • Liver

    Correct Answer
    A. Lymphatic system
    Explanation
    The food particles shown in the figure are absorbed by the epithelial mucosal cell of the villi. These absorbed nutrients are then transferred through the lymphatic vessel to the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in the absorption and transportation of fats and fat-soluble vitamins. It also helps in filtering and removing waste products from the body. Therefore, the correct answer is the lymphatic system.

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  • 15. 

    All the following describe the fate of fatty acids after absorption except.....

    • Used in catabolic processes that generates energy.

    • Used in anabolic processes that creates biologically important molecules such as phospholipids.

    • Fatty acids and glycerol are stored in adipose fat in complex forms such as triglycerides.

    • Can be used to make glucose.

    Correct Answer
    A. Can be used to make glucose.
    Explanation
    Fatty acids can be used in catabolic processes that generate energy through the process of beta-oxidation. They can also be used in anabolic processes to create phospholipids, which are important for cell membranes. Fatty acids and glycerol are stored in adipose fat in the form of triglycerides for later use as an energy source. However, fatty acids cannot be directly converted into glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis. Glucose is primarily synthesized from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids and glycerol. Therefore, the statement that fatty acids can be used to make glucose is incorrect.

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  • 16. 

    Arrange the correct sequence of the steps involved in the process of the Human Digestive System?

    • Digestion, Ingestion, Assimilation of food, Defecation and Absorption

    • Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation of food and Defecation

    • Defecation, Absorption, Digestion, Assimilation of food and Ingestion

    • Assimilation of food, Absorption, Ingestion, Digestion and Defecation

    Correct Answer
    A. Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation of food and Defecation
    Explanation
    The correct sequence of steps involved in the process of the Human Digestive System is as follows:
    1. Ingestion: The process of taking in food through the mouth.
    2. Digestion: The breakdown of food into smaller molecules by mechanical and chemical processes in the stomach and small intestine.
    3. Absorption: The process by which nutrients from digested food are taken into the bloodstream through the lining of the small intestine.
    4. Assimilation of food: The utilization of absorbed nutrients by cells for growth, repair, and energy production.
    5. Defecation: The elimination of undigested waste materials from the body through the rectum and anus.

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  • 17. 
    According to the figure below, Which of the following statements is incorrect ...... - ProProfs

    According to the figure below, Which of the following statements is incorrect ......

    • Photosynthesis process requires energy.

    • Oxidation of free fatty acids requires energy.

    • Adding an amino acid to a polypeptide chain requires energy.

    • All condensation reactions are anabolic.

    Correct Answer
    A. Oxidation of free fatty acids requires energy.
    Explanation
    The oxidation of free fatty acids actually releases energy in the form of ATP. This process is an important source of energy for cells, especially during times of fasting or prolonged exercise. Therefore, the statement that oxidation of free fatty acids requires energy is incorrect.

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  • 18. 
    The figure below illustrates the structure of the villi. Which of the following substances are absorbed in the structure (A) and which in the structure (B)?Vitamin D, Vitamin C, glycerol and minerals.  - ProProfs

    The figure below illustrates the structure of the villi. Which of the following substances are absorbed in the structure (A) and which in the structure (B)?Vitamin D, Vitamin C, glycerol and minerals. 

    • Vitamins D and C in (A) / glycerol and minerals in (B)

    • Vitamin D and glycerol in (B) / vitamin C and minerals in (A)

    • Vitamins D, vitamin C and minerals in (A) / glycerol in (B)

    • Minerals and glycerol in (A) / vitamins D and C in (B)

    Correct Answer
    A. Vitamin D and glycerol in (B) / vitamin C and minerals in (A)
    Explanation
    The villi are small finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption. Vitamin D and glycerol are absorbed in structure (B) because they are both lipid-soluble substances. Vitamin C and minerals are absorbed in structure (A) because they are water-soluble substances.

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  • 19. 

    In each villus, all of the following are true except ……

    • A lacteal is surrounded by blood capillaries in the mucosal layer of the ileum.

    • Products of digestion are transferred to the blood and lymph

    • There are tiny projections from the epithelial cells called micro-villi

    • There is an outer covering of multi-layers epithelial cells.

    Correct Answer
    A. There is an outer covering of multi-layers epithelial cells.
    Explanation
    In each villus, all of the following statements are true except for "There is an outer covering of multi-layers epithelial cells." The villi in the small intestine have a single layer of epithelial cells, not multiple layers. The other statements are correct. The lacteal is surrounded by blood capillaries, products of digestion are transferred to the blood and lymph, and there are microvilli present on the epithelial cells.

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  • 20. 

    Defecation Involves ……… muscles of the rectum and the anal sphincter.

    • Voluntary and Involuntary

    • Voluntary

    • Involuntary

    • Skeletal

    Correct Answer
    A. Voluntary and Involuntary
    Explanation
    Defecation involves both voluntary and involuntary muscles of the rectum and the anal sphincter. The voluntary muscles are under conscious control and allow us to initiate the process of defecation when we feel the urge to go to the bathroom. The involuntary muscles, on the other hand, work automatically and help to propel the feces out of the rectum and through the anal sphincter. This combination of voluntary and involuntary muscle contractions ensures the effective elimination of waste from the body.

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  • 21. 

    The process by which the absorbed food becomes a part of the body is called ………

    • Anabolism

    • Catabolism

    • Digestion

    • Absorption

    Correct Answer
    A. Anabolism
    Explanation
    Anabolism is the correct answer because it refers to the process by which absorbed food molecules are used to build and repair tissues in the body. This process involves the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, such as the conversion of glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver. Anabolism is an essential part of metabolism and is responsible for the growth and maintenance of the body's cells and tissues.

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  • 22. 

    In addition to increasing surface area, villi carry out what function?

    • Secrete nutrients into the lumen

    • Introduce microvilli into the circulatory system

    • Move nutrients into the circulatory system via capillaries

    • Eliminate waste products of digestion

    Correct Answer
    A. Move nutrients into the circulatory system via capillaries
    Explanation
    Villi are small finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients. They contain capillaries, which are tiny blood vessels. These capillaries help in the absorption of nutrients from the digested food in the small intestine and transport them into the circulatory system. Therefore, the function of villi is to move nutrients into the circulatory system via capillaries.

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  • 23. 

    In the villi, once the absorbed amino acids passed through the cell membrane, they are released into the intestinal ……. and are transported to the liver by the…….

    • Lymph, hepatic vein

    • Lymphatic vessels, lacteals

    • Mucosa, hepatic vein

    • Blood stream, hepatic portal vein

    Correct Answer
    A. Blood stream, hepatic portal vein
    Explanation
    Once the absorbed amino acids pass through the cell membrane in the villi, they are released into the intestinal blood stream. From there, they are transported to the liver by the hepatic portal vein. This vein carries nutrient-rich blood from the intestines to the liver for processing and detoxification before it is distributed to the rest of the body.

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  • 24. 

    Fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed by…..

    • Lacteals of the villi

    • Capillaries of the villi

    • Wall of the stomach

    • Wall of large intestine

    Correct Answer
    A. Lacteals of the villi
    Explanation
    Fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed by the lacteals of the villi. Lacteals are specialized lymphatic capillaries found in the small intestine. They are responsible for absorbing dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins. The villi are small, finger-like projections on the inner lining of the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption. The fatty acids and glycerol are transported through the lymphatic system and eventually enter the bloodstream.

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  • 25. 

    Which is not true for the absorption process?

    • Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are absorbed along with dietary proteins.

    • Water moves down its concentration gradient from the chyme into epithelial cells.

    • In general all minerals that enter the intestine are absorbed, whether you need them or not.

    • The free fatty acids and monoacylglycerides (glycerol molecules) that enter the epithelial cells are reincorporated into triglycerides.

    Correct Answer
    A. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are absorbed along with dietary proteins.
    Explanation
    The absorption process involves the uptake of nutrients from the digestive system into the bloodstream. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are actually absorbed along with dietary fats, not proteins. They require the presence of fats for proper absorption.

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  • 26. 
    Vitamin A, emulsified fats, glucose and Vitamin C are food materials result from digestion of food. Which of them are found in (A) and which in (B)? - ProProfs

    Vitamin A, emulsified fats, glucose and Vitamin C are food materials result from digestion of food. Which of them are found in (A) and which in (B)?

    • Vitamin A and glucose are in (A) / Vitamin C and emulsified fats are in (B)

    • Vitamins A and C are in (B) / glucose and emulsified fats are in (A)

    • Glucose and emulsified fats are in (B) / vitamins A and C are in (A)

    • Emulsified fats and vitamin A are in (B) / vitamin C and glucose in (A)

    Correct Answer
    A. Emulsified fats and vitamin A are in (B) / vitamin C and glucose in (A)
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that emulsified fats and vitamin A are found in (B), while vitamin C and glucose are found in (A). This means that emulsified fats and vitamin A are the food materials resulting from digestion that are found in option (B), while vitamin C and glucose are the food materials resulting from digestion that are found in option (A).

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  • 27. 

    The cell stores energy in the synthesis of ATP, Then the ATP is broken down and a controlled amount of energy is released. Which of the following sentences is true?

    • Synthesis of ATP is a catabolic reaction

    • Synthesis of ATP is an anabolic reaction

    • Breaking down of ATP is an anabolic reaction

    • Breaking down of ATP is endergonic (requires energy) .

    Correct Answer
    A. Synthesis of ATP is an anabolic reaction
    Explanation
    The synthesis of ATP is an anabolic reaction because it involves the building of ATP molecules from smaller molecules, which requires energy input. Anabolic reactions are responsible for the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, and they typically require energy. In this case, the energy is stored in the ATP molecules for later use. The breaking down of ATP, on the other hand, is a catabolic reaction because it involves the breakdown of ATP molecules into smaller molecules, releasing energy in the process.

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  • 28. 

    Structure in which waste material is compressed into solid form.

    • Rectum

    • Anus

    • Duodenum

    • Villi

    Correct Answer
    A. Rectum
    Explanation
    The rectum is the structure in the digestive system where waste material is compressed into a solid form before being eliminated from the body. It acts as a temporary storage site for feces until they can be expelled through the anus. The rectum plays an important role in the elimination of waste and maintaining the overall health and functioning of the digestive system.

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  • 29. 

    A young infant may be feeding entirely on mother’s milk which is white in colour, but the stools which the infant passes out is quite yellowish. What is this yellow colour due to?

    • Intestinal juice

    • Bile pigments that passed through the bile juice

    • Undigested milk protein

    • Pancreatic juice poured into the duodenum

    Correct Answer
    A. Bile pigments that passed through the bile juice
    Explanation
    The yellow color of the stools in a young infant is due to bile pigments that have passed through the bile juice. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It is released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Bile pigments, such as bilirubin, give bile its yellow color. When these pigments are not fully broken down and absorbed in the small intestine, they can pass through the digestive system and give the stools a yellowish color.

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  • 30. 
    The figure below is a diagrammatic representation for the absorption process. What are (A), (B) and (C)? - ProProfs

    The figure below is a diagrammatic representation for the absorption process. What are (A), (B) and (C)?

    • (B) large intestine / (A) duodenum / (C) hepatic vein

    • (C) inferior vena cava / (B) pancreas / (A) lacteal vessel

    • (A) hepatic portal vein / (C) superior vena cava (B) liver

    • (A) hepatic vein / (B) liver / (C) superior vena cava

    Correct Answer
    A. (A) hepatic portal vein / (C) superior vena cava (B) liver
  • 31. 

    Villi are specialized for absorption in the small intestine as they have a thin wall, one cell thick so that to .......

    • Make it tightly wrinkled into folds.

    • Increase the surface area of the intestine.

    • Make it a highly regenerative organ.

    • Enable a shorter diffusion path.

    Correct Answer
    A. Enable a shorter diffusion path.
    Explanation
    The thin wall of the villi in the small intestine enables a shorter diffusion path for the absorption of nutrients. This means that the nutrients can easily pass through the thin wall and be absorbed into the bloodstream more efficiently. The shorter diffusion path allows for quicker and more effective absorption of nutrients, ensuring that the body receives the necessary substances for energy and growth.

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  • 32. 

    Which of the following food substances takes a different route during absorption?

    • Bread

    • Egg white

    • Butter

    • Honey

    Correct Answer
    A. Butter
    Explanation
    Butter takes a different route during absorption compared to the other food substances listed. While bread, egg white, and honey are all primarily absorbed in the small intestine, butter is primarily absorbed in the stomach. This is because butter is high in fat, and fat digestion begins in the stomach with the help of an enzyme called gastric lipase. The fat in butter is broken down into smaller molecules called fatty acids and glycerol, which can then be absorbed through the stomach lining.

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  • 33. 

    Digested food is transferred to the blood and lymph by …..

    • Active transport and membrane diffusion

    • Passive diffusion and imbibition

    • Osmosis and active transport

    • Osmosis and imbibition

    Correct Answer
    A. Active transport and membrane diffusion
    Explanation
    Active transport is the process by which cells use energy to move molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient. This allows the transfer of digested food from the intestine into the bloodstream. Membrane diffusion, on the other hand, refers to the movement of molecules across a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This process also aids in the transfer of digested food into the bloodstream. Therefore, both active transport and membrane diffusion are involved in the transfer of digested food to the blood and lymph.

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  • 34. 

    Water is mostly absorbed in the …..

    • Colon

    • Oesophagus

    • Small intestine

    • Stomach

    Correct Answer
    A. Colon
    Explanation
    Water is mostly absorbed in the colon. The colon, also known as the large intestine, is responsible for the final stages of water absorption in the digestive system. After the small intestine has absorbed most of the nutrients from food, the remaining waste material enters the colon. The colon absorbs water and electrolytes from this waste material, helping to form solid stool. This process is important for maintaining proper hydration and preventing excessive water loss in the body.

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  • 35. 

    How are products of starch digestion absorbed?

    • Active transport to the lacteal vessel

    • Diffusion to the lacteal vessel

    • Diffusion to blood capillaries

    • Active transport to blood capillaries

    Correct Answer
    A. Active transport to blood capillaries
    Explanation
    The products of starch digestion are absorbed through active transport to blood capillaries. Active transport is a process that requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient. In this case, the products of starch digestion are actively transported from the small intestine into the bloodstream through the blood capillaries. This allows for efficient absorption of nutrients into the body.

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  • 36. 

    Which statement about absorption from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract is correct?

    • Absorption of glucose is associated with sodium uptake (2ry active transport).

    • Fructose is absorbed more rapidly than glucose via specific trans-membrane integral proteins (facilitated diffusion).

    • Galactose and fructose are absorbed by simple diffusion.

    • Most water absorption along the gastro-intestinal tract occurs in the colon.

    Correct Answer
    A. Absorption of glucose is associated with sodium uptake (2ry active transport).
    Explanation
    Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine through a process called secondary active transport, where sodium ions are actively transported out of the cell, creating a concentration gradient that drives the uptake of glucose into the cell. This process is facilitated by a protein called the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT). Therefore, the correct statement is that absorption of glucose is associated with sodium uptake (2ry active transport).

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  • 37. 

    All of the following represent the adaptation of the large intestine to its function except …..

    • Lining of the epithelial wall has many convolutions to increase absorption.

    • Feces are expelled outside the body by the contractions of the anal muscles.

    • The mucosa layer secretes mucus to facilitate the exit of feces.

    • Presence of Bacteria which break down undigested food remains into simple substances.

    Correct Answer
    A. Feces are expelled outside the body by the contractions of the anal muscles.
    Explanation
    The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food material, forming feces. The lining of the epithelial wall having many convolutions increases the surface area for absorption. The mucosa layer secretes mucus to facilitate the smooth passage of feces. The presence of bacteria in the large intestine helps in breaking down undigested food remains into simple substances. However, the expulsion of feces outside the body is not an adaptation of the large intestine, but rather a function of the anal muscles.

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  • Mar 09, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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    Samy
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