"Brain And Behavior" Exam; Are You Ready To Be A Biopsychologist?

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Questions: 84 | Attempts: 130 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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"Brain And Behavior" Exam; Are You Ready To Be A Biopsychologist? - Quiz

Biopsychology is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain, neurotransmitters, and other aspects of our biology influence our behaviors, thoughts, and feelings. This field of psychology is often referred to by a variety of names including biopsychology, physiological psychology, behavioral neuroscience, and psychobiology. Take this exam to evaluate your knowledge about Biosychology!

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"Brain And Behavior" Exam; Are You Ready To Be A Biopsychologist?

There are 3 types of sensory areas of cortex, namely (1) primary sensory cortex, (2) secondary sensory cortex, and (3) tertiary cortex

(A) The primary sensory cortex receives most of its input directly from the thalamic relay nuclei of a system. (B) The sensory cortex receives most of its input directly from the primary sensor cortex of a system or from other areas of secondary sensory cortex of the same system.

(A) The association cortex receives input from more than one sensory system. (B) Most input to areas of association cortex comes via areas of primary sensory cortex.

(A) Perception is the process of detecting the presence of stimuli. (B) Sensation is the higher-order processing of integrating, recognizing, and interpreting complete patterns of perceptions.

(A) Sensory systems are parallel systems in which information flows over multiple pathways. (B) Parallel systems feature parallel processing (simultaneous analysis of a signal in different ways by multiple parallel pathways of a neural network).

(A) One kind of parallel stream of analysis in our sensory systems is capable of influencing behavior without conscious awareness. (B) One kind of parallel stream of analysis in our sensory systems is capable of influencing behavior by engaging conscious awareness.

(A) Because the brain has multiple pathways, complex stimuli are perceived as combinations of independent attributes. (B) The Claustrum is an area of the brain that is said to be the potential location for binding sensory information.

(A) Sounds are vibrations of air molecules that stimulate the auditory system. (B) Amplitude is linked to perception of loudness; frequency is linked to perception of pitch; complexity of molecular vibration is linked to perception of timbre.

(A) Pure Tones (Sine Wave Vibrations) only exist in laboratories and sound recording studios because sound is actually always associated with simple patterns of vibrations. (B) For any pure tone, there is a close relationship between the frequency of tone and its perceived timbre.

(A) An extremely important characteristic of pitch perception is that the pitch of a complex sound may be directly related to the frequency of any of the sound's components. (B) The important aspect of pitch perception is referred to as the" missing fundamental".

This is the mathematical procedure for breaking down complex waves into their component sine waves.

(A) Malleus: Hammer ; Incus: Anvil ; Stapes: Stirrup (B) Cochlea: Kokhlos (air snail)

(A) The cochlea is a long, coiled tube with the Organ of Corti running almost to its tip. (B) The Organ of Corti is the auditory receptor organ and an internal structure of the cochlea.

(A) The auditory receptors and hair cells are mounted in the basilar membrane. (B) The auditory receptors and hair cells are mounted in the tectorial membrane.

(A) Vibrations of the cochlear fluid are dissipated by the round window. (B) Vibrations of the stapes trigger vibrations of the oval window.

(A) Most structures of the auditory system are arrayed according to frequency. (B) The organization of the auditory system is purely tonotopic.

(A) Semicircular canals are the receptive organs of the auditory system. (B) The auditory system carries information about the direction and intensity of head movements, which helps us maintain our balance.

(A) Localization of sounds in space is mediated by the superior and inferior olives. (B) The medial and lateral superior olives project to the superior and inferior colliculus.

(A) The general function of the superior colliculi is locating sources of sensory input in space. (B) The deep layers of the superior colliculi receive auditory input and are laid out according to a map of auditory space.

(A) Primates' primary auditory cortex receives majority of input from the medial geniculate nucleus. (B) The primate primary auditory cortex comprises three adjacent areas which refer to the core region.

(A) The primary auditory cortex is organized in functional rows (B) All neurons encountered during the vertical microelectrode penetration of primary auditory cortex tend to respond optimally to sounds in different frequency ranges

(A) Auditory signals are conducted to two large areas of association cortex: prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex. (B) The anterior auditory pathways is involved in locating sounds (where) and the posterior auditory pathway is more involved in identifying sounds (what)

(A) Association cortex is where interactions or associations take place. (B) The primary function of the auditory posterior pathway is preparation for action.

(A) Functional brain imaging's advantage is that it can focus on one part of the brain. (B) Sensory system interaction seems to be an early and integral part of sensory processing.

(A) Most auditory neurons respond to changes in frequency rather than pitch. (B) Bondor and Wang discovered a small area interior to the primary auditory cortex that contained many neurons that responded to pitch rather than frequency.

(A) Most human visual cortex is in the lateral fissure. (B) The lateral fissure is rarely destroyed in its entirety.

(A) Complete loss of hearing follows bilateral lesions, presumably from the shock of the lesion, and hearing never recovers. (B) Major permanent effects of bilateral lesions are loss of the ability to localize sound and impairment of the ability to discriminate frequencies

(A) The effects of unilateral auditory cortex lesions suggest that the auditory system is partially contralateral. (B) A unilateral lesion disrupts the ability to localize sounds in space ipsilateral, but not contralateral, to the lesion

(A) Conductive deafness is associated with damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve. (B) Nerve deafness is associated with damage to the ossicles.

(A) A major cause of nerve deafness is the loss of hair cell receptors. (B) If only part of the cochlea is damaged, an individual develops nerve deafness for all frequencies.

(A) Hearing loss is always associated with tinnitus. (B) Cutting the nerve from the ringing ear has no effect on the ringing. This suggests that changes to the central auditory system that were caused by the deafness are the cause of tinnitus.

(A) Cochlear implants bypass damage to the auditory hair cells by converting sounds to electric signals, which are then carried into the cochlea. (B) Cochlear implants can eventually restore normal healing.

(A) Merkel's disks adapt slowly and respond to gradual skin indentation (B) Ruffini endings adapt slowly and respond to skin

(A) Stereognosia is the identification of objects by touch. (B) We manipulate objects we touch in our hands so the pattern of stimulation continually changes so that the quality of sensation does not change and we can obtain information about the qualities of the tactual stimuli.

(A) Stimuli applied to the skin change the chemistry of the receptor. (B) Changing the permeability of the receptor cell membrane to various ions result into a neural signal.

(A) Each tactile sensation is produced by the interaction of multiple receptor mechanisms. (B) Each type of skin receptor mediates a different tactile sensation.

(A) Destruction of a single dorsal root produces large somatosensory loss (B) Dermatomes is an area of body innervated by the dorsal roots of a segment of the spinal cord.

(A) The dorsal-column medial-lemniscus system tends to carry information about touch and proprioception. (B) So, lesions of this system can eliminate touch perception or proprioception.

The __________ neurons that originate in the toes are the longest neurons in the human body

(A) Anterolateral System tends to carry information about touch and temperature. (B) If both ascending somatosensory paths are completely transected by a spinal injury, the patient can feel no body sensation from above the level of the cut.

(A) The human primary somatosensory cortex is somatotopic (B) The somatotopic map is referred to as the somatosensory homoculus (little man)

(A) The primary somatosensory cortex is largely ipsilateral. (B) The secondary somatosensory cortex receives most of its input from the primary somatosensory cortex and receives input from both sides of the body.

(A) The posterior parietal cortex contains unimodal neurons that respond to somatosensory stimuli. (B) The visual and somatosensory receptive fields of each neuron are not spatially related.

(A) Stereognosis is the inability to recognize objects by touch. (B) Asomatognosia is the failure to recognize parts of one's own body, usually affecting only the left side of the body.