Biomechanics - Quiz About The Science Of Structure!
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Biomechanics is the science of movement of a living body, including how muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments work together to produce movement. Biomechanics is part of the larger field of kinesiology, specifically focusing on the mechanics of the movement.
- 1.The reason that a largr-handled object is easier to turn is that the mechanical advantage is larger.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 2.The law of motion best demonstrated when a person in a wheelchair gains speed when she pushes on the rims is the
- A.
Law of inertia
- B.
Law of acceleration
- C.
Law of action-reaction
- D.
Law of physics
- 3.Two forces acting in EQUAL but OPPOSITE directions and resulting in a TURNING effect is called a
- A.
Stabilizing force
- B.
Dislocating force
- C.
Moment of force
- D.
Force couple
- 4.A muscle that generates most of its force DIRECTLY BACK INTO THE JOINT is producing which type of force?
- A.
Angular force
- B.
Stabilizing force
- C.
Dislocating force
- D.
Force couple
- 5.In order to INCREASE the challenge of a person working on balance, you could do which of the following?
- A.
Raise the center of gravity and INCREASE the base of support
- B.
Raise the center of gravity and DECREASE the base of support
- C.
Lower the center of gravity and INCREASE the base of support
- D.
Lower the center of gravity and DECREASE the base of support
- 6.The type of machine that consists of a grooved wheel and turns on an axle with a rope or cable is a(n)
- A.
Moveable pulley
- B.
Wheel and axle
- C.
Fixed pulley
- D.
Incline plane
- 7.The state of equilibrium demonstrated whan an object's COG is UNCHANGED when it is disturbed is
- A.
Stable equilibrium
- B.
Unstable equilibrium
- C.
Neutral equilibrium
- D.
None of the above
- 8.In order to DECREASE the challenge of a client working on balance, you would do which of the following?
- A.
Raise the center of graviity and INCREASE the base of support
- B.
Raise the center of gravity and DECREASE the base of support
- C.
Lower the center of gravity and INCREASE the base of support
- D.
Lower the center of gravity and DECREASE the base of support
- 9.The term used to decribe walking speed is
- A.
Cadence
- B.
Stride length
- C.
Gait cycle
- D.
Period of nonsupport
- 10.Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of arm swing in gait?
- A.
Serves to slow down the lower limbs to maintain balance and control
- B.
Provides counterrotation effect of the trunk
- C.
Helps to propel the lower limbs forward in space
- D.
None of the above - it is stricltly passive ,extraneous activity
- 11.A difficulty of slowness in initiating gait is characteristic of which of the following conditions?
- A.
Rheumatoid arthritis
- B.
Nonfunctioning gastrocnemius muscle
- C.
Parkinsonism
- D.
Muscular dystrophy
- 12.A gait pattern characterized by a wide base of support and unsteady movements is called?
- A.
Parkinsonian gait
- B.
Scissor gait
- C.
Ataxic gait
- D.
Antalgic gait
- 13.You will be working with a patient who has had a STROKE. You expect which of the following descriptions to best characterize the TYPICAL gait pattern that you will see?
- A.
Excessive ANTERIOR tilt and LUMBAR lordosis with exaggerated arm swing
- B.
A shift of the trunk tot the AFFECTED side with WEIGHT-BEARING
- C.
Weight shift to the UNINVOLVED side with CIRCUMDUCTION of the INVOLVED leg
- D.
A quick shift POSTERIORLY of the trunk at the moment of heel strike
- 14.A verbal cue that you could give a patient with POOR BALANCE to improve their gait safety is
- A.
Increase cadence
- B.
Decrease step length
- C.
Increase the width of the walking base
- D.
B and C
- 15.Your patient has a tendency to CROSS the UNSUPPORTED LIMB in front of the other during swing phase. This could indicate a spacticity of which of the following muscle groups?
- A.
Hip FLEXORS
- B.
Hip ADDUCCTORS
- C.
Knee EXTENSORS
- D.
Ankle plantar FLEXORS
- 16.Your patient has a LONG LEG cast on the left leg but is ALLOWED to bear weight while ambulating. During the swing phase, what will you likely see that person do to move the limb forward?
- A.
Extend the trunk
- B.
Shift the trunk to the left side during the swing phase
- C.
Circumduct the left hip
- D.
Flex the knee on the right side
- 17.Which of the following is true regarding the changes in gait that occur with an elderly person?
- A.
Increase time in stance phase
- B.
Shorter step length
- C.
Decreased vertical displacement
- D.
All of the above are true regarding gait changes with age
- 18.Postural sway is a normal phenomenon that is largely controlled by gravity and which of the following muscle groups?
- A.
Quadriceps and Hamstrings
- B.
Hip extensors and flexors
- C.
Ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion
- D.
Ankle invertors and evertors
- 19.For OPTIMAL lateral view standing posture, a plumb line should be aligned with all of the following landmarks EXCEPT
- A.
Through the earlobe
- B.
Through the acromion process of the shoulder
- C.
Through the great toe
- D.
Lateral view of the hip knee and ankle
- 20.Pressure on the vertebral discs is GREATEST in which of the following positions?
- A.
Supine
- B.
Side-lying
- C.
Seated
- D.
Standing upright
- 21.A person with a FACET JOINT problem in the spine is generally most comfortable in which of the following positions?
- A.
Lying prone
- B.
Lying supine with legs extended
- C.
Side-lying with top leg extended behind the body
- D.
Side-lying with both legs flexed toward the chest
- 22.A person with a LUMBAR DISC problem is generally most comfortable in which of the following positions?
- A.
Lying prone
- B.
Lying supine with pillows under knees
- C.
Sidy-lying with top leg extended behind the body
- D.
Side-lying with both legs flexed toward the chest
- 23.Cause of poor posture can be which of the following?
- A.
Habit
- B.
Congenital malformation
- C.
Paralysis of key postural muscles
- D.
Any of the above
- 24.Which two SPINAL CURVES are considered to be the SECONDARY ( antigravity) curves
- A.
Cervical and Thoracic
- B.
Thoracic and sacral
- C.
Cervical and Lumbar
- D.
Lumbar and sacral
- 25.What does STATIC mean
- A.
Moveable systems
- B.
Manner in which bones move in space
- C.
Systems that move then stop
- D.
Non-moving or nearly non-moving systems
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