Bio Test 4 (Ch. 16)
- 1.
Which of the following is a real life reason why people might want to hunt, capture, and/or kill endangered animals?
- A.
The fur or hide of the animal is popular material for clothing and accesories
- B.
The animal is a natural predator of an animal used as livestock
- C.
The meat of the animal is a popular food source of an indigenous people
- D.
The animals natural habitat is a popular location for urban development
- E.
All of the above are possible reasons why people might want to hunt, capture, and/or kill endangered animals
Correct Answer
E. All of the above are possible reasons why people might want to hunt, capture, and/or kill endangered animalsExplanation
The fur or hide of the animal being popular material for clothing and accessories can be a reason why people hunt, capture, and/or kill endangered animals. Similarly, if the animal is a natural predator of an animal used as livestock, people might want to eliminate the predator, leading to hunting or killing of endangered animals. Additionally, if the meat of the animal is a popular food source of an indigenous people, they may hunt or capture the endangered animal for sustenance. Lastly, if the animal's natural habitat is a popular location for urban development, it can result in hunting or killing of the animals.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What does it mean to say that a species is endangered?
- A.
That species has been pressured to move to a new habitat
- B.
That species is in imminent danger of extinction
- C.
That species has many natural predators
- D.
That species has a long gestation period
- E.
That species is often consumed by humans for food
Correct Answer
B. That species is in imminent danger of extinctionExplanation
When a species is described as endangered, it means that it is in imminent danger of extinction. This implies that the population of the species has declined significantly, and if the threats to its survival are not addressed, it may cease to exist in the near future. Being endangered does not necessarily mean that the species has been pressured to move to a new habitat, has many natural predators, has a long gestation period, or is often consumed by humans for food.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is considered a form of habitat degradation?
- A.
Mining
- B.
Agriculture
- C.
Fishieres
- D.
Logging
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the options listed (mining, agriculture, fisheries, and logging) are considered forms of habitat degradation. Mining involves extracting minerals from the earth, which can disrupt and destroy natural habitats. Agriculture often involves clearing land for farming, leading to the loss of natural habitats. Fisheries can cause habitat degradation through practices like bottom trawling, which damages the seafloor. Logging involves cutting down trees, which can lead to deforestation and the loss of forest habitats. Therefore, all of these activities contribute to habitat degradation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is the MOST species -rich terrestial biome?
- A.
Tundra
- B.
Temperate forests
- C.
Tropical dry forests
- D.
Tropical rain forests
- E.
Meditteranean forests and shrublands
Correct Answer
D. Tropical rain forestsExplanation
Tropical rainforests are the most species-rich terrestrial biome because they have high levels of biodiversity and support a wide variety of plant and animal species. The warm and humid climate, along with abundant rainfall, provides ideal conditions for diverse ecosystems to thrive. These forests are home to a vast array of species, including a large number of endemic species that are found nowhere else on Earth. The dense vegetation and complex canopy structure create multiple niches and habitats, allowing for a high number of species to coexist in this biome.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Habitat fragmentation leads to:
- A.
Increased risk of a species going extinct
- B.
Some individuals becoming isolated
- C.
Increased difficulty for individuals to find mates
- D.
Some areas with over-crowding
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
Habitat fragmentation refers to the breaking up of a continuous habitat into smaller, isolated patches. This process can have several negative consequences for species. Firstly, it increases the risk of a species going extinct as the smaller patches may not be able to support a viable population. Secondly, habitat fragmentation can result in some individuals becoming isolated, leading to reduced genetic diversity and potential inbreeding. Thirdly, the fragmented habitat makes it more difficult for individuals to find mates, further impacting their reproductive success. Lastly, some areas may experience over-crowding as species are forced into smaller habitats. Therefore, all of the mentioned options are potential outcomes of habitat fragmentation.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In the United States, purple loosestrife is:
- A.
A native flowering plant nearly brought to extinction by competiton from exotic plants
- B.
An exotic flowering plant that has caused relatively few problems for natvie species
- C.
A vine with purple striped leaves that strangles the tree it grows around
- D.
A native flowering plant that has been exported to Europe, where it has caused significant problems for native European species
- E.
An exotic flowering plant that has caused significant problems for native species
Correct Answer
E. An exotic flowering plant that has caused significant problems for native speciesExplanation
Purple loosestrife is an exotic flowering plant that has caused significant problems for native species. This invasive plant species, originally from Europe, has spread rapidly in the United States and outcompetes native plants for resources such as sunlight, water, and nutrients. Its aggressive growth and ability to form dense stands in wetland areas can disrupt the natural balance of ecosystems, reducing biodiversity and altering habitat conditions. Efforts are made to control and manage purple loosestrife populations to mitigate its negative impacts on native species and ecosystems.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Biodiversity is considered important because of:
- A.
The direct economic benefit to humans, such as medicines and food
- B.
The symbolic value that elements of the natural world can provide
- C.
Its potential for helping humans understand the processes that gave rise to the diversity we see
- D.
The aesthetic value it holds
- E.
All of the above are correct
Correct Answer
E. All of the above are correctExplanation
Biodiversity is considered important because it provides direct economic benefits to humans, such as medicines and food. It also holds symbolic value as elements of the natural world can have cultural and spiritual significance. Biodiversity is crucial for helping humans understand the processes that led to the diversity we see today, which can further scientific knowledge and advancements. Additionally, biodiversity has aesthetic value, as it contributes to the beauty and wonder of the natural world. Therefore, all of the mentioned reasons are correct in highlighting the importance of biodiversity.Rate this question:
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- 8.
One reason there is more species diversity in the tropics is:
- A.
There is more land mass available in the tropics than in the temperate zones
- B.
There is more fresh water available in the tropics than in the temperate zones
- C.
There is more seasonal variation in the tropics than in the temperate zones
- D.
There is more solar energy available in the tropics than in the temperate zones
- E.
There is more soil so more plants can grow and increase the upper levels of the species pyramid
Correct Answer
D. There is more solar energy available in the tropics than in the temperate zonesExplanation
In the tropics, there is more solar energy available compared to the temperate zones. This abundance of solar energy provides more warmth and light, creating a favorable environment for photosynthesis and plant growth. As a result, there is a greater number of plants in the tropics, which in turn supports a higher number of herbivores and subsequently a greater diversity of species. The availability of solar energy is a key factor in driving the high species diversity observed in the tropics.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A species has an increased chance of extinction when:
- A.
It is involved in general biological interaction
- B.
It has high levels of variation
- C.
It has a very expansive range
- D.
It has a very low effective population size
- E.
It has a short generation time
Correct Answer
D. It has a very low effective population sizeExplanation
A species with a very low effective population size is more likely to become extinct because it means there are only a small number of individuals within the population that are capable of reproducing and passing on their genes. This low genetic diversity makes the species more vulnerable to environmental changes, diseases, and other factors that could lead to their demise. Additionally, a small population size makes it more difficult for the species to adapt and evolve, further increasing the risk of extinction.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A species chances of going extinct are increased when its geographic range is _____________, its local population size is ___________, and its habitat tolerance is ____________________.
- A.
Restricted; small; narrow
- B.
Extensive; small; broad
- C.
Restricted; small; broad
- D.
Extensive; small; narrow
- E.
None of the above explain it
Correct Answer
A. Restricted; small; narrowExplanation
A species is more likely to go extinct when its geographic range is restricted, meaning it is limited to a small area. Additionally, a small local population size further increases the chances of extinction as there are fewer individuals to support the survival and reproduction of the species. Finally, a narrow habitat tolerance means that the species can only survive in specific environmental conditions, making it more vulnerable to changes in its habitat. Therefore, the combination of a restricted geographic range, small local population size, and narrow habitat tolerance increases the likelihood of extinction for a species.Rate this question:
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- 11.
________________ produces new species and ______________ takes them away.
- A.
Extiction; speciation
- B.
Mutation; mutation
- C.
Speciation; extinction
- D.
Gradual change; punctuated equilibrium
- E.
Background extiction; mass extiction
Correct Answer
C. Speciation; extinctionExplanation
Speciation refers to the process of new species arising, while extinction refers to the disappearance of species. This explanation aligns with the given correct answer, which states that speciation produces new species and extinction takes them away.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The loss of tropical rainforest causes a decrease in biodiversity because:
- A.
Tropical rainforests offer very diverse terrestrial habitats
- B.
Tropical rainforests prevent the release of toxic metals like mercury
- C.
Tropical rainforests produce acid rain where they are burned
- D.
Tropical rainforests are only found at high latitudes
- E.
Tropical rainforests decrease greenhouse gases
Correct Answer
A. Tropical rainforests offer very diverse terrestrial habitatsExplanation
The loss of tropical rainforest causes a decrease in biodiversity because tropical rainforests offer very diverse terrestrial habitats. These forests are home to a wide variety of plant and animal species, many of which are endemic to these ecosystems. When the rainforest is destroyed or fragmented, these species lose their habitats and are unable to survive. This leads to a decline in biodiversity as species become extinct or their populations become severely reduced. The diverse habitats within tropical rainforests also support complex ecological interactions and relationships, further contributing to the high levels of biodiversity found in these ecosystems.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is NOT an example of human activity that directly threatens the biodiversity of species?
- A.
The destruction of habitats
- B.
The harvesting of honey
- C.
The introduction of invasive species
- D.
The burning of fossil fuels
- E.
The overexplotation of resources
Correct Answer
B. The harvesting of honeyExplanation
The harvesting of honey is not an example of human activity that directly threatens the biodiversity of species. While it involves human intervention, honey harvesting is typically done in a sustainable manner that does not harm bee populations or their habitats. In fact, responsible beekeeping practices can even support biodiversity by providing a suitable environment for bees to thrive.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Conservation biology is concerned with the conservation of:
- A.
Populations
- B.
Ecosystems
- C.
Species
- D.
Biodiversity
- E.
All of the above are correct
Correct Answer
E. All of the above are correctExplanation
Conservation biology is a field of study that aims to protect and preserve the natural world. It focuses on various levels of conservation, including populations, ecosystems, species, and overall biodiversity. By addressing conservation at multiple levels, it ensures the long-term survival and sustainability of the Earth's ecosystems and the species that inhabit them. Therefore, all of the options mentioned in the question - populations, ecosystems, species, and biodiversity - are correct and fall within the scope of conservation biology.Rate this question:
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- 15.
SO2 and NO2 are to acid rain as ______________ is/are to ____________.
- A.
Global warming; an increase in exotic species
- B.
Deforestation; an abrupt increase in biodiversity
- C.
CFCs; ozone depletion
- D.
Sulfuric and nitric acids; deforestation
- E.
CO2; ozone depletion
Correct Answer
C. CFCs; ozone depletionExplanation
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) are responsible for ozone depletion, which is a phenomenon where the protective layer of ozone in the Earth's atmosphere is being destroyed. This is similar to how SO2 (sulfur dioxide) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) are responsible for acid rain, where sulfuric and nitric acids are formed and then fall to the ground. Therefore, the relationship between CFCs and ozone depletion is analogous to the relationship between SO2 and NO2 and acid rain.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Acid precipitation is largely caused by:
- A.
The greenhouse effect
- B.
The burning of sulforous and nitrous fossil fuels
- C.
The release of choloroflurocarbons
- D.
The release of carbon dioxide from automobiles
- E.
Deforestation and hairspray
Correct Answer
B. The burning of sulforous and nitrous fossil fuelsExplanation
Acid precipitation is largely caused by the burning of sulfurous and nitrous fossil fuels. When these fuels are burned, they release sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. These pollutants can combine with water vapor and other chemicals in the air to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which then fall to the ground as acid precipitation. This can have harmful effects on ecosystems, including acidifying lakes and streams, damaging vegetation, and corroding buildings and infrastructure.Rate this question:
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