Bacteria Common Names Part 1

Explanation
Streptococcus pyogenes is a type of bacteria that belongs to the group of beta hemolytic streptococci. Beta hemolytic streptococci are a group of bacteria that can cause various infections in humans, including strep throat and skin infections. This means that Streptococcus pyogenes is a specific type of beta hemolytic streptococci bacteria.

Explanation
The given correct answer, "Alpha hemolytic streptococci," is an explanation for the term "Streptococcus viridans." Streptococcus viridans is a group of bacteria that are part of the alpha hemolytic streptococci group. These bacteria are characterized by their ability to cause partial hemolysis of red blood cells, resulting in a greenish discoloration around the colonies on blood agar plates. They are commonly found in the oral cavity and can cause various infections, including dental caries, endocarditis, and abscesses.

Explanation
Neisseria gonorrhoea is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for the bacterium commonly known as Gonococcus. Gonococcus is the causative agent of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. It is a gram-negative diplococcus bacterium that primarily infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, throat, and rectum. Neisseria gonorrhoea is transmitted through sexual contact and can cause symptoms such as painful urination, discharge, and pelvic pain in women. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications and further spread of the infection.

Explanation
Neisseria meningitidis is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for the bacterium commonly known as Meningococcus. Meningococcus is a type of bacteria that can cause meningitis, which is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is an important pathogen that can cause severe illness and even death if not treated promptly. Therefore, Neisseria meningitidis is the correct answer as it accurately represents the specific bacterium mentioned.

Explanation
Kleb-Loeffler's bacillus is another name for the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This bacterium is responsible for causing diphtheria, a highly contagious respiratory infection. It is characterized by the formation of a grayish-white membrane in the throat, which can lead to severe breathing difficulties and even death if left untreated. Therefore, Kleb-Loeffler's bacillus is the correct answer as it refers to the specific bacterium responsible for causing diphtheria.

Explanation
The given correct answer "Anthrax bacillus" is a common name for the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of the infectious disease anthrax. It is a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that forms spores, allowing it to survive in the environment for long periods of time. The bacterium produces toxins that can cause severe illness and even death in humans and animals. Therefore, "Anthrax bacillus" is an appropriate and commonly used term to refer to Bacillus anthracis.

Explanation
The correct answer is Clostridium tetani, Drumstick bacillus. This is because Clostridium tetani is commonly referred to as the drumstick bacillus due to its characteristic shape resembling a drumstick.

Explanation
The correct answer is Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium welchii. Both are types of bacteria that belong to the genus Clostridium. Clostridium perfringens is a common cause of food poisoning, while Clostridium welchii is associated with gas gangrene, a serious infection that affects the muscles and tissues. Both bacteria are anaerobic, meaning they can survive and thrive in environments with little to no oxygen.

Explanation
The correct answer is Tubercle bacillus, Koch bacillus. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis, and it is commonly referred to as the tubercle bacillus or Koch bacillus. This bacterium was discovered by Robert Koch, a German physician, and microbiologist, who named it after himself. The terms "tubercle bacillus" and "Koch bacillus" are used interchangeably to describe this specific bacterium.

Explanation
Mycobacterium kansasii is a type of bacteria that causes a disease called Mycobacterium kansasii infection. It is commonly known as yellow bacillus due to its characteristic yellow color when grown in culture. This bacterium is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium and is often found in water and soil. It can cause lung infections in humans, especially those with weakened immune systems. Therefore, Mycobacterium kansasii is the correct answer in this context.

Explanation
Mycobacterium gordonae is a type of bacteria that is commonly found in tap water. It is a non-pathogenic bacterium, meaning it does not cause disease in humans. This bacterium is often used as an indicator of water quality because its presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with other microorganisms. Therefore, if tap water is tested and Mycobacterium gordonae is detected, it suggests that the water may not be safe for consumption and further testing and treatment may be necessary.

Explanation
Escherichia coli is a type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. It is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is part of the normal flora of the gut. E. coli can have both beneficial and harmful effects on the host. While some strains of E. coli can cause food poisoning and other infections, others are used in the production of certain foods and can even be used as a probiotic. Therefore, the presence of Escherichia coli is a valid and correct answer in the context of bacteria.

Explanation
Hansen's bacillus is another name for Mycobacterium leprae. This bacterium is the causative agent of leprosy, a chronic infectious disease that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves. The name "Hansen's bacillus" is derived from the Danish physician Armauer Hansen, who first identified and described the bacterium in 1873. Therefore, the correct answer is Hansen's bacillus.

Explanation
Pneumococci refers to Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacterium commonly known as pneumococcus. It is responsible for causing various infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and ear infections. The correct answer simply restates the given information, confirming that Pneumococci is indeed another term for Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Explanation
The correct answer is Flexner's bacillus, Strong's bacillus. Shigella flexneri is a bacterium that causes shigellosis, a type of bacterial infection in the intestines. It is also known as Flexner's bacillus and Strong's bacillus, named after the scientists who first identified and studied the bacterium.

Explanation
Shigella dysenteriae is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for the bacterium commonly known as Shiga's bacillus. Shigella dysenteriae is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes dysentery, a severe form of diarrhea. It is transmitted through contaminated food or water and can cause outbreaks in areas with poor sanitation. Shigella dysenteriae produces a toxin called Shiga toxin, which can cause severe complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Explanation
The correct answer is Typhoid bacillus, Eberth's bacillus. Salmonella typhi is a bacterium that causes typhoid fever in humans. It is commonly referred to as typhoid bacillus or Eberth's bacillus. This bacterium is responsible for the transmission of typhoid fever through contaminated food or water. It infects the intestines and can cause symptoms such as high fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Identifying Salmonella typhi as the typhoid bacillus or Eberth's bacillus is accurate because it accurately describes the bacterium responsible for causing typhoid fever.

Explanation
Salmonella paratyphi is a type of bacteria that causes paratyphoid fever in humans. It is a member of the Salmonella genus, which includes various species that can cause foodborne illnesses. Salmonella paratyphi is transmitted through contaminated food or water, and it can cause symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Prompt treatment with antibiotics is necessary to prevent complications. This bacterium is the correct answer because it specifically refers to Salmonella paratyphi and its association with paratyphoid fever.

Explanation
Friedlander's bacillus is another name for Klebsiella pneumoniae, a type of bacteria that can cause pneumonia and other infections in humans. This bacterium was named after Carl Friedlander, a German bacteriologist who first identified it in the late 19th century. Therefore, the correct answer is Friedlander's bacillus.

Explanation
Yersinia pestis is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for the bacterium that causes the plague. The term "plague bacillus" is a common name used to refer to Yersinia pestis, indicating that it is a bacterium responsible for causing the plague. Therefore, Yersinia pestis is the appropriate answer in this context.

Explanation
Bacillus pyocyaneus is the correct answer because it is a bacterium that is commonly associated with infections in humans. It is known for producing a blue-green pigment called pyocyanin, which gives it its name. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on the other hand, is another bacterium that is also associated with infections in humans, but it does not produce the same blue-green pigment as Bacillus pyocyaneus. Therefore, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not the correct answer in this case.

Explanation
Eikenella corrodens is a type of bacillus that is known for its ability to corrode or erode various materials. It is commonly found in the oral cavity and can cause infections in the mouth, particularly in individuals with poor oral hygiene. Eikenella corrodens is also associated with infections in other parts of the body, such as the respiratory tract and joints. This bacterium produces enzymes that break down tissues and can lead to the characteristic corrosion seen in affected areas.

Explanation
Pfeiffer's bacillus is another name for Haemophilus influenzae, a bacterium that can cause respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and meningitis. This bacterium was first identified by Richard Pfeiffer in 1892, hence the name. It is known for its ability to cause severe illness, especially in young children and individuals with weakened immune systems.

Explanation
Haemophilus ducreyi is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for Ducrey's bacillus. Ducrey's bacillus is a bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted infection known as chancroid. It is characterized by the development of painful genital ulcers and is primarily transmitted through sexual contact. Haemophilus ducreyi is a gram-negative bacterium that infects the genital area and is responsible for causing the symptoms associated with chancroid.

Explanation
Vibrio cholerae is the correct answer because it is the bacterium responsible for causing cholera, a highly contagious and potentially deadly disease. It is a comma-shaped bacterium, also known as a comma bacillus, and is transmitted through contaminated water and food. Vibrio cholerae infects the small intestine, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration. It is important to identify and treat infections caused by Vibrio cholerae promptly to prevent the spread of the disease and reduce mortality rates.

Explanation
Legionella micdadei is commonly known as the Pittsburg pneumonia agent. This bacterium is responsible for causing a type of pneumonia known as Pittsburg pneumonia. The name "Pittsburg pneumonia agent" refers to the specific strain of Legionella micdadei that has been associated with pneumonia cases in the city of Pittsburgh.

Explanation
Mycoplasma is the correct answer because it is the current name for the group of organisms that were formerly known as Pleuroplasma-like Organisms (PPLO). The term PPLO was used in the past to describe a group of bacteria that lacked a cell wall and had a pleomorphic shape. However, further research and classification led to the realization that these organisms belonged to the genus Mycoplasma. Therefore, Mycoplasma is the correct and updated name for these organisms.

Explanation
Haemophilus aegyptius is also known as Koch-Weeks bacillus.