Biology Chapter 3 Test
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____________ occurs in an area where no soil exists, such as on bare rock.
The 'Biology Chapter 3 Test' assesses knowledge on ecological processes, including primary and secondary succession, impacts of climate on species like the mountain pine beetle, and the broader concept of ecological succession. This quiz is crucial for understanding ecosystem dynamics and environmental changes.
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- 2.
_________________ occurs as the result of a disturbance to an area that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms.
Explanation
Secondary succession occurs as the result of a disturbance to an area that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms. This type of succession happens when an existing ecosystem is disrupted or destroyed, but the soil and some organisms remain. Over time, new plant and animal species colonize the area, gradually restoring the ecosystem to its original state. Unlike primary succession, which occurs in areas without soil or living organisms, secondary succession is a more rapid process as it builds upon the existing soil and biological legacy of the area.Rate this question:
- 3.
Not all introduced species are invasive species.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
This statement is true because not all introduced species become invasive. Introduced species are those that have been brought to a new location outside of their native range. While some introduced species can become invasive and negatively impact the native ecosystem, many introduced species do not have a significant impact and coexist peacefully with the native species. Therefore, it is accurate to say that not all introduced species are invasive species.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Lichens are called “pioneer” species. Species like these are the first to arrive and successfully survive and ___________ in an area
Correct Answer
reproduce
ReproduceExplanation
Lichens are referred to as "pioneer" species because they are the first organisms to establish and thrive in a new area. They are able to reproduce successfully, which allows them to colonize and spread in the environment. This ability to reproduce ensures their survival and enables them to establish a stable population in the area.Rate this question:
- 5.
Which of the following natural events would most likely not result in secondary succession?
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Flooding
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Thunderstorm
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Tsunami
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Drought
Correct Answer
A. ThunderstormExplanation
A thunderstorm is a short-lived and localized weather event that typically involves heavy rain, lightning, and thunder. While thunderstorms can cause some disruption to the environment, such as uprooting trees or causing localized flooding, they do not typically result in widespread destruction or significant changes to the ecosystem. On the other hand, flooding, tsunamis, and droughts are natural events that can cause more severe and long-lasting impacts on the environment, leading to secondary succession.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Lichens and other pioneer species break down rocks into smaller parts, and add to the organic content of the soil as they themselves die and decompose
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Lichens and other pioneer species play a crucial role in the process of rock weathering and soil formation. They release acids that break down rocks into smaller particles, facilitating their decomposition. Additionally, when these organisms die and decompose, they contribute organic matter to the soil, enriching its content. This process is essential for the establishment of a stable ecosystem and the colonization of other plant species. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The mountain pine beetle can attack and destroy huge numbers of pine trees in a forest. Which of the following is a reason this beetle is now causing so much destruction to BC forests?
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The pine beetle has no predators in BC
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Pine trees cannot produce a resin that traps the beetles
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Frequent forest fires make pine trees weak and unable to stop beetle infestations
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The winters are not cold enough to kill beetle larvae, and trees are stressed by overcrowding
Correct Answer
A. The winters are not cold enough to kill beetle larvae, and trees are stressed by overcrowdingExplanation
The winters not being cold enough to kill beetle larvae allows them to survive and continue infesting the trees. Additionally, the overcrowding of trees adds stress to them, making them more vulnerable to beetle infestations.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Pine trees attempt to stop infestations of the mountain pine beetle by releasing large amounts of sticky resin to trap the beetles. How do the beetles often avoid this sticky resin?
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The beetles eat the parts of the tree that produce the resin
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Blue stain fungus, carried in the beetle’s mouth, destroys the tree’s ability to use the resin
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With warm summers, the resin is not as sticky as it was
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Warm winters do not allow the trees to build up enough resin to protect themselves during summers
Correct Answer
A. Blue stain fungus, carried in the beetle’s mouth, destroys the tree’s ability to use the resinExplanation
The blue stain fungus, carried in the beetle's mouth, destroys the tree's ability to use the resin. This means that even though the pine trees release large amounts of sticky resin to trap the beetles, the beetles are able to avoid it because the fungus prevents the tree from effectively using the resin as a defense mechanism.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Why does soil degradation occur in areas that have undergone deforestation?
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Animal species that lived in the trees disappear, and therefore do not provide waste material necessary for the soil
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Burning trees release large amounts of carbon dioxide, which poisons the soil
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Topsoil is eroded by wind and water without plants and trees to hold the soil in place
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The large machines used to remove the trees create large ruts in the soil
Correct Answer
A. Topsoil is eroded by wind and water without plants and trees to hold the soil in placeExplanation
When deforestation occurs, the removal of plants and trees leaves the soil exposed to the elements. Without the roots of plants and trees to hold the soil in place, wind and water can easily erode the topsoil. This erosion leads to soil degradation as the nutrient-rich topsoil is lost, making it difficult for new plants to grow and sustain the ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the greatest impact of the introduced and invasive European starlings?
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They out-compete native birds for food and nesting sites
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They destroy the habitat of many species when they feed
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They feed on native amphibians, who don't have defenses to adapt
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They carry a bacteria that infects native species
Correct Answer
A. They out-compete native birds for food and nesting sitesExplanation
European starlings have a significant impact on native birds by out-competing them for food and nesting sites. This invasive species is known for its aggressive behavior and ability to adapt to various environments. With their large numbers and aggressive feeding habits, European starlings can quickly deplete food sources that native birds rely on. They also take over nesting sites, leaving native birds without suitable places to raise their young. This competition for resources can have a detrimental effect on native bird populations, leading to declines in their numbers.Rate this question:
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- 11.
10 000 years ago, huge glacial ice sheets that covered most of Canada. After melting, the glaciers revealed a barren landscape that did not support life for a long period of time. What process began to occur after the glaciers retreated and temperatures began to rise?
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Primary succession
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Natural selection
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Adaptive radiation
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Secondary succession
Correct Answer
A. Primary successionExplanation
After the glaciers retreated and temperatures began to rise, the process of primary succession began to occur. Primary succession is the process of ecological succession that takes place in an area that is completely devoid of life or soil, such as the barren landscape left behind by the melting glaciers. This process involves the gradual colonization and establishment of plant and animal species in the area, starting with pioneer species that can tolerate harsh conditions and gradually giving way to more complex and diverse communities over time. Secondary succession, on the other hand, occurs in areas where there is already soil present, such as after a disturbance like a fire or a landslide. Natural selection and adaptive radiation are concepts related to the evolution and diversification of species, which are not directly relevant to the process of ecological succession.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following human behaviours would most likely be found in a sustainable ecosystem?
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The responsible use of resources, and the preservation of habitats
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An unlimited exploration for, and export of, resources
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The extensive use of natural ecosystems for agricultural purposes
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The construction of large vehicle corridors
Correct Answer
A. The responsible use of resources, and the preservation of habitatsExplanation
The responsible use of resources and the preservation of habitats would most likely be found in a sustainable ecosystem because these behaviors promote the conservation and protection of the environment. By responsibly using resources, such as reducing waste and practicing sustainable farming methods, the ecosystem can maintain its balance and avoid depletion of resources. Additionally, preserving habitats ensures that the diverse range of species and their interactions are maintained, allowing for a healthy and thriving ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Purple loosestrife, brought to North America accidentally on cargo ships, reproduces very quickly and aggressively, often crowding out species like the cattail that have been growing in British Columbia. Which of the following terms applies to the purple loosestrife?
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Introduced species
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Foreign species
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Non-native species
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Invasive species
Correct Answer
A. Invasive speciesExplanation
Purple loosestrife is considered an invasive species because it was brought to North America accidentally and has since reproduced rapidly and aggressively. This species has the ability to outcompete and displace native species, such as the cattail, which can have negative ecological impacts on the local ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 14.
If people installed tall fences along roads to prevent animals from being struck by passing cars. What is the name of the effect this type of project can have on the original ecosystem?
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Ecosystem contraction
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Ecosystem loss
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Habitat expansion
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Habitat fragmentation
Correct Answer
A. Habitat fragmentationExplanation
Habitat fragmentation refers to the process of dividing a large, continuous habitat into smaller, isolated patches. In this scenario, installing tall fences along roads would create barriers that restrict the movement of animals, effectively fragmenting their habitat. This can lead to negative effects on the original ecosystem, such as reduced genetic diversity, limited access to resources, and increased vulnerability to predators.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Purple loosestrife, brought to North America accidentally on cargo ships, reproduces very quickly and aggressively, often crowding out species like the cattail that have been growing in British Columbia. Which of the following terms applies to the cattails?
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Non-native species
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Invasive species
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Native species
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Introduced species
Correct Answer
A. Native speciesExplanation
The term "native species" applies to the cattails in this scenario because they have been growing in British Columbia naturally, without any human intervention. They are not non-native or introduced species that have been brought from other regions or countries. Additionally, they are being crowded out by the invasive and aggressive purple loosestrife, which further supports the idea that they are native to the area.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Climate change in many parts of Canada has abled foreign species to live. What else has changed in the past 30 years that has made the threat of invasive species in Canada greater than it has been?
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Fewer insect species currently live in Canada, allowing invasive species to thrive
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Zoos and public parks introduce many new species
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International travel allows species to be more easily introduced to our ecosystems
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Habitats have changed to be the same as habitats in other parts of the world
Correct Answer
A. International travel allows species to be more easily introduced to our ecosystemsExplanation
In the past 30 years, international travel has become more prevalent, allowing for the easier introduction of species to ecosystems in Canada. With increased travel, there is a higher likelihood of unintentionally bringing in foreign species, either through stowaways or unintentional release. These introduced species may not have natural predators or competitors in their new environment, leading to their rapid proliferation and disruption of the local ecosystem. This has contributed to the increased threat of invasive species in Canada.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The controlled burning of grass and bushes, promote new growth and attracting animals.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Controlled burning of grass and bushes is a common practice in land management. It helps to remove dead vegetation, reduce the risk of wildfires, and stimulate new growth. This new growth provides fresh food sources for animals, attracting them to the area. Therefore, the statement that controlled burning promotes new growth and attracts animals is true.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The American bullfrog, brought to British Columbia to supply restaurants with a supply of frog’s legs, were released into the wild when people did not buy the exotic food. What is the primary affect of this invasive species in British Columbia?
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The bullfrogs prey upon many native species of frogs
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The bullfrogs compete with other large amphibians for food
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The bullfrogs have torn apart normal wetland ecosystems as they feed on underwater plants
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The bullfrogs have introduced disease to the native frog population
Correct Answer
A. The bullfrogs prey upon many native species of frogsExplanation
The primary effect of the invasive American bullfrog in British Columbia is that they prey upon many native species of frogs.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Fungus weakens whitebark pines, whose seeds provide food for the nutcracker.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because fungus weakens whitebark pines, which are a source of food for the nutcracker. This suggests that if the fungus weakens the pines, it could potentially impact the availability of food for the nutcracker. Therefore, the statement is correct.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The Garry Oak ecosystem is an important ecosystem in the province of British Columbia. Which of the following invasive species is not causing problems in the Garry Oak ecosystem?
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The gypsy moth
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Scotch broom
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The grey squirrel
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Wild boars
Correct Answer
A. Wild boarsExplanation
Wild boars are not causing problems in the Garry Oak ecosystem. This can be inferred from the question as it asks which invasive species is NOT causing problems. The gypsy moth, Scotch broom, and grey squirrel are all invasive species that are known to cause issues in the Garry Oak ecosystem. However, there is no mention or indication that wild boars are causing any problems in this particular ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following would be a sustainable approach to land use to preserve natural habitats in British Columbia?
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Some natural grasslands have been altered for agricultural purposes
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Some mountain areas have been clear-cut, and steep switchback roads constructed to haul out timber
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Some cities are developing industrial areas that include planting native species in parks
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Some cities are building suburbs well outside the established downtown area
Correct Answer
A. Some cities are developing industrial areas that include planting native species in parks -
- 22.
Which of the following characteristics would be found in an introduced species that was not classified as being invasive?
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The introduced species compete with native species for resources
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The introduced species feeds on another introduced species
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The introduced species weakens many native species
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The introduced species preys on native species that do not have adaptations to avoid the introduced species
Correct Answer
A. The introduced species feeds on another introduced speciesExplanation
An introduced species that feeds on another introduced species would not necessarily be classified as invasive because it is not directly competing with native species for resources or weakening them. Instead, it is consuming another non-native species, which may or may not have negative effects on the ecosystem. The impact of this feeding behavior on the native species would depend on the specific interactions and adaptations of the introduced and native species involved.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The diagram above represents which of the following:
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Adaptive Radiation
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Climax Community
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Ecological Succession
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Natural Succession
Correct Answer
A. Ecological SuccessionExplanation
The diagram above represents ecological succession, which is the process of change in the species composition of a community over time. It shows the progression from bare ground to a mature and stable ecosystem. This process involves the colonization of pioneer species, which are gradually replaced by more complex and diverse species as the environment changes. The diagram illustrates the stages of succession, from early colonization to the establishment of a climax community.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What does primary succession look like in other parts of the world?
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Primary succession is different in almost every part of the world
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The type of primary succession that occurs depends on the types of lichen and rocks that are present
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Primary succession is the same in almost every part of the world
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Primary succession in the northern hemisphere is like secondary succession in the southern hemisphere (vice versa)
Correct Answer
A. Primary succession is the same in almost every part of the world -
- 25.
The Garry Oak ecosystem is an important ecosystem in the province of British Columbia. Which of the following is an impact of the Scotch broom?
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It provides food for other invasive species like the grey squirrel
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It is a wildflower that people pick, take home and end up spreading seeds even more
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It introduces nitrogen into the soil that many native species cannot survive
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It is designed to survive high water, and becomes a dominant species in the secondary succession after a flood
Correct Answer
A. It introduces nitrogen into the soil that many native species cannot surviveExplanation
The impact of the Scotch broom is that it introduces nitrogen into the soil, which many native species cannot survive.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When seasons change, and new plants and animals appear, secondary succession begins again
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Secondary succession does not necessarily begin again when seasons change and new plants and animals appear. Secondary succession refers to the process of ecological succession that occurs in an area that has been previously disturbed or disrupted, such as after a wildfire or human activity. It involves the reestablishment of a community of organisms in an area that previously had a functioning ecosystem. Seasons changing and new plants and animals appearing would typically be part of the natural progression of primary succession, where a community develops in a previously barren or lifeless area.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which of the following best describes reclamation?
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The site of a forest fire has many grasses and a few small jack pines growing today
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Farmland is aerated after several years of hosting large herds of cattle. Wheat is then planted in the same farmland
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A former mine site is developed to match the surrounding landforms, and topsoil that was removed before mining began is replaced
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Pandas, which can no longer find enough bamboo to survive, are trapped to be raised in zoos
Correct Answer
A. A former mine site is developed to match the surrounding landforms, and topsoil that was removed before mining began is replacedExplanation
Reclamation refers to the process of restoring a disturbed or damaged area back to its original state or a state that is similar to its surrounding environment. In the given answer, a former mine site is developed to match the surrounding landforms, and the topsoil that was removed before mining began is replaced. This process of restoring the mine site to its original condition by replacing the topsoil and matching the landforms is an example of reclamation.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Introduced species are organisms that can take over the habitat of native species or invade their bodies, thus are weakening their immune systems.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Introduced species are organisms that are not native to a particular ecosystem or region. While they can sometimes have negative impacts on native species and ecosystems, it is not accurate to say that they weaken the immune systems of native species. The effects of introduced species can vary widely and may include competition for resources, predation, or habitat alteration, but weakening immune systems is not a universal characteristic.Rate this question:
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Nov 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Mar 27, 2012Quiz Created by
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