Ch. 18 Permanent Hair Waving

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1/50 Questions

If hair breaks under very slight strain it has?
- Little or no elasticity
- Average elasticity
- Very good elasticity

About This Quiz

Explore the fundamentals of permanent hair waving in this quiz, focusing on key ingredients and techniques. Learn about the effects of various chemicals and methods on hair structure, porosity, and elasticity. Essential for aspiring hair professionals aiming to master waving techniques.

Quiz Preview

2.

What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?
- Coarse texture
- Medium texture
- Fine texture
Correct Answer

A. Coarse texture

Explanation

Coarse hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair due to its thicker and larger diameter. The additional processing is needed to break down the strong protein bonds in the hair, making it more manageable and easier to style. Coarse hair may also be more resistant to processing, meaning it may require more time and effort to achieve desired results such as straightening or curling.

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3.

The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its?
- Porosity
- Texture
- Length
Correct Answer

A. Porosity

Explanation

Porosity refers to the hair's ability to absorb moisture and chemicals. In the context of the question, the degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is directly related to its porosity. Hair with high porosity will absorb the waving lotion more easily and quickly, while hair with low porosity will have a harder time absorbing the lotion. Texture and length do not directly affect the hair's ability to absorb the waving lotion, making porosity the correct answer.

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4.

Hair texture describes the . . of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse
- Diameter
- Color
- Curl
Correct Answer

A. Diameter

Explanation

Hair texture refers to the thickness or diameter of a single strand of hair. It is classified as fine, medium, or coarse based on the diameter of the hair strand. This classification is important as it helps determine the appropriate hair care products and styling techniques for different hair types. Fine hair has a smaller diameter and is more prone to breakage, while coarse hair has a larger diameter and tends to be stronger and more resistant to damage. Understanding the diameter of hair strands can also help in determining the overall volume and appearance of the hair.

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1
5.

End wraps are absorbent papers used to . . of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm.
- Decrease moisture
- Control ends
- Control elasticity
Correct Answer

A. Control ends

Explanation

End wraps are absorbent papers used to control ends of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm. They help to keep the ends of the hair in place and prevent them from unraveling or becoming loose during the perming process. By providing a barrier between the hair and the perm rod, end wraps ensure that the ends of the hair receive the desired amount of curl and are properly shaped. This helps to create a more uniform and controlled result, enhancing the overall appearance of the perm.

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6.

Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least . . minutes before applying the neutralizer.
- 2
- 5
- 3
Correct Answer

A. 5

Explanation

The correct answer is 5 because rinsing the perm solution from the hair for at least 5 minutes before applying the neutralizer helps to remove any residual chemicals and prevent any potential damage to the hair. This step is crucial in the perm process to ensure that the hair is properly neutralized and set in its new shape.

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7.

In permanent waving most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates within the first . . minutes
- 1 to 2
- 5 to 10
- 3 to 4
Correct Answer

A. 5 to 10

Explanation

In permanent waving, the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair. The correct answer is 5 to 10 minutes, which means that most of the processing occurs within this time frame. This is the period in which the hair is being reshaped and restructured by the chemicals in the solution. After this time, the solution is usually rinsed out and the hair is neutralized to stop the chemical reaction.

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1
8.

When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the . .
- Nape
- Bang
- Temple
Correct Answer

A. Nape

Explanation

When performing a preliminary test curl, it is important to wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the nape. The nape refers to the back of the neck, where the hairline meets the neck. By wrapping a tool in this area, the stylist can assess how the hair curls and holds its shape in this specific area, which can be different from the other areas of the head.

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9.

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the?
- Double tool technique
- Single-halo method
- Strait-back method
Correct Answer

A. Double tool technique

Explanation

The double tool technique is the most suitable method for wrapping a permanent wave on very long hair. This technique involves using two perm rods or tools to wrap the hair, ensuring that the hair is evenly distributed and properly processed. By using two tools, it allows for better control and support for the long hair, preventing any uneven or loose curls. This technique is specifically designed for longer hair lengths, making it the correct answer in this context.

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1
10.

The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called?
- Processing time
- Rinsing time
- Development time
Correct Answer

A. Processing time

Explanation

Processing time refers to the length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl. This is the time during which the chemical reaction takes place and the hair undergoes the desired change in texture. Rinsing time refers to the time taken to rinse off the waving lotion from the hair after the processing time. Development time is not the correct term for this concept.

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11.

Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are . . bonds.
- Nitrogen
- Oxygen
- Peptide
Correct Answer

A. Peptide

Explanation

Peptide bonds are the chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains. Peptide bonds are formed through a condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid, resulting in the formation of a peptide bond and the release of a water molecule. These peptide bonds are essential for the structure and function of proteins.

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12.

Ask. that allow you to find out why the client wants the texture service and what results are expected.
- Open ended questions
- Rhetorical questions
- Personal questions
Correct Answer

A. Open ended questions

Explanation

Open ended questions allow you to find out why the client wants the texture service and what results are expected. These types of questions encourage the client to provide detailed and meaningful responses, providing valuable information for understanding their needs and expectations. By asking open ended questions, you can gather more information and gain a better understanding of the client's requirements, which can help in providing a more tailored and satisfactory texture service.

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13.

When hair has assumed the desired shape the broken disulfide bonds must be. . rebonded
- Physically
- Temporary
- Chemically
Correct Answer

A. Chemically

Explanation

When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be chemically rebonded. This means that a chemical process is necessary to reform the broken bonds in the hair, allowing it to maintain its desired shape. This could involve the use of chemical treatments or products that can react with the hair to reform the disulfide bonds and provide long-lasting results.

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14.

. . Rods have a small diameter in center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends resulting in a tighter curl at hair ends with a loose curl at the scalp.
- Concave
- Convex
- Strait
Correct Answer

A. Concave

Explanation

Rods with a concave shape have a small diameter in the center area and gradually increase in size towards the ends. This shape allows for a tighter curl at the hair ends, while creating a looser curl closer to the scalp.

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15.

The action of waving lotion is to ?
- Discolor the hair
- Shrink the hair
- Expand the hair
Correct Answer

A. Expand the hair

Explanation

Waving lotion is a chemical product used in hair treatments, specifically in the process of perming or creating waves in the hair. The lotion contains chemicals that break down the protein structure of the hair, allowing it to be reshaped. This reshaping process involves expanding the hair by altering its internal structure. Therefore, the correct answer is "Expand the hair."

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1
16.

Bonds that are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains are joined together are known as?
- Disulfide
- Salt
- Chemical
Correct Answer

A. Disulfide

Explanation

Disulfide bonds are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains are joined together. These bonds play a crucial role in stabilizing the three-dimensional structure of proteins, as they can form strong covalent bonds. Disulfide bonds are important for maintaining the structural integrity of proteins and are often found in extracellular proteins, such as antibodies and enzymes.

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17.

Relatively week physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite charges are . . bonds
- Hydrogen
- Nitrogen
- Oxgen
Correct Answer

A. Hydrogen

Explanation

Relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite charges are called hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds occur when a hydrogen atom is attracted to an electronegative atom such as nitrogen or oxygen. These bonds are important in many biological and chemical processes, including the structure of DNA and the folding of proteins.

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18.

Many male clients are looking for added . . fullness,style, and low maintenance that only a per can provide.
- Texture
- Color
- Shine
Correct Answer

A. Texture

Explanation

The given correct answer is "texture". This is because the question mentions that many male clients are looking for added fullness, style, and low maintenance, which are all attributes that can be achieved through texture. Adding texture to the hair can create volume, add movement and style, and make the hair easier to manage and maintain.

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19.

The main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perm is?
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Ammonium Thiglycolate
- Sodium Hydroxide
Correct Answer

A. Ammonium Thiglycolate

Explanation

Ammonium Thiglycolate is the main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perm. It is responsible for breaking the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped. Hydrogen Peroxide is commonly used in hair coloring, not in perms. Sodium Hydroxide is a strong alkali used in relaxers, not in perms.

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2
20.

The polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by?
- Hydroxide bonds
- Peptide bond
- Amino acids
Correct Answer

A. Peptide bond

Explanation

Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid. This bond is formed through a dehydration reaction, where a water molecule is removed. Peptide bonds are crucial for the formation of proteins, as they link individual amino acids together in a specific sequence to create a functional protein structure.

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21.

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels which are further divided into subsections called?
- Base section
- Base control
- Panel
Correct Answer

A. Base section

Explanation

Perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels, which are further divided into subsections called base sections. Base sections are the smaller sections within each panel where the hair is wrapped around the perm rod. This helps to ensure even distribution of the perm solution and creates consistent curls or waves throughout the hair. Base control refers to the technique used to control the tension and direction of the hair while wrapping it around the rod, and panel refers to the larger section of hair that is divided into base sections.

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22.

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope it is called?
- Double-end paper wrap
- Single-end wrap
- Book-end wrap
Correct Answer

A. Book-end wrap

Explanation

A book-end wrap is a term used to describe the technique of folding one end paper in half over the hair ends, resembling an envelope. This technique is commonly used in hairstyling to secure the hair in place and create a polished look. The term "book-end" refers to the folding action, which resembles the way bookends hold books in place.

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23.

The . . wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racket.
- Spiral
- Croquignole
- Barber pole
Correct Answer

A. Spiral

Explanation

The correct answer is spiral. The given statement describes a wrapping technique used for hair styling, where the hair is wrapped around a tool at an angle that creates a spiral effect. This technique is similar to how the grip on a tennis racket is spiraled along its length. The term "spiral" accurately describes this wrapping method.

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24.

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle of 90 degrees perpendicular to its base section, it will result in?
- On base placement
- Half-off base placement
- On-stem placement
Correct Answer

A. Half-off base placement

Explanation

Half-off base placement refers to the technique of wrapping the strand of hair at a 45-degree angle instead of the usual 90-degree angle. This technique creates a more natural and softer result, as the hair is wrapped halfway between the base and the ends. It provides a blend of lift and movement, making it a popular choice for creating volume and body in hairstyles.

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25.

Under processing is caused by . . processing time of the waving lotion.
- Excessive
- Increasing
- Insufficient
Correct Answer

A. Insufficient

Explanation

Under processing occurs when there is not enough processing time given to the waving lotion. This means that the waving lotion is not left on the hair for a sufficient amount of time to properly process and achieve the desired result.

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26.

If the hair is not . . , the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.
- Thoroughly shampooed
- Lightly rinsed
- Rinsed properly
Correct Answer

A. Rinsed properly

Explanation

If the hair is not rinsed properly, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with the waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten. This means that if the hair is not completely rinsed, there may still be traces of waving lotion left on the hair, which can react with the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer. This reaction can lead to the hair color becoming lighter than desired. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the hair is rinsed properly to avoid this issue.

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1
27.

What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?
- Coarse texture
- Fine texture
- Non-elastic
Correct Answer

A. Fine texture

Explanation

Fine texture hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services. This is because fine hair strands are thinner in diameter, making them weaker and more prone to breakage. Additionally, the fine texture allows chemicals from perm services to penetrate more easily, causing more damage to the hair.

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28.

The . wrap creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.
- Curvature perm
- Weave technique
- Straight perm
Correct Answer

A. Curvature perm

Explanation

The given correct answer is "Curvature perm". This answer is likely correct because the statement mentions that the wrap creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels. A perm is a chemical treatment that adds curl or wave to the hair, and a curvature perm specifically creates a more curved or wavy pattern. Therefore, a curvature perm would be the most appropriate choice based on the given information.

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29.

In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are re-formed . .
- Immediately
- Slowly
- Randomly
Correct Answer

A. Immediately

Explanation

In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are re-formed immediately. This means that as soon as the neutralization process begins, the bonds in the hair start to reform. This is important because it allows the hair to regain its strength and structure, ensuring that it remains healthy and resistant to damage. The immediate reformation of bonds also helps to lock in the desired style or shape, ensuring that the hair retains its desired look.

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30.

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause . . severe discoloration or hair breakage.
- Smooth curls
- Uneven curls
- Mild odor
Correct Answer

A. Uneven curls

Explanation

Metallic salts in hair products can react with the hair, causing an uneven curl pattern. This means that some parts of the hair may be more curled or wavy than others, resulting in an inconsistent and uneven appearance. The coating left by metallic salts can disrupt the natural structure of the hair, leading to these uneven curls.

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31.

Perming only a section of a whole head of hair is called?
- Partial perming
- Section perming
- Limited perming
Correct Answer

A. Partial perming

Explanation

Partial perming refers to the process of perming only a specific section of the entire head of hair, rather than perming the entire head. This technique allows for more targeted and customized results, as it can be used to add volume, texture, or curls to specific areas of the hair. It is a popular choice for individuals who want to achieve a specific look or style without committing to a full perm.

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32.

The main active ingrediant in acid-balanced waving lotion is?
- Glycerol Monothioglycolate
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Ammonium Thiglycolate
Correct Answer

A. Glycerol Monothioglycolate

Explanation

Glycerol Monothioglycolate is the main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotion. It is responsible for the permanent waving process by breaking down the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped. This ingredient is preferred in acid-balanced waving lotions as it is less damaging to the hair compared to other chemicals like ammonium thioglycolate. Hydrogen peroxide is not the main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotion, as its role is usually to activate the Glycerol Monothioglycolate.

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1
33.

If too many . . bonds are broken in the perming process the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.
- Hydrogen
- Disulfide
- Salt
Correct Answer

A. Disulfide

Explanation

Disulfide bonds are the bonds that hold the protein structure of the hair together. When hair is permed, these disulfide bonds are broken and reformed in a different pattern to create a new curl pattern. If too many disulfide bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will become weak and unable to hold a firm curl. Therefore, the correct answer is Disulfide.

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34.

When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, its called the?
- Double-flat wrap
- Single-flat wrap
- Top-hand wrap
Correct Answer

A. Single-flat wrap

Explanation

A single-flat wrap is the correct answer because when you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, you are using only one wrap and keeping it flat against the hair. The term "single" refers to the use of one wrap, while "flat" describes how it is held against the hair strand.

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35.

Neutralization rebuilds the . . by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.
- Salt bonds
- Disulfide bonds
- Polypeptide chains
Correct Answer

A. Disulfide bonds

Explanation

Neutralization rebuilds the disulfide bonds. Disulfide bonds are covalent bonds that form between two cysteine amino acids in a polypeptide chain. These bonds play a crucial role in stabilizing the tertiary structure of proteins. When a waving solution is applied to the hair, it breaks the disulfide bonds, causing the hair to change shape. Neutralization helps to reform these bonds, allowing the hair to regain its original structure.

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36.

What can be used to determine the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?
- Patch Test
- Porosity test
- Preliminary test curl
Correct Answer

A. Preliminary test curl

Explanation

A preliminary test curl can be used to determine the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client. This test involves selecting a small section of hair and applying the perm solution, then monitoring the hair's reaction to determine the processing time required for the desired curl. This helps ensure that the client's hair is not over-processed or under-processed, resulting in the best possible curl outcome.

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37.

If you suspect metallic salts are present, mix 1 oz of 20 volume with 20 drops of 28% . . and immerse at least 20 strands for 30 minutes.
- Bleach
- Petroleum
- Ammonia
Correct Answer

A. Ammonia

Explanation

The given question is incomplete and not readable.

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38.

The basic perm wrap is also called a . . wrap.
- Strait set
- Bricklay perm
- Weave technique
Correct Answer

A. Strait set

Explanation

The basic perm wrap is also called a strait set wrap.

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39.

The . . wrap that uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.
- Weave technique
- Curvature perm
- Bricklay perm
Correct Answer

A. Weave technique

Explanation

The weave technique is a hair styling method that involves using zigzag partings to divide base areas. This technique is commonly used in hair weaving and extensions to create a natural-looking and seamless blend with the natural hair. It allows for a more versatile and customizable hairstyle, as the zigzag partings help to conceal the tracks or extensions and create a more natural appearance.

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40.

The . . wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.
- Bricklay perm
- Basic perm
- Spiral perm
Correct Answer

A. Bricklay perm

Explanation

The bricklay perm is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to prevent noticeable splits and blend the flow of the hair. This type of perm creates a pattern that resembles the way bricks are laid out, which helps to create a more natural and seamless look. The other options, basic perm and spiral perm, do not have the same effect and may not provide the desired result of preventing noticeable splits and blending the flow of the hair.

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41.

The chemical action of . . breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair
- Ammonia
- Waving lotion
- Neutralizer
Correct Answer

A. Waving lotion

Explanation

Waving lotion is the correct answer because it is a chemical product used in the process of perming or waving hair. Waving lotion contains chemicals that break the disulfide bonds in the hair, which are responsible for the hair's natural shape and texture. By breaking these bonds, the waving lotion softens the hair and allows it to be reshaped into curls or waves. Ammonia is not the correct answer as it is commonly used in hair dyes and not specifically in waving lotions. Neutralizer is also not the correct answer as it is used after the waving lotion to stabilize the hair and restore its pH balance.

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42.

Strait Rods are equal in?
- Length
- Width
- Diameter
Correct Answer

A. Diameter

Explanation

Strait rods are equal in diameter. The term "strait" refers to something that is not curved or bent, but rather straight. Therefore, when referring to rods that are described as "strait," it implies that they have the same diameter throughout their length. This means that the width and length of the rods may vary, but the diameter remains constant.

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43.

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in?
- On base placement
- Half-off base
- On-stem placement
Correct Answer

A. On base placement

Explanation

On base placement is the correct answer because when a strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section, it means that the hair is wrapped directly on top of the base. This technique provides maximum lift and volume at the base, resulting in a fuller and more voluminous hairstyle.

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44.

The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is know as?
- Endothermic
- Exothermic
- Alkaline
Correct Answer

A. Endothermic

Explanation

The correct answer is Endothermic. Endothermic refers to a chemical reaction or process that absorbs heat from its surroundings. In the context of the question, it suggests that the perm product generates heat chemically within itself when activated, rather than releasing heat to the surroundings (Exothermic) or being related to alkalinity (Alkaline).

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45.

A perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hair hood-type hair dryer is known as?
- Sodium hydroxide
- Endothermic
- Exothermic
Correct Answer

A. Endothermic

Explanation

An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings. In the context of the question, a perm that is activated by an outside heat source, such as a hair dryer, would require the absorption of heat in order to proceed. Therefore, the correct answer is endothermic.

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46.

In order to make a smooth transition from the rolled section of the head to an unrolled section, use a large tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a .
- Spiral perm
- Partial perm
- Full perm
Correct Answer

A. Partial perm

Explanation

When giving a spiral perm, it is important to make a smooth transition from the rolled section of the head to an unrolled section. Using a large tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section helps to create a more gradual and natural-looking transition. This technique is commonly used in partial perms, where only a portion of the hair is permed, rather than the entire head.

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47.

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be?
- Alkaline
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Acid-Balanced
Correct Answer

A. Acid-Balanced

Explanation

Acid-Balanced waves are considered to process more quickly and produce firmer curls compared to true acid waves. This suggests that Acid-Balanced waves have a higher pH level, which allows for a faster processing time and stronger curl formation. Alkaline waves, on the other hand, have a higher pH level than Acid-Balanced waves and are known for producing stronger, more defined curls. Sodium Hydroxide is a strong alkaline substance commonly used in relaxers, but it is not the correct answer in this case.

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48.

An . liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for 5 minutes or more prior to neutralization if hair is damaged.
- Acidic
- Alkaline
- Ammonia free
Correct Answer

A. Acidic

Explanation

An acidic liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for 5 minutes or more prior to neutralization if hair is damaged. This suggests that the conditioner has a low pH level, which helps to close the hair cuticles and repair any damage. Acidic conditioners are effective in improving the condition of damaged hair by restoring moisture and strengthening the hair strands.

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49.

Some manufactures recommend the application of a . . after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.
- Pre-neutralizing conditioner
- Post-processing moisturizer
- Pre-neutralizing shampoo
Correct Answer

A. Pre-neutralizing shampoo

Explanation

The correct answer is pre-neutralizing shampoo. This is because the question asks for a product that should be applied after blotting and before the application of the neutralizer. A pre-neutralizing shampoo is specifically designed to prepare the hair for the neutralizing process by removing any residue or chemicals left from the previous treatment. It helps to balance the pH level of the hair before the neutralizer is applied, ensuring effective and safe results.

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Quiz Edited by
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Nov 23, 2010

Quiz Created by
Angelicg714

Ch. 18 Permanent Hair Waving

If hair breaks under very slight strain it has?

Quiz Preview

What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

The degree to which hair absorbs the waving lotion is related to its?

Hair texture describes the . . of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine, medium, or coarse

End wraps are absorbent papers used to . . of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on the perm.

Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least . . minutes before applying the neutralizer.

In permanent waving most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates within the first . . minutes

When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the . .

A method of wrapping a permanent wave that is suitable for very long hair is the?

The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called?

Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are . . bonds.

Ask. that allow you to find out why the client wants the texture service and what results are expected.

When hair has assumed the desired shape the broken disulfide bonds must be. . rebonded

. . Rods have a small diameter in center area and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends resulting in a tighter curl at hair ends with a loose curl at the scalp.

The action of waving lotion is to ?

Bonds that are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains are joined together are known as?

Relatively week physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite charges are . . bonds

Many male clients are looking for added . . fullness,style, and low maintenance that only a per can provide.

The main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perm is?

The polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by?

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels which are further divided into subsections called?

When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope it is called?

The . . wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racket.

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle of 90 degrees perpendicular to its base section, it will result in?

Under processing is caused by . . processing time of the waving lotion.

If the hair is not . . , the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.

What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?

The . wrap creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.

In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are re-formed . .

Metallic salts leave a coating on the hair that may cause . . severe discoloration or hair breakage.

Perming only a section of a whole head of hair is called?

The main active ingrediant in acid-balanced waving lotion is?

If too many . . bonds are broken in the perming process the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.

When you place one end wrap on top of the hair strand and hold it flat, its called the?

Neutralization rebuilds the . . by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.

What can be used to determine the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?

If you suspect metallic salts are present, mix 1 oz of 20 volume with 20 drops of 28% . . and immerse at least 20 strands for 30 minutes.

The basic perm wrap is also called a . . wrap.

The . . wrap that uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

The . . wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.

The chemical action of . . breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair

Strait Rods are equal in?

When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in?

The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is know as?

A perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hair hood-type hair dryer is known as?

In order to make a smooth transition from the rolled section of the head to an unrolled section, use a large tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a .

Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be?

An . liquid protein conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for 5 minutes or more prior to neutralization if hair is damaged.

Some manufactures recommend the application of a . . after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.