Ch. 9 Biology 210 Quiz

Explanation
An articulation refers to joints where two bones interconnect. This is where two bones come together and allow movement, such as the knee joint or the elbow joint. Articulations are crucial for mobility and allow us to perform various movements and actions. They can be found throughout the body and play a vital role in our skeletal system.

Explanation
The classifications of joints are synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, and diarthrosis. Synarthrosis refers to immovable joints, such as those found in the skull. Amphiarthrosis refers to slightly movable joints, such as those found between the vertebrae. Diarthrosis refers to freely movable joints, such as the shoulder or knee joints. These classifications help to categorize and understand the different types of joints in the human body based on their degree of movement.

Explanation
Synarthrosis joints are immovable. This means that these joints have no movement or very limited movement. They are characterized by the presence of fibrous connective tissue that holds the bones together, providing stability and strength. Examples of synarthrosis joints include the sutures of the skull and the joint between the teeth and the jawbone. These joints play a crucial role in providing structural support and protecting vital organs.

Explanation
Amphiarthrosis joints are slightly moveable. This type of joint allows for limited movement, as the bones are connected by cartilage or fibrous tissue. While they are not as mobile as freely moveable joints, such as the synovial joints, amphiarthrosis joints still allow for some degree of movement, such as slight rotation or flexion. These joints provide stability and support to the body while allowing for a small range of motion.

Explanation
Diarthrosis joints are moveable because they allow for a wide range of motion. These joints are characterized by the presence of a joint cavity, synovial fluid, and a synovial membrane, which all contribute to their ability to move. Examples of diarthrosis joints include the shoulder, hip, and knee joints.

Explanation
Gomphosis is a type of joint where a tooth is anchored in its socket by a fibrous ligament. This type of joint is unique to teeth and is responsible for their stability and ability to withstand the forces of chewing and biting. Therefore, the statement that "Gomphosis only applies to a tooth in a socket" is true, as it accurately describes the specific nature of this type of joint.

Explanation
The statement is true. Synchondrosis refers to a type of joint in which cartilage separates the bones at the growth plate. This type of joint allows for growth and movement during development.

Explanation
The elbow joint is a monoaxial joint because it allows movement in only one plane, the sagittal plane. It functions as a hinge joint, allowing flexion and extension of the forearm. The carpals and hip joints are not monoaxial joints as they allow movement in multiple planes.

Explanation
A biaxial joint is a joint that allows movement in two different planes. The carpals, which are the small bones in the wrist, can move in two different directions, making it a biaxial joint. The shoulder and hip joints, on the other hand, are ball-and-socket joints that allow movement in multiple directions, making them multiaxial joints.

Explanation
A triaxial joint refers to a joint that allows movement in three different axes. The hip joint is a prime example of a triaxial joint as it permits movement in the sagittal (forward and backward), frontal (side to side), and transverse (rotation) planes. The phalanges, which are the bones in the fingers and toes, are not triaxial joints as they primarily allow movement in one plane. The knee joint, although it allows movement in multiple directions, is not considered a triaxial joint as it primarily allows movement in the sagittal plane.

Explanation
The hip joint is not a synarthritic joint. Synarthritic joints are immovable or have very limited movement, while the hip joint is a diarthrosis or freely movable joint. This joint allows for a wide range of movements, such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. On the other hand, gomphosis and pelvic joints are examples of synarthritic joints. Gomphosis is a type of joint that anchors teeth to the sockets in the jawbone, and the pelvic joints connect the pelvic bones together, providing stability and limited movement.