Chapter 3 Quiz 1 (2nd Secondary Biology)
How much do you know about secondary biology? Biology can be defined as living organisms' study, where they come from, their anatomy, morphology, composition, behavior, and movement. Some examples of different types of biology include human biology, marine biology, and molecular biology. Biology is a natural science. This quiz can be helpful if you are studying for a biology test or exam.
- 1.
The figure below is of a cell with one mitochondrion. Where does each of the following reaction occur inside the cell?Production of pyruvic acid / Oxidation of pyruvic acid / Transfer of electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors.
- A.
Production of pyruvate in (1) / Oxidation of pyruvate in (2) / Transfer of electrons in (3)
- B.
Production of pyruvate in (3) / Oxidation of pyruvate in (2) / Transfer of electrons in (4)
- C.
Production of pyruvate in (2) / Oxidation of pyruvate in (1) / Transfer of electrons in (4)
- D.
Production of pyruvate in (1) / Oxidation of pyruvate in (4) / Transfer of electrons in (3)
Correct Answer
D. Production of pyruvate in (1) / Oxidation of pyruvate in (4) / Transfer of electrons in (3)Explanation
The correct answer states that the production of pyruvate occurs in (1), the oxidation of pyruvate occurs in (4), and the transfer of electrons occurs in (3). This is consistent with the process of cellular respiration. Pyruvate is produced in the cytoplasm during glycolysis, which takes place in (1). Pyruvate is then transported into the mitochondrion, where it is oxidized in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in (4). During this process, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors in the electron transport chain, which takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane, represented by (3).Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following correctly explain the function a mitochondrion?
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
A. A -
- 3.
The equation in the figure below is called ....
- A.
Oxidative phosphorylation
- B.
Oxidative decarboxylation
- C.
Pyruvate production
- D.
Pyruvate reduction
Correct Answer
B. Oxidative decarboxylationExplanation
The equation in the figure below is called oxidative decarboxylation. This process involves the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule, typically in the form of carbon dioxide, while also generating energy through the transfer of electrons to the electron transport chain. Oxidative decarboxylation is an important step in cellular respiration, specifically in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Oxygen is needed in the Electron Transport System to……..
- A.
Prevent a pile-up (accumulation) of hydrogen ions
- B.
Prevent a pile-up of NAD+
- C.
Act as a final electron acceptor that helps to move electrons down a chain for the production of ATP
- D.
Oxidize glucose molecules
Correct Answer
C. Act as a final electron acceptor that helps to move electrons down a chain for the production of ATPExplanation
Oxygen is needed in the Electron Transport System to act as a final electron acceptor that helps to move electrons down a chain for the production of ATP. In the Electron Transport System, electrons are passed from one molecule to another, creating a flow of electrons. Oxygen accepts these electrons at the end of the chain, allowing for the production of ATP, which is the energy currency of the cell. Without oxygen as the final electron acceptor, the electron transport chain would not be able to function properly, leading to a decrease in ATP production.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Each NADH entering the Electron Transport System from Krebs cycle produces…..
- A.
1 ATP
- B.
2 ATP
- C.
3 ATP
- D.
ATP
Correct Answer
C. 3 ATPExplanation
Each NADH molecule entering the Electron Transport System from the Krebs cycle produces 3 ATP molecules. This is because during oxidative phosphorylation, NADH donates its electrons to the electron transport chain, which leads to the generation of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient drives the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase, and each NADH molecule contributes enough energy to produce 3 ATP molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is 3 ATP.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Each FADH2 entering the Electron Transport system from Kreb's cycle produces…..
- A.
1 ATP
- B.
2 ATP
- C.
3 ATP
- D.
4 ATP
Correct Answer
B. 2 ATPExplanation
Each FADH2 molecule produced in the Kreb's cycle enters the Electron Transport System and donates its electrons to the electron transport chain. As the electrons are passed along the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP. However, FADH2 enters the electron transport chain at a later stage than NADH, resulting in fewer protons being pumped and ultimately leading to the production of only 2 ATP molecules per FADH2.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following molecules will diffuse out of the cell, enter the bloodstream, and be released from the lungs during aerobic cellular respiration?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Carbon dioxide
- C.
ATP
- D.
Glucose
Correct Answer
B. Carbon dioxideExplanation
During aerobic cellular respiration, glucose is broken down in the cell to produce ATP and carbon dioxide as waste. Oxygen is taken in by the cell to aid in the production of ATP. While ATP is used as an energy source within the cell, it does not diffuse out of the cell or enter the bloodstream. Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, is a waste product and diffuses out of the cell, enters the bloodstream, and is eventually released from the lungs through respiration. Therefore, the molecule that fits the given criteria is carbon dioxide.Rate this question:
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- 8.
During aerobic cellular respiration, which molecule originates from the digestive system?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
ATP
- C.
Water
- D.
Glucose
Correct Answer
D. GlucoseExplanation
Glucose is the molecule that originates from the digestive system during aerobic cellular respiration. When we eat food, the digestive system breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. This glucose is then transported to the cells where it undergoes aerobic cellular respiration to produce ATP, which is the main energy currency of the cell. Oxygen is also required for aerobic respiration, but it does not originate from the digestive system. Water is a byproduct of aerobic respiration, but it is not sourced from the digestive system.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Cytochromes are located …..
- A.
Within the cytoplasm of a cell
- B.
On the cristae of mitochondria
- C.
Within the matrix of mitochondria
- D.
Within the stroma of chloroplasts
Correct Answer
B. On the cristae of mitochondriaExplanation
Cytochromes are proteins that are involved in electron transport in cells. They are located on the cristae of mitochondria, which are the folded inner membranes of the mitochondria. The cristae provide a large surface area for the cytochromes to carry out their function of transferring electrons during cellular respiration. This location allows for efficient energy production in the form of ATP.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following statements about aerobic cellular respiration in the human body is NOT correct?
- A.
Glucose and oxygen are delivered to the cells by the bloodstream.
- B.
Carbon dioxide and water are removed from the cells by the bloodstream.
- C.
ATP remains in the cytoplasm as a source of energy for the cell to do work.
- D.
In mitochondria, glucose is broken down where carbon dioxide, water as well as ATP are produced.
Correct Answer
D. In mitochondria, glucose is broken down where carbon dioxide, water as well as ATP are produced.Explanation
This statement is incorrect because in mitochondria, glucose is broken down to produce carbon dioxide and water, but ATP is not produced in mitochondria. ATP is produced during the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following statements is correct?
- A.
NAD is reduced and becomes NADH2 when it accepts hydrogen atoms.
- B.
NAD is oxidized and becomes NADH when it accepts hydrogen atoms.
- C.
NAD is reduced and becomes NADH2 when it releases hydrogen atoms.
- D.
NADH2 is reduced to NAD when the hydrogen atoms are passed to another acceptor.
Correct Answer
A. NAD is reduced and becomes NADH2 when it accepts hydrogen atoms.Explanation
When NAD accepts hydrogen atoms, it gains electrons and is reduced to NADH2. This is because the hydrogen atoms carry electrons, and when they are transferred to NAD, it undergoes reduction. The electrons from the hydrogen atoms are then used in various metabolic reactions.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about NAD+?
- A.
NAD+ can only be used once before it must be resynthesized.
- B.
NAD+ can accept hydrogen atoms and is reduced to NADH2.
- C.
NADH2 can carry the hydrogen atoms to another acceptor, becoming oxidized to NAD+ again.
- D.
NAD+ is involved in cellular respiration.
Correct Answer
A. NAD+ can only be used once before it must be resynthesized.Explanation
NAD+ can be used multiple times before it needs to be resynthesized.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about glycolysis?
- A.
Glycolysis takes place within the cytoplasm.
- B.
Glycolysis uses two ATP but forms four ATP, resulting in a net gain of two ATP molecules.
- C.
During glycolysis, two molecules of NAD+ are reduced to form 2NADH + 2H+
- D.
Glycolysis begins with a glucose molecule and ends with four pyruvate molecules.
Correct Answer
D. Glycolysis begins with a glucose molecule and ends with four pyruvate molecules.Explanation
During glycolysis, a glucose molecule is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, not four. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and involves the conversion of two molecules of NAD+ to 2NADH + 2H+. Additionally, glycolysis uses two ATP molecules but produces four ATP molecules, resulting in a net gain of two ATP molecules.Rate this question:
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- 14.
How many times does the Krebs cycle turn per glucose molecule?
- A.
Once
- B.
Twice
- C.
Three times
- D.
Four times
Correct Answer
B. TwiceExplanation
The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells. During this cycle, a glucose molecule is broken down, resulting in the production of energy-rich molecules such as ATP. The cycle completes twice per glucose molecule, meaning that it goes through all the reactions and processes twice before the glucose molecule is fully utilized. This allows for the maximum extraction of energy from the glucose molecule.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following molecules is NOT formed as a result of the Krebs cycle during aerobic cellular respiration?
- A.
NADH
- B.
ATP
- C.
ADP
- D.
FADH2
Correct Answer
C. ADPExplanation
ADP is not formed as a result of the Krebs cycle during aerobic cellular respiration. The Krebs cycle produces NADH and FADH2, which are electron carriers that go on to produce ATP through the electron transport chain. ADP is the precursor molecule that gets phosphorylated to form ATP, but it is not directly formed during the Krebs cycle.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which molecule will combine with the four-carbon oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle to form the six-carbon citrate?
- A.
Lactic acid
- B.
NADH
- C.
FADH2
- D.
Acetyl-CoA
Correct Answer
D. Acetyl-CoAExplanation
Acetyl-CoA is the correct answer because it combines with the four-carbon oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle to form the six-carbon citrate. Acetyl-CoA is a molecule that carries acetyl groups, which are two-carbon units, and in this case, it combines with the four-carbon oxaloacetate to form the six-carbon citrate.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which molecule is the final acceptor of electrons at the end of the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Carbon dioxide
- C.
Lactic acid
- D.
Citric acid
Correct Answer
A. OxygenExplanation
Oxygen is the final acceptor of electrons at the end of the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration. During this process, electrons are passed down a series of protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is used to generate ATP, and at the end of the chain, oxygen accepts the electrons, forming water. This is why oxygen is essential for aerobic respiration to occur.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the following overall equations represents aerobic cellular respiration?
- A.
C6H12O6 -----> 2 pyruvic acids + 2 ATP
- B.
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy -----> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
- C.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -----> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
- D.
C6H12O6 -----> 2 lactic acid + 2 ATP
Correct Answer
C. C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -----> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energyExplanation
The correct answer represents the overall equation for aerobic cellular respiration. It shows that glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) are used to produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and energy. This equation accurately represents the process of aerobic cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release energy. The other options do not accurately represent this process.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following pathways and reactions will result in the production of the most ATP molecules during aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule?
- A.
Glycolysis
- B.
Krebs cycle
- C.
Electron transport system
- D.
Fermentation
Correct Answer
C. Electron transport systemExplanation
The electron transport system is the final step in aerobic cellular respiration and is responsible for the majority of ATP production. During this process, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed through a series of protein complexes, creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The flow of protons back across the membrane through ATP synthase generates ATP. In contrast, glycolysis only produces a small amount of ATP, the Krebs cycle produces a moderate amount, and fermentation produces no ATP. Therefore, the electron transport system is the pathway that results in the production of the most ATP molecules during aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following overall equations represents fermentation that occurs in yeast cells?
- A.
C6H12O6 -----> 2 pyruvic acid + 2 ATP
- B.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 -----> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
- C.
C6H12O6 -----> 2 lactic acid + 2 ATP
- D.
C6H12O6 -----> 2ethyl alcohol + 2 CO2 + 2 ATP
Correct Answer
D. C6H12O6 -----> 2ethyl alcohol + 2 CO2 + 2 ATPExplanation
The correct answer is C6H12O6 → 2ethyl alcohol + 2 CO2 + 2 ATP. This equation represents fermentation in yeast cells because it shows the conversion of glucose (C6H12O6) into ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the absence of oxygen. This process is known as alcoholic fermentation and is commonly carried out by yeast cells to produce energy in the form of ATP.Rate this question:
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- 21.
______ is a series of enzymatic reactions by which glucose is incompletely metabolized to lactate or carbon dioxide and alcohol.
- A.
Fermentation
- B.
The Krebs cycle
- C.
The electron transport system
- D.
Glycolysis
Correct Answer
A. FermentationExplanation
Fermentation is a series of enzymatic reactions that involve the incomplete metabolism of glucose to lactate or carbon dioxide and alcohol. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen and is commonly used by microorganisms such as yeast and bacteria to produce energy. During fermentation, glucose is broken down through glycolysis, and the end products can vary depending on the specific organism involved.Rate this question:
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- 22.
When oxygen is NOT available to an animal cell, which of the following statements is correct?
- A.
Only the electron transport system remains operative.
- B.
More hydrogen gas is produced because oxygen, the final acceptor, is not present.
- C.
The cells production of ATP molecules is cut.
- D.
Glycolysis still occurs because NADH2 passes its hydrogen atoms to pyruvate.
Correct Answer
D. Glycolysis still occurs because NADH2 passes its hydrogen atoms to pyruvate.Explanation
When oxygen is not available to an animal cell, glycolysis still occurs because NADH2 passes its hydrogen atoms to pyruvate. This is known as fermentation, where pyruvate is converted into either lactate or ethanol, depending on the organism. This process allows the production of a small amount of ATP without the need for oxygen. The electron transport system, which requires oxygen as the final acceptor, cannot function without oxygen, so only glycolysis can continue to produce energy in the absence of oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Out of 38 molecules of ATP produced by respiration of one glucose molecule, the number of ATP molecules produced from NADH2 are …..
- A.
22 ATP
- B.
36 ATP
- C.
30 ATP
- D.
34 ATP
Correct Answer
C. 30 ATPExplanation
During cellular respiration, NADH2 molecules are produced in the Krebs cycle. Each NADH2 molecule can generate 3 ATP molecules through oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain. Therefore, if there are 38 molecules of ATP produced from one glucose molecule, and NADH2 molecules produce 3 ATP each, the total number of ATP molecules produced from NADH2 would be 30 (38/3 = 12, 12 x 3 = 36).Rate this question:
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- 24.
Out of 38 molecules of ATP produced by respiration of one glucose molecule, the number of ATP molecules produced from FADH2 are …..
- A.
4 ATP
- B.
8 ATP
- C.
20 ATP
- D.
22ATP
Correct Answer
A. 4 ATPExplanation
During cellular respiration, FADH2 is produced in the electron transport chain. Each FADH2 molecule can generate 2 ATP molecules through oxidative phosphorylation. Since there are 38 molecules of ATP produced in total, and FADH2 can generate 2 ATP molecules each, the number of ATP molecules produced from FADH2 is 4.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Inner membrane of mitochondria folds inwards, ….
- A.
Forming the cristae.
- B.
Increasing the metabolic and energy-producing activities of mitochondria.
- C.
Allowing a greater amount of membrane to be packed into the mitochondrion.
- D.
All of them.
Correct Answer
D. All of them.Explanation
The inner membrane of mitochondria folds inwards to form the cristae, which increases the surface area available for metabolic and energy-producing activities. This folding also allows a greater amount of membrane to be packed into the mitochondrion, maximizing its efficiency. Therefore, all of the given statements are correct.Rate this question:
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- 26.
In a complete aerobic respiration of glucose the only 5-C intermediate compound formed is …..
- A.
Keto-gluataric acid
- B.
Malic acid
- C.
Succinic acid
- D.
Oxalo-acetic acid
Correct Answer
A. Keto-gluataric acidExplanation
In a complete aerobic respiration of glucose, keto-glutaric acid is the only 5-C intermediate compound formed. This compound is produced during the Krebs cycle, which is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of cells. During the Krebs cycle, glucose is broken down into smaller molecules, and one of the intermediates formed is keto-glutaric acid. This compound plays a crucial role in the production of energy in the form of ATP.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Cellular respiration is a(an) …..
- A.
Anabolic process that uses O2 and CO2 to form ATP
- B.
Catabolic process that uses CO2, produces O2 and converts released enrgy into ATP
- C.
Anabolic process that uses O2, produces CO2 and converts released energy into ATP
- D.
Catabolic process that uses O2, produces CO2 and converts released energy into ATP
Correct Answer
D. Catabolic process that uses O2, produces CO2 and converts released energy into ATPExplanation
Cellular respiration is a catabolic process that uses O2, produces CO2, and converts released energy into ATP. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells and is essential for the production of energy in the form of ATP. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are broken down to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. This process releases energy that is stored in the chemical bonds of glucose and converts it into a usable form for the cell.Rate this question:
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- 28.
How many molecules of ATP are produced from the cytoplasmic portion by the oxidation of 4 glucose molecules?
- A.
6 ATP
- B.
8 ATP
- C.
10 ATP
- D.
12 ATP
Correct Answer
B. 8 ATPExplanation
The oxidation of 4 glucose molecules in the cytoplasmic portion produces 8 molecules of ATP. This is because each glucose molecule produces 2 molecules of ATP through glycolysis, resulting in a total of 8 ATP molecules.Rate this question:
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- 29.
When two molecules of ATP are disintegrated, the amount of energy liberated is about …..
- A.
9 kcal
- B.
14 kcal
- C.
36 kcal
- D.
39 kcal
Correct Answer
B. 14 kcalExplanation
When two molecules of ATP are disintegrated, the amount of energy liberated is about 14 kcal. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that stores and releases energy in cells. When ATP is broken down into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, energy is released. Each ATP molecule releases approximately 7 kcal of energy, so when two molecules are disintegrated, the total energy liberated is about 14 kcal.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Out of 38 ATP molecules produced per glucose, 34 ATP molecules are formed from NADH/ FADH2 in …..
- A.
Glycolysis
- B.
Krebs cycle
- C.
Oxidative decarboxylation
- D.
Electron transport chain
Correct Answer
D. Electron transport chainExplanation
The correct answer is Electron transport chain. Out of the 38 ATP molecules produced per glucose, 34 ATP molecules are formed from NADH/FADH2 in the Electron transport chain. This is because NADH and FADH2, which are generated in the previous steps of cellular respiration (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative decarboxylation), donate their electrons to the electron transport chain. The electron transport chain uses these electrons to create a proton gradient, which powers the synthesis of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
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- 31.
At the end of glycolysis, the six carbon compound ultimately is changed into ……
- A.
Citric acid
- B.
Ethyl alcohol
- C.
Pyruvic acids
- D.
Acetyl Co A
Correct Answer
C. Pyruvic acidsExplanation
At the end of glycolysis, the six carbon compound is ultimately changed into pyruvic acids. Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. Pyruvic acids are then further processed in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
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- 32.
In glycolysis, during oxidation process, electrons are removed by …..
- A.
ATP
- B.
NAD+
- C.
Molecular oxygen
- D.
Phospho glyceraldehyde
Correct Answer
B. NAD+Explanation
During the oxidation process in glycolysis, electrons are removed by NAD+. NAD+ acts as an electron carrier and accepts the electrons from the glucose molecule, which is being oxidized. This electron transfer is essential for the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. NAD+ is reduced to NADH during this process, and NADH can later be used in the electron transport chain to generate more ATP.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What is the End product of aerobic respiration?
- A.
Sugar and oxygen
- B.
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy
- C.
Carbon dioxide and energy
- D.
Water and energy
Correct Answer
B. Carbon dioxide, water, and energyExplanation
The end product of aerobic respiration is carbon dioxide, water, and energy. During aerobic respiration, glucose (sugar) is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. This process releases energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is used for various cellular activities. Therefore, carbon dioxide, water, and energy are the correct end products of aerobic respiration.Rate this question:
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- 34.
How many ATP molecules are produced by the aerobic oxidation of one molecule of glucose?
- A.
30
- B.
8
- C.
38
- D.
36
Correct Answer
C. 38Explanation
During the process of aerobic oxidation of one molecule of glucose, a total of 38 ATP molecules are produced. This process occurs in the mitochondria and involves several steps, including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. These steps generate energy in the form of ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Overall, the complete breakdown of one molecule of glucose produces a net gain of 38 ATP molecules.Rate this question:
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- 35.
How many ATP molecules are produced during one round of a Krebs cycle?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
30
- D.
38
Correct Answer
A. 1Explanation
During one round of the Krebs cycle, only one ATP molecule is directly produced. The Krebs cycle is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria, and it is responsible for generating energy-rich molecules like ATP. In each round of the cycle, one ATP molecule is produced through substrate-level phosphorylation, where a phosphate group is transferred from a molecule to ADP, forming ATP. The other ATP molecules that are generated during cellular respiration come from oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the electron transport chain. Therefore, the correct answer is 1.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Out of the 38 molecules of ATP produced from the complete oxidation of one glucose molecule, how many ATP are produced in the cytoplasm?
- A.
30
- B.
8
- C.
34
- D.
2
Correct Answer
D. 2Explanation
During the process of cellular respiration, the complete oxidation of one glucose molecule produces a total of 38 molecules of ATP. However, only 2 molecules of ATP are produced in the cytoplasm. The majority of ATP production occurs in the mitochondria through the processes of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Oxidative phosphorylation is production of …....
- A.
ADP in photosynthesis
- B.
NADPH in photosynthesis
- C.
ATP in respiration
- D.
NADH2 in respiration.
Correct Answer
C. ATP in respirationExplanation
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process in which ATP is produced during cellular respiration. It occurs in the mitochondria and involves the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to the electron transport chain, which generates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is ATP in respiration.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which of the following is the End product of citric acid cycle?
- A.
Citric acid
- B.
Lactic acid
- C.
Pyruvic acid
- D.
CO2 + H2O
Correct Answer
D. CO2 + H2OExplanation
The end product of the citric acid cycle is CO2 + H2O. This is because during the cycle, acetyl CoA is oxidized and broken down into CO2, releasing energy in the process. The CO2 is then excreted as waste, while the H2O is a byproduct of the electron transport chain, which is the final step of cellular respiration. Therefore, CO2 + H2O is the correct answer as it represents the final products of the citric acid cycle.Rate this question:
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- 39.
During cellular respiration reactions……. molecules of CO2 are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of pyruvic acid.
- A.
3
- B.
2
- C.
1
- D.
6
Correct Answer
A. 3Explanation
During cellular respiration, pyruvic acid is converted into carbon dioxide (CO2) through a series of reactions. One molecule of pyruvic acid undergoes complete oxidation, resulting in the production of three molecules of CO2. This process occurs in the mitochondria of cells and is an essential step in generating energy for cellular activities.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Electron Transport Chain produces…….
- A.
ATP
- B.
ADP
- C.
FADH2
- D.
NADH
Correct Answer
A. ATPExplanation
The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It plays a crucial role in cellular respiration by transferring electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen, ultimately generating ATP. ATP is the main energy currency of the cell and is produced during oxidative phosphorylation, the final step of the electron transport chain. Therefore, the correct answer is ATP.Rate this question:
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- 41.
What do FADH2 and NADH bring to the electron transport chain?
- A.
High energy protons
- B.
Oxygen Gas
- C.
High energy electrons
- D.
Water
Correct Answer
C. High energy electronsExplanation
FADH2 and NADH bring high energy electrons to the electron transport chain. These molecules are produced during the Krebs cycle and glycolysis, where they pick up high energy electrons from glucose molecules. These electrons are then transferred to the electron transport chain, where they are used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. The electrons pass through a series of protein complexes in the electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP. Therefore, FADH2 and NADH play a crucial role in providing the high energy electrons needed for ATP production.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Which of the following carrier molecules, hold more energy?
- A.
FADH2
- B.
NAD+
- C.
ADP
- D.
NADH
Correct Answer
D. NADHExplanation
NADH holds more energy compared to the other carrier molecules listed. NADH is the reduced form of NAD+ and is a high-energy molecule that carries electrons and hydrogen ions to the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. It is involved in the production of ATP, the main energy currency of cells. FADH2 is also a carrier molecule, but it carries fewer electrons and therefore holds less energy compared to NADH. ADP is not a carrier molecule, but rather a precursor molecule for ATP synthesis.Rate this question:
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- 43.
In the figure below, what happens if the bond between the two phosphate groups number 2 and 3 breaks down in cellular respiration. All of the following statements are true except ……
- A.
An amount of energy of about 7 K.cal is released.
- B.
A molecule of ADP is produced.
- C.
The compound loses a phosphate group.
- D.
Carbon dioxide is released.
Correct Answer
D. Carbon dioxide is released.Explanation
When the bond between the two phosphate groups number 2 and 3 breaks down in cellular respiration, all of the following statements are true except that carbon dioxide is released. This is because carbon dioxide is not directly involved in the breakdown of the bond between the phosphate groups. Instead, when this bond breaks, an amount of energy of about 7 K.cal is released, a molecule of ADP is produced, and the compound loses a phosphate group. Carbon dioxide is produced in a later step of cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 44.
All of the following statements are good reasons for considering ATP the energy currency of the cell except ………
- A.
It is the molecule that all living organisms use for energy.
- B.
It can easily break to release energy.
- C.
It is hydrolyzed into ADP + Pi, both of which re-enter mitochondria for “recycling” back into ATP.
- D.
It consists of an adenine base attached to a ribose sugar, which in turn is attached to a triphosphate group.
Correct Answer
D. It consists of an adenine base attached to a ribose sugar, which in turn is attached to a triphosphate group. -
- 45.
Match the columns below …..
- A.
a – 2 / b – 5 / c – 3 / d – 1
- B.
a – 5 / b – 1 / c – 4 / d – 2
- C.
a – 3 / b – 1 / c – 4 / d – 2
- D.
a – 5 / b – 3 / c – 1 / d – 2
Correct Answer
B. a – 5 / b – 1 / c – 4 / d – 2Explanation
The correct answer is a - 5 / b - 1 / c - 4 / d - 2. This is because each column should be matched with the corresponding number that appears in the same row. In the given options, a is matched with 5, b is matched with 1, c is matched with 4, and d is matched with 2.Rate this question:
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- 46.
How many molecules of NADH are produced when four molecules of phospho-glyceraldehyde are converted into pyruvic acids during cellular respiration?
- A.
2
- B.
6
- C.
8
- D.
4
Correct Answer
D. 4Explanation
During cellular respiration, each molecule of phospho-glyceraldehyde produces 1 molecule of NADH. Since there are four molecules of phospho-glyceraldehyde, the total number of molecules of NADH produced is 4.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which one is among the products of aerobic respiration?
- A.
Malic acid
- B.
Ethyl alcohol
- C.
Pyruvic acid
- D.
Lactic acid
Correct Answer
A. Malic acidExplanation
Malic acid is among the products of aerobic respiration. During aerobic respiration, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. One of the intermediate products in this process is pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid can then be further metabolized to produce different end products depending on the presence or absence of oxygen. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid, while in the presence of oxygen, it is converted into acetyl CoA, which can then be used in the Krebs cycle to produce energy. Malic acid is one of the intermediate products formed during the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA in aerobic respiration.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The diagram below shows an important process for living organisms. What are the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively?
- A.
Muscles, Yeast, 2NADH, 2ATP, 2CO2
- B.
Yeast, Bacteria, 2CO2, 2ATP, 2 lactic acid
- C.
Yeast, muscles, 2CO2, 2ADP, 2 lactic acid
- D.
Bacteria, Yeast, 2 lactic acid, 2NAD+, 2CO2
Correct Answer
B. Yeast, Bacteria, 2CO2, 2ATP, 2 lactic acidExplanation
The correct answer is Yeast, Bacteria, 2CO2, 2ATP, 2 lactic acid. This is because yeast and bacteria are mentioned in the first two positions, indicating that they are involved in the process. The presence of 2CO2 and 2 lactic acid suggests that these are the products of the process. Finally, the presence of 2ATP indicates that ATP is also produced during the process.Rate this question:
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- 49.
When oxygen is revealed pyruvic acid, ……
- A.
Supplies energy to living cells through the citric acid cycle
- B.
Is converted to ethyl alcohol
- C.
Reforms PGAL molecules
- D.
Is converted to lactic acid
Correct Answer
A. Supplies energy to living cells through the citric acid cycleExplanation
When oxygen is revealed pyruvic acid, it undergoes a series of reactions known as the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle. This cycle takes place in the mitochondria of the cell and is an essential step in the process of cellular respiration. Through the citric acid cycle, pyruvic acid is broken down further, releasing energy in the form of ATP. This energy is then used by the cell for various metabolic processes. Therefore, the correct answer is that oxygen supplies energy to living cells through the citric acid cycle.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The conversion of ketoglutaric acid to succinic acid is a/an ……... process.
- A.
Oxidation
- B.
Decarboxylation
- C.
Oxidative decarboxylation
- D.
Reduction
Correct Answer
A. OxidationExplanation
The conversion of ketoglutaric acid to succinic acid involves the loss of electrons, which is indicative of an oxidation process. In this reaction, ketoglutaric acid is oxidized to succinic acid by losing two electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is oxidation.Rate this question:
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Mar 09, 2023Quiz Edited by
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