Quiz Intro To Psychology -- Biopsychology

2.

What is the branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and functioning of the brain and the neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue that form the nervous system?

Psychodynamic science
Neuroscience
Biology
Biological psychology

Correct Answer

A. Neuroscience

Explanation

Neuroscience is the correct answer because it is the branch of life sciences that specifically focuses on the structure and functioning of the brain, as well as the neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue that make up the nervous system. It encompasses various disciplines such as biology, psychology, and other related fields, making it a comprehensive study of the nervous system and its complexities.

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1

3.

The firing of a neuron is an all-or-nothing event that fires if the action potential is reached, but has no change if the action potential is not reached.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The firing of a neuron refers to the generation and transmission of an electrical signal called an action potential. This statement correctly states that the firing of a neuron is an all-or-nothing event. This means that once the action potential threshold is reached, the neuron will fire and transmit the signal along its axon. However, if the action potential threshold is not reached, the neuron will not fire and there will be no transmission of the signal. Therefore, the statement is true.

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7

4.

What part of the nervous system is involved in voluntary, skeletal muscle movement?

Parasympathetic system
Sympathetic system
Spinal cord
Somatic system

Correct Answer

A. Somatic system

Explanation

The somatic system is involved in voluntary, skeletal muscle movement. This system is responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the skeletal muscles, allowing us to consciously control our movements. Unlike the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary functions, the somatic system is under our conscious control. Therefore, it is the correct answer to the question.

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15

5.

What is the methods for studying the brain that is used for mapping function that involves injection of a radioactive tracer?

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan
CT (computed tomography) scan
PET (positron emission tomography) scan
EEG (electroencephalogram) scan

Correct Answer

A. PET (positron emission tomography) scan

Explanation

PET (positron emission tomography) scan is the method used for studying the brain that involves injection of a radioactive tracer. This technique allows the visualization of brain activity by measuring the distribution of a radioactive substance that is injected into the bloodstream. The tracer emits positrons, which collide with electrons in the brain tissue, producing gamma rays that can be detected by the PET scanner. This information is then used to create a detailed map of brain function and activity. MRI and CT scans are imaging techniques that provide structural information, while EEG measures electrical activity in the brain.

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2

6.

Which brain structure allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others?

Medulla
Cerebellum
Reticular formation
Pons

Correct Answer

A. Reticular formation

Explanation

The reticular formation is a brain structure that plays a crucial role in regulating arousal and attention. It filters incoming sensory information and determines which stimuli to focus on and which ones to ignore. This allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while disregarding others. The medulla, cerebellum, and pons are not directly involved in attention and do not have the same functions as the reticular formation in this context.

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4

7.

The right hemisphere of the brain is involved more in written and spoken language and logical thought processes.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The right hemisphere of the brain is more involved in the nonverbal, creative, emotional thought and recognition, and facial and pattern recognition. The left hemisphere controls aspects of the spoken and written language, logical thought, and analysis of detail.

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4

8.

What part of the neuron receives messages from other cells?

Axon
Cell body
Axon Terminals
Dendrites

Correct Answer

A. Dendrites

Explanation

Dendrites are the part of the neuron that receive messages from other cells. They are branch-like structures that extend from the cell body and have many receptors on their surface. These receptors allow dendrites to receive chemical signals, called neurotransmitters, from other neurons. Once the neurotransmitters bind to the receptors on the dendrites, they generate electrical signals that are then transmitted to the cell body and further along the neuron through the axon. Therefore, dendrites play a crucial role in the communication between neurons by receiving and integrating incoming signals.

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2

9.

______ insulates and protects the axons of neurons that travel in the body and speeds up the neural message.

Correct Answer
Myelin

Explanation
Myelin is a substance that insulates and protects the axons of neurons, which are responsible for transmitting neural messages throughout the body. By forming a sheath around the axons, myelin helps to speed up the transmission of these messages, allowing for more efficient communication between different parts of the nervous system.

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2

10.

Neurotransmitter molecules work by fitting into _______ sites on the next cell, stimulating or inhibiting that cell's firing.

Correct Answer
receptor

Explanation
Neurotransmitter molecules work by fitting into receptor sites on the next cell, stimulating or inhibiting that cell's firing. Receptors are specialized proteins located on the surface of cells that specifically bind to neurotransmitters. When a neurotransmitter binds to its corresponding receptor, it triggers a series of chemical reactions that either excite or inhibit the receiving cell, influencing its firing or activity. This interaction between neurotransmitters and receptors is crucial for the transmission of signals in the nervous system.

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2

11.

What is the neurotransmitter associated with Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?

Serotonin
Dopamine
Endorphins
Norepinephrine

Correct Answer

A. Dopamine

Explanation

Dopamine is the neurotransmitter associated with both Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. In Parkinson's disease, there is a deficiency of dopamine in the brain, leading to movement difficulties and tremors. In schizophrenia, there is an imbalance of dopamine levels, with an excess of dopamine activity in certain areas of the brain, contributing to the symptoms of psychosis. Dopamine plays a crucial role in regulating movement, motivation, reward, and cognitive function, making it a key neurotransmitter involved in these two conditions.

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4

12.

The peripheral nervous system consists of the spinal cord and the brain.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the spinal cord and brain. The PNS consists of all the neurons and nerves that are not part of the brain and spinal cord and include the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

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1

13.

Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling and thus is an _____ for heroin.

Correct Answer
agonist

Explanation
Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, which are natural pain-relieving chemicals in the body. By inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling, heroin acts as an agonist for itself. An agonist is a substance that activates or enhances the activity of a receptor in the body, in this case, the opioid receptors. Therefore, heroin acts as an agonist for the opioid receptors, producing its characteristic effects.

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1

14.

What is the specialization of function in each hemisphere, mainly regarding differences in language ability?

Corpus callosum
Laterilization
Somatic Nervous System
Central Nervous system

Correct Answer

A. Laterilization

Explanation

Laterilization refers to the specialization of function in each hemisphere of the brain, particularly regarding differences in language ability. It means that certain cognitive functions, such as language processing, are predominantly localized in one hemisphere of the brain, usually the left hemisphere in right-handed individuals. This specialization allows for efficient and coordinated processing of information.

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3

15.

Which region of the brain is the largest part of the brain and contains the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the limbic system?

Midbrain
Forebrain
Hindbrain
Corpus callosum

Correct Answer

A. Forebrain

Explanation

The forebrain is the correct answer because it is the largest part of the brain and contains the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the limbic system. The forebrain is responsible for higher cognitive functions, sensory processing, and controlling emotions and behavior. It plays a crucial role in perception, memory, language, and decision-making.

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3

Quiz Intro To Psychology -- Biopsychology

The _____ system is a network of cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body

Quiz Preview

What is the branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and functioning of the brain and the neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue that form the nervous system?

The firing of a neuron is an all-or-nothing event that fires if the action potential is reached, but has no change if the action potential is not reached.

What part of the nervous system is involved in voluntary, skeletal muscle movement?

What is the methods for studying the brain that is used for mapping function that involves injection of a radioactive tracer?

Which brain structure allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others?

The right hemisphere of the brain is involved more in written and spoken language and logical thought processes.

What part of the neuron receives messages from other cells?

______ insulates and protects the axons of neurons that travel in the body and speeds up the neural message.

Neurotransmitter molecules work by fitting into _______ sites on the next cell, stimulating or inhibiting that cell's firing.

What is the neurotransmitter associated with Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia?

The peripheral nervous system consists of the spinal cord and the brain.

Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling and thus is an _____ for heroin.

What is the specialization of function in each hemisphere, mainly regarding differences in language ability?

Which region of the brain is the largest part of the brain and contains the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures such as thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the limbic system?