Informative Quiz On CCNA 4 Final Exam

WiMAX is the correct answer because it is an IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless technology that enables users to connect to the internet service provider (ISP) at speeds comparable to DSL and cable. WiMAX provides high-speed wireless internet access over a wide area, allowing users to access the internet from anywhere within the WiMAX coverage area using compatible devices. It offers faster data transfer rates and greater coverage compared to Wi-Fi, satellite, and Metro Ethernet technologies.

The demarcation point is the physical location where the responsibility for a WAN connection shifts from the user to the service provider. It is the point where the service provider's network ends and the user's network begins. At this point, the service provider is responsible for maintaining and managing the connection up to the demarcation point, while the user is responsible for their network beyond that point.

PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) is a simple authentication protocol used in PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) sessions. It uses a two-way handshake, meaning that both the client and the server exchange authentication information before the connection is established. This handshake involves the client sending its username and password to the server, and the server verifying the credentials. The password being unique and random, periodic password challenges, and the use of MD5 hashing to keep the password secure are not characteristics of PAP.

PPP with CHAP should be used to establish a link without sending authentication information in plain text between a Cisco and a non-Cisco router. CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) provides a secure method of authentication by using a three-way handshake process and encrypting the authentication information. This ensures that the authentication information is not sent in plain text over the link. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a Layer 2 protocol commonly used for establishing connections between routers.

Adding the command "ip dhcp excluded-address 10.10.4.1 10.10.4.5" to the configuration of a local router that has been configured as a DHCP server means that the DHCP server will not assign the addresses ranging from 10.10.4.1 to 10.10.4.5 to any clients. These addresses will be excluded from the pool of available addresses that the DHCP server can assign to clients.

The explanation for why company 1 reports higher download speeds than company 2 reports is that company 2 is located farther from the service provider than company 1 is. The distance between a company's location and the service provider can affect the quality and speed of the DSL connection. The farther the distance, the more likely it is for the signal to degrade, resulting in slower download speeds.

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The three guidelines that would contribute to creating a strong password policy are deliberately misspelling words when creating passwords, creating passwords that are at least 8 characters in length, and using combinations of upper case, lower case, and special characters. These guidelines help increase the complexity and uniqueness of passwords, making them harder for attackers to guess or crack. Deliberately misspelling words adds an extra layer of obfuscation, while the length requirement and combination of character types increase the password's strength. Writing passwords in easily retrievable locations is not recommended as it compromises security.

The correct answer states that the router matches the incoming FTP request packet to the statement created by access-list 101, which permits any IP address to the IP address range 172.16.1.0/24. Since the packet matches this statement, the router ignores the remaining statements in ACL 101 and allows the packet into the router. This means that the FTP request packet is allowed to proceed further into the network.

Data confidentiality refers to the protection of sensitive information from unauthorized access. Encapsulation is a process that involves hiding the internal details of data and providing a protective layer around it. This helps in preventing unauthorized access to the data. Encryption is another important component of data confidentiality, where data is converted into a coded form using algorithms. This ensures that even if the data is intercepted, it cannot be understood without the proper decryption key. Therefore, both encapsulation and encryption are key components in maintaining data confidentiality.

The correct answer suggests that the network administrator should conduct a performance test and compare it with the baseline that was established previously. This will help determine how the change of moving the company intranet web server to a dedicated router interface has affected performance and availability. By comparing the performance test results with the baseline, the administrator can identify any improvements or degradation in performance and make necessary adjustments or optimizations.

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HDLC (High-Level Data Link Control) is an encapsulation protocol that is only compatible with another Cisco router. HDLC is a proprietary protocol developed by Cisco, and it is widely used in Cisco networking devices. It provides a reliable and efficient method for encapsulating data over a serial interface. Other protocols like PPP, SLIP, and Frame Relay are not limited to Cisco routers and can be used with different vendors' equipment as well.

The PVC is failing because the IETF parameter is missing from the frame-relay map ip 192.168.1.3 203 command. This parameter is necessary to specify the encapsulation type as IETF, which is being used by the non-Cisco router at Branch B. Without this parameter, the Cisco router at Branch A is unable to establish the PVC with the non-Cisco router at Branch B.

A standard access control list permits or denies access based on the source IP address. Access control lists are used to filter network traffic and determine whether certain packets are allowed or denied based on specific criteria. In this case, the source IP address is the variable that is considered when making access control decisions. The access control list can be configured to permit or deny access based on the source IP address of incoming packets.

By booting the router to ROM monitor mode and configuring it to ignore the startup configuration, the network administrator can bypass the lost router password and gain access to the router. This allows them to make necessary changes or reset the password without being locked out of the device.

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Based on the output shown, the most likely cause for the malfunctioning serial interface is a PPP negotiation failure. This can be inferred from the "Serial0:0 LCP: O CONFREQ [Closed] id 1 len 10" message, which indicates that the LCP (Link Control Protocol) configuration request was not successfully established. PPP negotiation failure can occur due to various reasons such as misconfigured settings, incompatible authentication methods, or network connectivity issues.

VPNs use virtual Layer 3 connections that are routed through the Internet. This means that VPNs create a secure connection over the internet by encapsulating and encrypting data at the network layer (Layer 3). This allows users to access a private network remotely and securely, as if they were directly connected to the network. VPNs are commonly used for remote access, site-to-site connectivity, and to enhance security and privacy while browsing the internet.

The command "permit tcp 192.168.4.0 0.0.3.255 any eq telnet" in an access control list allows all traffic from the 192.168.4.0/22 network to be permitted on TCP port 23. The wildcard mask 0.0.3.255 indicates that the first 22 bits of the network address (192.168.4.0) are fixed, allowing any value for the last 2 bits. The "eq telnet" specifies that only traffic on TCP port 23 (Telnet) is permitted. Therefore, any traffic originating from the 192.168.4.0/22 network on TCP port 23 will be allowed, while all other traffic will be denied.

By configuring dynamic NAT with overload, the system administrator can provide Internet access to all ten users at the same time using the limited two public IP addresses assigned by the ISP. Dynamic NAT allows the router to dynamically assign one of the available public IP addresses to each user when they request Internet access. With overload, also known as Port Address Translation (PAT), the router can use multiple private IP addresses from the internal network and map them to the limited number of public IP addresses. This allows multiple users to share a single public IP address, maximizing the utilization of the available IP addresses.

The routers are unable to establish a PPP session because the usernames are misconfigured. PPP authentication requires the correct usernames and passwords to be configured on both ends of the link. If the usernames are not properly configured, the routers will not be able to authenticate each other and establish a PPP session.

The correct answer is to reverse the order of the TCP protocol statements in the ACL. By reversing the order, the ACL will first check for the telnet traffic and allow it, and then check for other traffic and deny it. This will allow host A to telnet to host B while still restricting other traffic between the two networks.

A wildcard mask is used in network addressing to specify which bits in an IP address should be considered when matching a network or subnet. In a wildcard mask, a "0" indicates that the corresponding bit in the IP address must be checked, while a "1" indicates that the bit can be ignored. Therefore, when a "0" is encountered in a wildcard mask, it means that the IP address bit must be checked to determine if it matches the network or subnet being specified.

The show controllers command is used to display detailed information about the hardware and physical characteristics of a serial interface. By using this command, one can determine the type of serial cable that is connected to the interface. This information is crucial for troubleshooting purposes, as it helps in identifying any cable-related issues or mismatches that may be causing problems with the serial connection.

A characteristic feature of a worm is that it exploits a known vulnerability. This means that it takes advantage of a weakness or flaw in a computer system or software in order to gain unauthorized access or spread itself. Worms are designed to specifically target and exploit these vulnerabilities, allowing them to easily infect and spread within a network or system. This characteristic sets worms apart from other types of malware, such as viruses or trojans, which may use different methods to infiltrate and propagate.

The most likely cause of the problem is that there are incorrect access control list entries. This means that the access control list is not properly configured to allow SSH connections to pass through.

Running Cisco SDM one-step lockdown on a router involves testing the router for potential security problems and making any necessary changes. This process helps to ensure that the router is secure and protected against any potential security threats. It does not involve forwarding traffic only from SDM-trusted Cisco routers, performing security testing and saving the results, or quarantining and checking all traffic for viruses before forwarding.

The destination IP address of the return packet from the Web Server when received at R1 is 172.30.20.1:3333. This is because R1 is performing NAT overload, which means that it is translating the source IP address and port number of the packets from the inside network to its own IP address and a unique port number. When the Web Server sends the return packet, it will use the translated IP address and port number, which is 172.30.20.1:3333.

The problem is that the pool of addresses for the 192Network pool is configured incorrectly. This means that the DHCP server is not able to assign an IP address to the host because there is no valid address range specified in the pool configuration. As a result, the host connected to Fa0/0 is unable to acquire an IP address from the DHCP server.

Configuring routing protocol authentication is the most effective method in protecting the routing information that is propagated between routers on the network. This method ensures that only authorized routers can participate in the routing process by requiring them to authenticate themselves using a shared key or digital certificate. By implementing authentication, the network can prevent unauthorized routers from injecting false routing information or manipulating the routing tables, thereby enhancing the overall security and integrity of the network.

The correct answer is interface Fa0/1, outbound. This is because the access control list should be applied on the outbound interface of the router that is connected to the 172.16.2.0/24 network. By applying it outbound on interface Fa0/1, traffic from the 172.16.1.0/24 network will be blocked from reaching the 172.16.2.0/24 network, while still allowing Internet access for all networks.

The problem is most likely to be found at the application layer of the OSI model. This is because the administrator is unable to receive emails, which is a function performed at the application layer. The fact that the administrator is able to ping the local mail server IP address and resolve the mail server name to an IP address indicates that the lower layers of the OSI model, such as the network and data link layers, are functioning correctly. Therefore, the issue is likely related to the application layer.

The exhibited output of the debug ip nat command indicates that the 192.168.0.0/24 network is the inside network. This conclusion can be drawn from the fact that the NAT translation is occurring between the native address 10.1.200.254 and the translated address 192.168.0.10. Since the translation is happening from the native address to the inside network address, it can be inferred that the 192.168.0.0/24 network is the inside network. Additionally, the fact that the 10.1.1.225 host is exchanging packets with the 192.168.0.10 host further supports this conclusion.

The command "frame-relay map" should be used when globally significant rather than locally significant DLCIs are being used. This command is used to map a locally significant DLCI to a globally significant DLCI, allowing communication between different Frame Relay networks. By using this command, the local router can associate the locally significant DLCI with the correct destination network, ensuring proper connectivity in a multi-network Frame Relay environment.

A CSU/DSU terminates a digital local loop. This means that it connects the customer's digital equipment to the digital carrier service. A modem terminates an analog local loop. This means that it converts the digital signals from a computer into analog signals that can be transmitted over a telephone line. A router is commonly considered a DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) device. This means that it is a device that communicates with the network and is typically located at the customer's premises.

The DLCI 321 is placed in the address field in the header of a frame that will travel from the DC router to the Orlando router. The DLCI (Data Link Connection Identifier) is used in Frame Relay networks to identify the virtual circuit between two routers. In this case, DLCI 321 is the identifier for the circuit between the DC router and the Orlando router, so it is placed in the address field to ensure that the frame is correctly delivered to the Orlando router.

The likely problem is that the translated address pool is not correctly sized. This means that there are not enough available IP addresses in the pool to provide connectivity for all ten hosts in the remote office. As a result, some hosts may occasionally fail to connect to resources in the foreign network.

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IPv6 includes built-in security options, such as IPsec, which provides authentication and encryption for network traffic. This helps enhance the security of IPv6 networks. Additionally, when enabled on a router, IPv6 can automatically configure link-local IPv6 addresses on all interfaces. This allows devices on the network to communicate with each other using these automatically generated addresses without the need for manual configuration.

The most likely problem with the RIPng configuration is that the RIPng process is not enabled on interfaces. This means that the routers are not exchanging routing information for the LAN network because the RIPng process is not active on the interfaces connecting to the LAN.

The given answer states that the commands will overwrite the existing Managers ACL. This means that when the network administrator issues the commands shown, the existing Managers ACL will be replaced with the new commands being entered.

The exhibit suggests that the router is not functioning correctly when trying to configure SDM. The problem is likely related to the configuration of the vtys. VTYs (Virtual Terminal Lines) are used to allow remote access to the router. If the vtys are not configured correctly, it can prevent proper communication and access to the router, leading to the SDM not functioning correctly.

An intrusion prevention system is responsible for monitoring suspicious processes that are running on a host and may indicate the presence of Trojan horse applications. It actively identifies and blocks any unauthorized or malicious activities, providing an additional layer of security to the host. This solution helps to prevent potential infections and safeguard the system from cyber threats.

Based on the output of the show interface commands, a fault is indicated at the data link layer of the OSI model. The show interface commands provide information about the status and statistics of the network interface, including data link layer protocols such as Ethernet. Therefore, any issues or errors related to the data link layer would be indicated in the output of these commands.

The likely cause of the issue is a Layer 2 problem with the router connection. This means that there is an issue with the data link layer, which is responsible for the physical connection between devices. It could be a problem with the crossover cable, such as a faulty or damaged cable. This would prevent the proper transmission of data between Router1 and Router2, resulting in the inability for resources attached to Router1 to connect to resources attached to Router2.

When NAT (Network Address Translation) is in use on a Cisco router, the addresses that can be translated are determined by the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) cache. The ARP cache is a table that maps IP addresses to MAC addresses, and it is used to determine the physical address of a device on the network. In the context of NAT, the router uses the ARP cache to determine which addresses can be translated, allowing it to perform the necessary address translation for incoming and outgoing packets.

It will be difficult to isolate the problem if two teams are implementing changes independently. When there is an issue with response time on an application server and both the network and software teams have made recent changes, it becomes crucial for the teams to collaborate and investigate together. Working independently can make it harder to identify the source of the problem as the changes made by each team may interact and impact the overall performance. By working together, the teams can analyze the changes made and their effects, allowing them to isolate and resolve the problem more effectively.

The first statement is true because there is always an implicit deny at the end of all access lists, which means that if a packet does not match any of the permit statements in the access list, it will be denied by default.

The second statement is true because it is recommended to have one access list per port, per protocol, per direction to have more granular control over the traffic. This allows for better security and flexibility in managing network traffic.

The two true statements about creating and applying access lists are that there is an implicit deny at the end of all access lists and the term "inbound" refers to traffic that enters the network from the router interface where the ACL is applied.