AP Human Geography Agriculture (Rubenstein)
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This test is from An Introduction to Human Geography (9th edition) by James M. Rubenstein. This is about the agriculture chapter of the textbook. NOTE: All textbooks concerning human geography or are related to the course or used for the course of Human Geography are compatible with this textbook by Rubenstein. WARNING: If you are not taking AP Human Geography, then I would advise you not to take this test because you may not be familiar with many terms or patterns.
- 1.What does "cultivate" mean?
- A.
To grow
- B.
To care for
- C.
To make money
- D.
To harvest
- E.
To raise animals
- 2.How were humans surviving before the agricultural revolution? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Growing crops
- B.
Hunting animals
- C.
Planting seeds
- D.
Raising animals
- E.
Gathering crops
- 3.Hunters and gatherers lived in small groups.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.The __________ hunted game or fished and the ______________ collected berries, nuts, and roots. (Options- men, women) Write the right answers in the correct order separated by a semicolon (;).
- 5.There are still hunters and gatherers in the world today.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 6.What are the two types of cultivation (NOT types of agriculture)? Write the right answers in the correct order separated by a semicolon (;).
- 7.Who developed the two types of cultivation? You can either have:
- First and last name OR
- The last name only
- 8.Which of the following is/are the primary hearths of vegetative planting? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Central America
- B.
Northwestern South America
- C.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- D.
West Africa
- E.
Europe
- F.
Middle East
- G.
Southwest Asia
- H.
Southeast Asia
- I.
Oceania
- J.
South Asia
- K.
East Asia
- L.
East Africa
- 9.What did people in Southeast Asia do before they started practicing vegetative planting?
- 10.Which of the following is/are primary hearths of seed agriculture? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Central America
- B.
Northwestern South America
- C.
Sub-Saharan Africa
- D.
West Africa
- E.
Europe
- F.
Middle East
- G.
Southwest Asia
- H.
Southeast Asia
- I.
Oceania
- J.
South Asia
- K.
East Asia
- L.
East Africa
- 11.When was seed agriculture starting to become widely practiced in the Western Hemisphere?
- A.
When agriculture diffused from the hearth in Mexico
- B.
When agriculture diffused from the hearth in South America
- C.
When the Europeans brought agriculture with them from Europe
- D.
When the hearth of seed agriculture rose up in the United States
- 12.The primary differences between agriculture practices in the world are between those of what two types of regions/countries?
- A.
Africa and Asia
- B.
Northern and Southern Hemispheres
- C.
Eastern and Western Hemispheres
- D.
Land and oceans
- E.
MDCs and LDCs
- 13.What type of agriculture is practiced to produce food for sale off the farm?
- A.
Commercial
- B.
Subsistence
- C.
Seed
- D.
Vegetative Planting
- 14.What type of agriculture is practiced to feed the farmer and the farmer's family?
- A.
Commercial
- B.
Subsistence
- C.
Seed
- D.
Vegetative Planting
- 15.Farmers in MDCs grow crops and raise animals to sell directly to ____________________. (Check all that apply)
- A.
Consumers
- B.
Food-processing companies
- C.
Markets
- D.
Stores
- 16.There are ____________ percentages of the populations in MDCs that work directly with farming and _____________ percentages of the population of LDCs that work directly with farming. (Place a semicolon (;) and a space between the two terms) (Options-high/low)
- 17.Farmers in MDCs use what for power? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Human
- B.
Animal
- C.
Machinery
- D.
Hand tools
- 18.Farmers in LDCs use what for power? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Human
- B.
Animal
- C.
Machinery
- D.
Hand tools
- 19.The connection between farming and food-production jobs (such as processing, packaging, storing, distributing, retailing, tractor manufacturing, fertilizer production, and seed distribution) is called __________________________.
- 20.Only 2 percent of the United States' population works directly in the farming business, but around _______% of the population works with agribusiness. (As a number or word)
- 21.Who made the most widely used map that shows regional distribution of subsistence and commercial agriculture? (First and last name OR last name only)
- 22.How many agricultural regions did Whittlesey identify, excluding the region where agriculture was nonexistent? (As a number or word)
- 23.Whittlesey sorted out agricultural practices based upon ________________, because it determined what kind of crop can be grown and whether or not animals are raised.
- 24.In what kind of a region is shifting cultivation practiced?
- A.
Humid Low-Latitude
- B.
Dry
- C.
Warm Mid-Latitude
- D.
Cold Mid-Latitude
- E.
Polar
- F.
Undifferentiated Highlands
- 25.A region with a humid low-latitude climate would have (high/low) temperatures with (abundant/scarce) rainfall. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 26.Specifically, how do farmers clear the land for shifting cultivation?
- A.
Using machines to cut the trees down
- B.
Mowing the grass
- C.
Cutting the grass
- D.
Slashing the vegetation and burning the debris
- 27.What is the land cleared by slash-and-burn agriculture called?
- 28.Which of the following is NOT a reason why fields are abandoned in shifting cultivation?
- A.
Infertile soil
- B.
Nutrient depletion
- C.
Water scarcity
- D.
Rapid weed growth
- 29.The Kayapo people of the Amazon plant their crops in what shape?
- A.
Rectangle
- B.
Square
- C.
Circle
- D.
Oval
- E.
Triangle
- 30.Farmers in MDCs grow (one/many) crop(s) over a wide area. Farmers in LDCs grow (one/many) crop(s) over a wide area. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 31.Shifting cultivation occupies about _________% of the world's land area and about __________% of the world's population. (Both are either numbers or words) (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 32.What is/are the difference(s) between pastoral nomadism and ranching? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Pastoral nomadism is a form of subsistence agriculture whereas ranching is a form of commercial agriculture.
- B.
Nomads kill their animals on the spot whereas ranchers deliver their animals to the butcher to be killed
- C.
Nomads migrate a longer distance with their livestock than ranchers.
- D.
Ranchers raise livestock but nomads grow crops as well as livestock.
- 33.Wet rice is first planted on (dry/wet) land and then transferred to (dry/wet) land to promote growth. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 34.The process of obtaining two harvests per year from the same field is called ____________________.
- 35.What is the most important crop of intensive subsistence farming with wet rice NOT dominant?
- 36.The most distinctive characteristic of fixed crop and livestock farming is that it integrates ________________________.
- A.
Different kinds of crops
- B.
Crops and livestock
- C.
Different kinds of livestock
- D.
Crop rotation
- 37.75% of all income of mixed crop and livestock farmer is from the sale of _______________________.
- A.
Corn
- B.
Animal products
- C.
Cereal grains
- D.
Fruits and vegetables
- 38.In mixed crop and livestock farming, which crop is grown to be sold to people as oil but mostly to be fed to animals?
- 39.On dairy farms, what is grown by farmers and sold to the market? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Milk
- B.
Butter
- C.
Cheese
- D.
Cows
- 40.What is the area surrounding a city from which milk can be supplied called?
- 41.What grass do grain farmers grow the most?
- A.
Corn
- B.
Oats
- C.
Wheat
- D.
Barley
- 42.Which country is the largest commercial producer of grain?
- A.
United States
- B.
Canada
- C.
Australia
- D.
China
- E.
India
- 43.What is the present-day machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans in one operation called?
- 44.What animal is raised in ranching in the United States?
- 45.In which two European countries is ranching common? (Check two)
- A.
France
- B.
Portugal
- C.
Spain
- D.
Germany
- E.
Russia
- 46.Back then, ranching was (over a wide area/in a fixed location). Now, ranching is (over a wide area/in a fixed location). (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 47.The regions that pratice Mediterranean agriculture have which of the following in common? (Check al that apply)
- A.
Physical environment
- B.
Crop grown
- C.
Borders a sea
- D.
Most on west coast of continents
- E.
All are located around the Mediterranean Sea
- 48.What are the two most important cash crops grown in regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture? (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 49.Commercial gardening and fruit farming, also known as truck farming, produce what crops for consumers? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Cereal Grains
- B.
Fruits
- C.
Vegetables
- D.
Flowers
- E.
Rice
- 50.What is the main reason that dairy farms are in the first ring of the von Thunen model?
- A.
Its heavy weight (hard to transport far)
- B.
Fast perishable time
- C.
Needs lots of space
- 51.What is the main reason that logging is in the second ring of the von Thunen model?
- A.
Its heavy weight (hard to transport far)
- B.
Fast perishable time
- C.
Needs lots of space
- 52.What is the main reason that grazing is in the outermost ring of the von Thunen model?
- A.
Its heavy weight (hard to transport far)
- B.
Fast perishable time
- C.
Needs lots of space
- 53.Which of the following did von Thunen fail to consider in his model? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Cost of products
- B.
Physical environment
- C.
Transportation costs
- D.
Social factors
- E.
Government policies
- F.
Need of space
- 54.What are the challenges that commercial farmers face? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Government subsidies
- B.
Low selling prices
- C.
Numerous amounts in the markets
- D.
Sustainable practices
- 55.What does the United States government do to prevent overproduction? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Advise farmers to not produce crops that are in abundance
- B.
Move farmers to cities with better paying jobs
- C.
Pay farmers the difference between market prices and selling prices
- D.
Buys crops from farmers and sells/donates them to foreign governments
- E.
Gives food stamps to low-income people to use up abundant food
- 56.Farmers in MDCs grow (more/less) food than needed while farmers in LDCs grow (more/less) food than needed. (Separate the two terms with a semicolon (;) and a space)
- 57._____________ agriculture is the practice that preserves and enhances environmental quality.
- 58.What three factors distinguish sustainable agriculture (or organic farming) from conventional agriculture? (Check three)
- A.
Sensitive land management
- B.
Growth of certain crops
- C.
Limited use of chemicals
- D.
Growth of only crops
- E.
Better integration of livestock
- 59.____________ _____________ is the system of planting crops on ridge tops.
- 60.What are four strategies to increase food supply?
- (Increase/Decrease) the amount of land devoted to agriculture.
- (Increase/Decrease) the productivity of land used for agriculture.
- Identify new ________ sources.
- (Increase/Decrease) exports from other countries.
- 61._______________ is the process of deteriorating the land to a desertlike condition.
- 62.The ______________ ________________ is the invention and rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques during the 1970s and 1980s.
- 63.Which region was the world's major exporter of food by 1980?
- A.
Western Europe
- B.
Asia
- C.
Eastern Europe
- D.
Latin America
- E.
North America
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