Book A Ch 5 Test
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The capital in a Punnett square stands for a ___ allele
- A.
Recessive
- B.
Dominant
- C.
Sex-linked
- D.
Heterozygous
Correct Answer
B. DominantExplanation
In a Punnett square, the capital letter represents a dominant allele. Dominant alleles are expressed in the phenotype when present, while recessive alleles are only expressed when there are two copies of the recessive allele. The Punnett square is a tool used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring based on the alleles of the parents.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The combination Tt represents a ___ genotype.
- A.
Purebred
- B.
Heterozygous
- C.
Homozygous
- D.
Sex-linked
Correct Answer
B. HeterozygousExplanation
The combination Tt represents a heterozygous genotype because it contains two different alleles for the same gene. In this case, T and t are two different versions of the gene, with T being dominant and t being recessive. Heterozygous individuals have one copy of each allele, resulting in a mixed phenotype where the dominant allele is expressed, but the recessive allele is also present.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Blood type is an example of
- A.
Sex-linked genes
- B.
A pair of genes
- C.
Multiple alleles
- D.
Polygenic inheritance
Correct Answer
C. Multiple allelesExplanation
Blood type is determined by multiple alleles. This means that there are more than two possible forms of the gene that controls blood type. In humans, there are three alleles for blood type: A, B, and O. The combination of these alleles determines an individual's blood type, such as A, B, AB, or O. This is different from sex-linked genes, which are located on the sex chromosomes, and from polygenic inheritance, which involves the interaction of multiple genes to determine a trait.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Gene therapy has shown promise in controlling
- A.
Multiple sclerosis
- B.
Cystic fibrosis
- C.
High blood pressure
- D.
The common cold
Correct Answer
B. Cystic fibrosisExplanation
Gene therapy has shown promise in treating cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system. This therapy involves introducing healthy genes into the patient's cells to replace the faulty ones responsible for the disease. By doing so, it aims to correct the underlying genetic defect and potentially improve the symptoms and quality of life for individuals with cystic fibrosis. While gene therapy has also been explored for other conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, high blood pressure, and the common cold, it has shown particular success and potential in the treatment of cystic fibrosis.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The allele for hemophilia is on the X chromosome and is a
- A.
Sex-linked gene
- B.
Homozygous
- C.
Hybrid
- D.
Dominant gene
Correct Answer
A. Sex-linked geneExplanation
The correct answer is "sex-linked gene." Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that is caused by a mutation in the gene located on the X chromosome. Since the gene is located on the sex chromosome, it is called a sex-linked gene. This means that the inheritance pattern of hemophilia is different for males and females, as males only have one X chromosome. Females can be carriers of the gene if they have one normal and one mutated X chromosome, while males are more likely to be affected by the disorder if they inherit the mutated X chromosome.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The passing of traits from one generation to another is called
- A.
Heredity
- B.
Hybrid
- C.
Recessive
- D.
Dominant
Correct Answer
A. HeredityExplanation
Heredity is the correct answer because it refers to the passing of traits from one generation to another. It involves the transmission of genetic information from parents to offspring, resulting in the inheritance of characteristics such as physical features, behavior, and susceptibility to certain diseases. This process is fundamental to the study of genetics and understanding how traits are passed down through generations.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The different forms a gene may have for a trait are called
- A.
Alleles
- B.
Homozygous
- C.
Chromosomes
- D.
Phenotypes
Correct Answer
A. AllelesExplanation
Alleles are the different forms of a gene that can exist for a particular trait. They can be dominant or recessive, and individuals inherit two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. These alleles determine the characteristics or traits that an individual will exhibit. Therefore, alleles are the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The genetic make up of an organism is its
- A.
Phenotype
- B.
Genotype
Correct Answer
B. GenotypeExplanation
The genetic make up of an organism refers to the specific combination of genes that it possesses. This combination determines the characteristics and traits of the organism. Therefore, the correct answer is "genotype" as it accurately describes the genetic composition of an organism. Phenotype, on the other hand, refers to the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, which are influenced by its genotype.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The way an animal looks and / or behave is its
- A.
Phenotype
- B.
Genotype
Correct Answer
A. PhenotypeExplanation
The way an animal looks and behaves is its phenotype. Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism, including its physical appearance, behavior, and traits. These characteristics are influenced by both genetic factors (genotype) and environmental factors.Rate this question:
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- 10.
An organism with two alleles that are exactly the same is
- A.
Homozygous
- B.
Heterozygous
Correct Answer
A. HomozygousExplanation
An organism with two alleles that are exactly the same is homozygous. Homozygous refers to a genetic condition where an organism has two identical alleles for a particular trait. In this case, the organism has two alleles that are the same, indicating that it is homozygous for that specific trait.Rate this question:
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- 11.
____ occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together to produce a single trait.
- A.
Sex-linked gene
- B.
Polygenic inheritance
- C.
Hybrid
- D.
Incomplete dominance
Correct Answer
B. Polygenic inheritanceExplanation
Polygenic inheritance occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together to produce a single trait. Unlike single gene traits, polygenic traits are controlled by multiple genes, each contributing a small effect to the overall phenotype. This results in a wide range of phenotypic variation within a population. Examples of polygenic traits include height, skin color, and intelligence.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What percentage of offspring will have cystic fibrosis if both parents are heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene? What percent will be carriers? What percent will be neither carriers or be affected? Show your punnett square and answer EACH of these questions on your sheet of loose leaf paper. Type "OK" in the box below so that your computer will accept this question.
- 13.
Could a man with type B blood and a woman with type AB produce a child with type O blood? Explain all of the possible resulting genotypes and phenotypes from ths cross. Show the punnet squares (man could have two possible genotypes) and answer the questions on your paper. Again, type an OK in the box below to move on.
- 14.
If a man and a woman, both with normal vision, marry and have a colorblind son, what must the genotypes of both parents be? If the man dies and the woman remarries to a colorblind man, what type(s) of vision could be expect to have from her second marriage? How many/what percentage of each type of vision could be expected? Again, show both punnett squares and the resulting phenotypes of the offspring on a loose leaf piece of paper. Type an OK in the box below to move on.
- 15.
Write an argumentative paragraph on whether you do or do not beleive we should be eating (or that it is safe to eat) genetically modified food. You MUST follow the format for an argumentative paragraph. You can locate the format on your 8th grade page. Write this on your loose leaf piece of paper. Type OK in the box to move on.
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